| 词条 | Middlesbrough meteorite |
| 释义 |
|Name = Middlesbrough meteorite |Alternative names = |Image = Middlesbrough meteorite - 20080625.jpg |Image_caption = A cast of the Middlesbrough meteorite |Type = Chondrite |Class = |Group = |Structural_classification = |Composition = |Shock = |Weathering = |Country = England |Region = Middlesbrough |Lat_Long = |Observed_fall = Yes |Fall_date = 1881-03-14 |Found_date = |TKW = {{convert|1.5|kg|lbs}} |Image2 = |Image2_caption = }} The Middlesbrough Meteorite fell in Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England on March 14, 1881. The meteorite fell in the afternoon, hitting the ground around 3:35 pm. Although there were reports that sound generated as the object travelled through the Earth's atmosphere was heard in some areas of Yorkshire, the meteorite was unusual in that the sonic boom that would normally be associated with a meteorite entering the atmosphere was not heard by anyone who witnessed the fall, nor were there were any reports of either a fireball or smoke trail.[1] The site of the impact was at the railway siding Pennymans's Siding, close to the site of the now demolished St. Luke's Hospital (now Roseberry Park). The impact was witnessed by workmen only yards away, who heard a "rushing or roaring" sound followed by thud, as the meteorite hit a nearby embankment,[1] leaving a hole described by the astronomer Alexander Herschel as a "round vertical hole into which a man's arm might be thrust".[1] The meteorite had penetrated to a depth of about 30 cm and was described as "new milk warm" to the touch by the workmen when they retrieved the object.[1] Herschel, who was then Professor of Physics and Experimental Sciences at Durham College of Physical Science in Newcastle upon Tyne, rushed to Middlesbrough on hearing the news to supervise the recovery and examination of the meteorite. By experimentation, replicating the conditions of the impact, he determined the speed of the object at the time was 412 feet per second (281 mph).[2] This result was viewed as partial confirmation of a theory of the Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli that meteorites lost most of their cosmic velocity, the velocity they had before entering the Earth's atmosphere, due to air resistance at a high altitude in the atmosphere.[2] The Middlesbrough meteorite is classified as a chondrite.[3] It is approximately 4,500 million years old[4] and was formed at the same time as the Earth and the solar system. It is approximately 6 inches in diameter, weighs 3 pounds 8.75 ounces (approximately 1.5 kg) and has a crust of unusual thickness - it was recovered in one piece. A 3D scan of the object was made by NASA scientists in 2010.[9][5] Due to Middlesbrough not having a museum at the time of its fall to Earth, the meteorite was handed over to the Yorkshire Museum where it has been ever since.[6] In March 2011, the 130th anniversary of its fall to Earth, it was lent to the town's Dorman Museum where it was put on display for several weeks.[7] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkshiremuseum.org.uk/Page/ViewCollection.aspx?CollectionId=12|title=Star Object - The Middlesbrough Meteorite|accessdate=17 April 2011|publisher=Yorkshire Museum}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|title=Cosmic debris: Meteorites in history|pages=102–103|first=John G.|last=Burke|isbn=0-520-05651-5|year=1986|publisher=University of California Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g7_D_z3ki50C&pg=PA102&dq=Middlesbrough+meteorite+Herschel&hl=en&ei=ZjirTaPRHYjLhAevm_XACQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=Middlesbrough%20meteorite%20Herschel&f=false}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|publisher=New Scientist|date=9 April 1981|accessdate=17 April 2011|title=Meteor Fall|author=Alex Bevan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xo0N4k0C5KgC&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109#v=onepage&q&f=false}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.express.co.uk/posts/view/152089/Nasa-on-a-mission-to-Yorkshire|title=NASA ON A MISSION TO YORKSHIRE|publisher=Daily Express|date=January 16, 2010|accessdate=17 April 2011}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.culture24.org.uk/science+%26+nature/space/art74972|title=NASA uses Yorkshire Museum meteorite to prepare for Mars trip|author=Graham Pembrey|date=14 January 2010|accessdate=17 April 2011|publisher=Culture24}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/entertainment-leisure/arts-exhibitions/2011/03/04/middlesbrough-meteorite-at-dorman-museum-plus-other-north-exhibitions-84229-28274809/|title=Middlesbrough meteorite at Dorman Museum, plus other North exhibitions|author=Karen McLauchlan|date=4 March 2011|accessdate=17 April 2011|publisher=gazettelive.co.uk}} 7. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/tees/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_9401000/9401746.stm|title=Middlesbrough meteorite on show|publisher=BBC|date=18 February 2011|accessdate=17 April 2011}} External links
6 : 1881 in England|Chondrite meteorites|History of North Yorkshire|Middlesbrough|Meteorites found in the United Kingdom|Collections of the York Museums Trust |
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