| 词条 | Smith Hempstone |
| 释义 |
| name = Smith Hempstone | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1929|2|1}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|2006|11|19|1929|2|1}} | death_place = Suburban Hospital Bethesda, Maryland | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = Bethesda, Maryland | nationality = United States | party = Republican Party USA (1958-1968) | citizenship = | known_for = | education = George Washington University, 1946-47 University of the South, B.A., 1950 Harvard University, graduate study, 1964–1965. | alma_mater = University of the South | employer = | occupation = journalist | years_active = | home_town = Washington, D.C. | networth = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | opponents = | boards = Trustee, University of the South, 1975–1978 governor, Institute of Current World Affairs, 1975–1978. | spouse = Kathaleen Fishback "Kitty", January 30, 1954–his death | children = daughter, Katherine Hope Hempstone of Baltimore; and a grandson | parents = Smith (a naval officer) and Elizabeth (Noyes) Hempstone | relations = | awards = Sigma Delta Chi Award for distinguished service in journalism (foreign correspondence), 1960 Nieman Fellow, 1964–1965 Overseas Press Club citations for excellence in foreign correspondence, 1968, 1974 honorary doctorate of letters from University of the South, 1968. | footnotes = [2][3][4] }} Smith Hempstone (February 1, 1929–November 19, 2006) was a journalist, author, and the United States ambassador to Kenya in 1989–93. He was a vocal proponent of democracy, aggressively advocating free elections for Kenya. BiographyHempstone attended George Washington University and graduated from the University of the South. He was a U.S. Marine in the Korean War (1950–52), leaving as a captain. He did radio rewrite for the Associated Press in Charlotte, North Carolina, (1952). He was a reporter at the Louisville Times, Louisville, Kentucky (1953), rewrite man at National Geographic, Washington, D.C. (1954), then a reporter at the Washington Star (1955–56). He was a fellow of the Institute of Current World Affairs in Africa (1956–60). He served as a foreign correspondent for the Chicago Daily News in Africa (1961–64) and in Latin America (1965). He was a foreign correspondent for the Washington Star in Latin America (1966), and Europe, (1967–69). He was associate editor and editorial page director of the Star (1970–75). He left the Star in 1975 after a disagreement with Joe L. Allbritton, its new owner. He wrote a syndicated twice-weekly column, "Our Times," beginning 1975. Hempstone worked as the Africa correspondent for The Chicago Daily News, wrote several books, and wrote a syndicated column carried by 90 newspapers. In 1982 he was named executive editor of the newly founded Washington Times and, following the resignation of editor and publisher James R. Whelan in 1984, briefly served as editor of the paper before being replaced by Arnaud de Borchgrave. He was appointed ambassador to Kenya by George H. W. Bush in 1989, a time when the United States was beginning to push African countries toward democracy and human rights. Hempstone worked toward these goals by fighting for multiparty elections in Kenya in 1991, nine years after Kenyan president Daniel arap Moi had banned all parties except his own. The Moi administration derided him, saying he failed to understand that strong, unified government was necessary to keep Kenya's tribal groups from splitting the country. He aided dissidents and befriended opponents of the administration, causing the African press to describe his style as "bulldozer diplomacy." The Kenyan government isolated him and, according to Hempstone's book Rogue Ambassador: An African Memoir, twice attempted to kill him. Multiparty elections were ultimately held in 1992, and were won by Moi with 36 percent of the vote. In 2001 former Kenyan government minister Nicholas Biwott successfully sued Hempstone (High Court Civil Suit Case No. 1273)[5][6] for suggesting in his autobiography that Biwott had been involved in the murder of Kenya's minister of foreign Affairs, Dr. Robert Ouko, in February 1990. Hempstone did not defend the action. Hempstone died in 2006 in Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland, from complications of diabetes. Writings
Memberships
References1. ^https://www.adst.org/OH%20TOCs/Hempstrone,%20Smith%20Jr.toc.pdf 2. ^Contemporary Authors Online, Gale, 2009. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale, 2009. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC. Fee via Fairfax County Public Library, accessed 2009-05-04. Document Number: H1000044413. 3. ^{{cite news |title= Smith Hempstone; U.S. Ambassador to Kenya |first=Adam |last=Bernstein |authorlink= Adam Bernstein |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/19/AR2006111901022.html?nav=emailpage |work=Washington Post |isbn= |date= November 20, 2006 |page=B04 |accessdate= 2009-05-04}} 4. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/30/obituaries/30hempstone.html |work=New York Times |title= Smith Hempstone, 77, Journalist Who Became a Prominent Ambassador, Is Dead |page= A27 |date= November 30, 2006 |accessdate=2009-05-04 |first=Douglas |last=Martin}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Civil Case 1273 of 2001|url=http://www.kenyalaw.org/CaseSearch/case_search_one.php?casParties=&casSubject=&casNumber=1273&casCourt=&casJudges=&casType=&casAdvocates=&casCitation=&casYear=2001&check_submit=1&submitter=SEARCH+%BB|publisher=Kenya Law Reports}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Nicholas Biwott v Smith Hempstone: Service Abroad and preliminary decree|url=http://kenyadocex.com/uploads/2/7/3/5/2735307/smithhempstone.pdf|work=Kenyan Court documents|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711024925/http://kenyadocex.com/uploads/2/7/3/