词条 | Smithers, British Columbia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Smithers | official_name = Town of Smithers[1] | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = Town | image_skyline = SmithersBC1989.JPG | image_caption = Main Street Smithers (1989) | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = Smithers logo.png | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Canada British Columbia#Canada | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Smithers | coordinates = {{coord|54|46|55|N|127|10|05|W|region:CA-BC|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Canada | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = British Columbia | subdivision_type2 = Regional District | subdivision_name2 = Regional District of Bulkley-Nechako | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1913 | established_title2 = Incorporated (village) | established_date2 = 1921 | established_title3 = Incorporated (town) | established_date3 = 1967 | government_type = | government_footnotes = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Taylor Bachrach | leader_title1 = Governing Body | leader_name1 = Smithers Town Council | leader_title3 = MP | leader_name3 = Nathan Cullen (NDP) | leader_title4 = MLA | leader_name4 = Doug Donaldson (NDP) | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 15.27 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 490 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 10,607 | population_as_of = 2016 | population_density_km2 = 514.9 | population_urban = 5,351[3] | population_rural = 5,256[4] | population_note = | timezone = Pacific Time Zone | utc_offset = −8 | timezone_DST = Pacific Daylight Time | utc_offset_DST = −7 | postal_code_type = Postal code span | postal_code = V0J | area_code = 250, 778 | blank_name = Demonym | blank_info = Smithereen | website = {{URL|http://www.smithers.ca/}} | footnotes = }} Smithers is a town in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, approximately halfway between Prince George and Prince Rupert. Smithers is located in the Regional District of Bulkley-Nechako. With a population of 5,351 in 2016, Smithers is a service area for most of the Bulkley Valley. HistoryThe Bulkley Valley in which Smithers is situated was inhabited by the Wet'suwet'en First Nation. Smithers was founded in 1913 as the regional headquarters for the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. The new community was named after the railway's chairman of the board of directors, Sir Alfred Smithers. In 1921, Smithers became the first incorporated village in British Columbia.[5] In 1967, Smithers was incorporated as a town. Driftwood Canyon Provincial Park, {{convert|10|km|mi}} from Smithers was created in 1967. Civic orientationThe town was surveyed in 1913 and a street grid pattern was established that is still very much evident today. Historically, intensive development has been oriented towards Main Street as the prime commercial focus with residential development radiating outward from the commercial core. The traditional downtown was punctuated by important civic structures — the (old) courthouse at the intersection of Main Street with Hwy 16 or by community focal points — the Canadian National Railway station at the western end of Main Street. This pattern has been sustained by the preservation of the old courthouse, as well as the establishment of a major civic park around the cenotaph. The ongoing restoration of the CN railway station as a community resource centre is a further measure to improve the town. The Smithers railway station is served by Via Rail's Jasper – Prince Rupert train. CultureSmithers and the Bulkley Valley have often been described by non-residents as being distinct from the rest of Northern British Columbia. Many factors contribute to the composition of society in Smithers, including the arts, environmental protection, and local industries such as forestry and mining. Smithers has adopted an alpine theme, which is drawn from the geography of the area. A town bylaw requires businesses in the downtown area centred on Main Street to construct their buildings in an alpine style. A fibreglass statue of a man blowing an alpine horn, commonly referred to as The Alpenman or Alpine Al, is located at the entrance to the main street and has become the town symbol. Similarly, the Smithers chamber of commerce displays an Alpine Al costume at community events and in television advertisements for the town's businesses. Residents of Smithers are called Smithereens which remains a more popularly accepted demonym than the sometimes used 'Smitherite'.[6][7] Smithereens have a particularly strong environmental ethic. In 2006, over 600 Smithereens took to the streets to voice their opposition to a proposed coalbed methane gas field near Telkwa,[8] which they claimed would threaten local water quality, landscape integrity and wild salmon populations. Likewise a proposal by Thompson Creek Metals to develop a molybdenum mine to extract the Davidson deposit on Hudson Bay Mountain near the town was vigorously opposed over a period of years before TCM abandoned the project. Smithers and the Bulkley Valley are home to many musicians, including Juno-Award-winning Alexis Puentes. The biggest assembly of musical talent happens during the annual Mid-Summer Music Festival in late June. Over the years, the Mid-Summer Music Festival has seen some famous acts like Spirit of the West and the Barenaked Ladies and has drawn audiences and participants from all across North America. The Della Herman Theatre, named after a longtime resident and former school board official, is the primary venue for shows and performances, though several pubs and even open fields serve as secondary performance venues. Numerous organizations including the Bulkley Valley Community Arts Council operate to keep music and other artistic activities vibrant. Demographics
The latest census, taken in 2016, recorded 5,351 residents in 1,435 families of an average size of 2.9 persons.
Notable residentsHockey playersDespite its small population, Smithers has produced several notable professional ice hockey players:
Others
GeographyWest of Smithers are Witset, New Hazelton, Kitwanga, Terrace, Kitimat, Port Edward and Prince Rupert. East of Smithers are Telkwa, Houston, Topley, Burns Lake, Fraser Lake, Fort Fraser, Vanderhoof and Prince George. ClimateSmithers has a borderline humid continental/subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb/Dfc).[12] Winters are cold and cloudy but highly variable with a January average of {{convert|-7.2|C|1}}. Snow is the main type of precipitation during winter. Warm spells can push temperatures above freezing during the winter months, while cold weather systems can reduce the temperature to less than {{convert|-20.0|C|1}}.[13] The average annual snowfall is {{convert|183|cm|in|1}} with maximum accumulations of snow tending to happen in February when the average snow depth is {{convert|29|cm|in|1}} and there are many months when the snow depth reaches or surpasses {{convert|20|cm|in|1}}.[13] Summers are warm with average highs of about {{convert|22|C|1}} and an extreme high of {{convert|36|C|1}}. Nighttime temperatures are often cool with normal nighttime lows under {{convert|10|C|1}}. Depending on the year there may be very little or a lot of precipitation.[13] Spring and fall are short transition seasons. Smithers receives an average of {{convert|509|mm|in|0}} of precipitation a year with February through April being the driest months. Smithers receives 1621 hours of bright sunshine a year, ranging from a minimum of 12% of possible sunshine in December to a maximum of 47% of possible sunshine in August.[13] {{Weather box| location = Smithers Airport | metric first = Y | single line = Y | Jan maximum humidex = 15 | Feb maximum humidex = 11 | Mar maximum humidex = 18.5 | Apr maximum humidex = 25.5 | May maximum humidex = 35.2 | Jun maximum humidex = 35.2 | Jul maximum humidex = 38.1 | Aug maximum humidex = 37.3 | Sep maximum humidex = 32.9 | Oct maximum humidex = 23.7 | Nov maximum humidex = 14 | Dec maximum humidex = 12.9 | year maximum humidex = 38.1 | Jan record high C = 15.6 | Feb record high C = 11.9 | Mar record high C = 18.9 | Apr record high C = 25.8 | May record high C = 35.8 | Jun record high C = 34.2 | Jul record high C = 36 | Aug record high C = 35.2 | Sep record high C = 31.1 | Oct record high C = 24.4 | Nov record high C = 15.6 | Dec record high C = 13.6 | year record high C = 36 | Jan high C = -3.5 | Feb high C = 0.2 | Mar high C = 5.2 | Apr high C = 10.9 | May high C = 15.9 | Jun high C = 19.4 | Jul high C = 21.6 | Aug high C = 21.3 | Sep high C = 15.8 | Oct high C = 8.8 | Nov high C = 1 | Dec high C = -3.6 | year high C = 9.4 | Jan mean C = -7.2 | Feb mean C = -4.4 | Mar mean C = 0.1 | Apr mean C = 4.8 | May mean C = 9.4 | Jun mean C = 13 | Jul mean C = 15.2 | Aug mean C = 14.6 | Sep mean C = 9.9 | Oct mean C = 4.4 | Nov mean C = -2.1 | Dec mean C = -7.1 | year mean C = 4.2 | Jan low C = -11 | Feb low C = -8.8 | Mar low C = -4.9 | Apr low C = -1.3 | May low C = 2.9 | Jun low C = 6.5 | Jul low C = 8.6 | Aug low C = 7.9 | Sep low C = 4 | Oct low C = -0.1 | Nov low C = -5.2 | Dec low C = -10.7 | year low C = -1 | Jan record low C = -43.9 | Feb record low C = -35.6 | Mar record low C = -33.3 | Apr record low C = -18.3 | May record low C = -7.2 | Jun record low C = -4.1 | Jul record low C = -1.1 | Aug record low C = -2.2 | Sep record low C = -6.7 | Oct record low C = -22 | Nov record low C = -32.4 | Dec record low C = -39 | year record low C = -43.9 | Jan chill = -47.2 | Feb chill = -43.8 | Mar chill = -40.4 | Apr chill = -22.3 | May chill = -7.4 | Jun chill = -3 | Jul chill = 0 | Aug chill = -2 | Sep chill = -8 | Oct chill = -30.4 | Nov chill = -45.5 | Dec chill = -50.1 | year chill = -50.1 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 42.7 | Feb precipitation mm = 23.4 | Mar precipitation mm = 20.6 | Apr precipitation mm = 23.8 | May precipitation mm = 38.1 | Jun precipitation mm = 55.2 | Jul precipitation mm = 45.6 | Aug precipitation mm = 43.8 | Sep precipitation mm = 53.8 | Oct precipitation mm = 64.8 | Nov precipitation mm = 55 | Dec precipitation mm = 41.9 | year precipitation mm = 508.5 | rain colour = green | Jan rain mm = 10.1 | Feb rain mm = 5.5 | Mar rain mm = 6.7 | Apr rain mm = 18.7 | May rain mm = 37.4 | Jun rain mm = 55.2 | Jul rain mm = 45.6 | Aug rain mm = 43.8 | Sep rain mm = 53.8 | Oct rain mm = 56.9 | Nov rain mm = 25.6 | Dec rain mm = 8 | year rain mm = 367.2 | Jan snow cm = 44.5 | Feb snow cm = 23.5 | Mar snow cm = 16.7 | Apr snow cm = 5.6 | May snow cm = 0.7 | Jun snow cm = 0 | Jul snow cm = 0 | Aug snow cm = 0 | Sep snow cm = 0 | Oct snow cm = 8.6 | Nov snow cm = 37.4 | Dec snow cm = 45.6 | year snow cm = 182.7 | Jan humidity = 78.3 | Feb humidity = 66.7 | Mar humidity = 52.8 | Apr humidity = 43.6 | May humidity = 42.8 | Jun humidity = 48.3 | Jul humidity = 50.8 | Aug humidity = 50.4 | Sep humidity = 57.1 | Oct humidity = 66.7 | Nov humidity = 79.1 | Dec humidity = 82.3 | year humidity = 59.9 | unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm | Jan precipitation days = 16.1 | Feb precipitation days = 11.2 | Mar precipitation days = 10.1 | Apr precipitation days = 9.6 | May precipitation days = 11.9 | Jun precipitation days = 13.5 | Jul precipitation days = 12.4 | Aug precipitation days = 12.3 | Sep precipitation days = 13.8 | Oct precipitation days = 17.3 | Nov precipitation days = 16.2 | Dec precipitation days = 15.4 | year precipitation days = 159.6 | unit rain days = 0.2 mm | Jan rain days = 3.6 | Feb rain days = 3.2 | Mar rain days = 4.3 | Apr rain days = 7.6 | May rain days = 11.8 | Jun rain days = 13.5 | Jul rain days = 12.4 | Aug rain days = 12.3 | Sep rain days = 13.8 | Oct rain days = 15.7 | Nov rain days = 7.3 | Dec rain days = 3 | year rain days = 108.4 | unit snow days = 0.2 cm | Jan snow days = 14.9 | Feb snow days = 9.7 | Mar snow days = 7.3 | Apr snow days = 3 | May snow days = 0.5 | Jun snow days = 0 | Jul snow days = 0 | Aug snow days = 0 | Sep snow days = 0 | Oct snow days = 2.8 | Nov snow days = 12.1 | Dec snow days = 14.6 | year snow days = 65 | Jan sun = 42.5 | Feb sun = 75.8 | Mar sun = 128 | Apr sun = 177 | May sun = 217.8 | Jun sun = 216.6 | Jul sun = 239.6 | Aug sun = 217.2 | Sep sun = 152.7 | Oct sun = 87.5 | Nov sun = 39.7 | Dec sun = 26.4 | year sun = 1620.7 | Jan percentsun = 17.4 | Feb percentsun = 27.8 | Mar percentsun = 34.9 | Apr percentsun = 41.9 | May percentsun = 43.7 | Jun percentsun = 41.9 | Jul percentsun = 46.2 | Aug percentsun = 46.9 | Sep percentsun = 39.8 | Oct percentsun = 26.8 | Nov percentsun = 15.6 | Dec percentsun = 11.6 | year percentsun = 32.9 | source 1 = [13]|date=July 15, 2018 }} TransportationSmithers Airport underwent a runway extension completed in the summer of 2008 that allows the landing of smaller jet aircraft.[14] Central Mountain Air is based in Smithers. Smithers is also served by VIA Rail's Jasper-Prince Rupert three times a week in each direction as a scheduled stop. Movies and television
MediaTelevisionSmithers is served by four television stations, rebroadcast using transmitters owned by the Houston-Smithers Rebroadcasting Society:[15]
RadioSmithers is served by six radio stations:
RecreationSmithers is known for its world class skiing and fishing (in particular for steelhead). Other popular activities include soccer, volleyball, hockey, baseball, downhill mountain biking, cross-country skiing, hiking, quadding and snowmobiling. Smithers offers a variety of extreme sports, for example quadding in the back country, snowmobiling in the surrounding mountains, paragliding, or mountain biking down Hudson Bay Mountain. Smithers is known for its variety of recreation. References1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.cscd.gov.bc.ca/lgd/infra/library/Name%20Incorp%202011.xls | title=British Columbia Regional Districts, Municipalities, Corporate Name, Date of Incorporation and Postal Address | publisher=British Columbia Ministry of Communities, Sport and Cultural Development | type=XLS | accessdate=November 2, 2014}} 2. ^ 3. ^Census Profile, 2016 Census, Statistics Canada, accessed Oct. 21, 2017 4. ^[https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5951051&Geo2=CD&Code2=5951&Data=Count&SearchText=Bulkley%20Nechako&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1], Statistics Canada, accessed Oct. 21, 2017 5. ^{{cite web|title=Smithers|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/smithers/|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia|accessdate=27 November 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Smithers Public Library, A Short History|url=http://smithers.bc.libraries.coop/explore/about-us/library-information/history-of-the-library/|website=Smithers Public Library|accessdate=19 April 2016}} 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Gareau|first1=Chris|title=Cummins shares plans to improve B.C. budget with Smithereens|url=http://www.interior-news.com/news/cummins-shares-plans-to-improve-b-c-budget-with-smithereens/|accessdate=27 November 2017|publisher=The Interior News|date=12 December 2012}} 8. ^{{URL|http://concernedaboutcbm.org}} 9. ^Statistics Canada, Community Highlights for Smithers{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, 2001 Community Profiles, October 23, 2007. 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5933042&Data=Count&SearchText=Smithers&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5915025&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=Smithers&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Visible%20minority&Custom= |title=Community Profiles from the 2011 Census, Statistics Canada – Census Subdivision |publisher=2.statcan.gc.ca |date=6 December 2010 |accessdate=13 April 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410173607/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5933042&Data=Count&SearchText=Smithers&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1Lang%3DE&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5915025&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=Smithers&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Visible%20minority&Custom= |archivedate=10 April 2014 |df=dmy-all }} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5933042&Data=Count&SearchText=Smithers&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1Lang=E&Geo=CSD&Code=59&Table=1&Data=Count&Sex=1&Age=1&StartRec=26&Sort=2&Display=Page&CSDFilter=5000 |title=Aboriginal Peoples – Data table |publisher=2.statcan.ca |date=6 October 2010 |accessdate=13 April 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web|url = http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/archives/3rdedition/environment/climate/030 |title = Climatic Regions [Köppen] |work = Atlas of Canada |publisher = Natural Resources Canada |date = June 2003|accessdate = December 24, 2012}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title= Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 Station Data - Climate - Environment and Climate Change Canada|url= http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?searchType=stnName&txtStationName=smithers&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=487&dispBack=1 |publisher= Environment Canada |accessdate=July 15, 2018 }} 14. ^Smithers Regional Airport 15. ^{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://tvsmithers.com/?page_id=65|publisher=Houston-Smithers Rebroadcasting Society|accessdate=31 August 2015}} External links
4 : Smithers, British Columbia|Populated places established in 1913|Mining communities in British Columbia|1913 establishments in British Columbia |
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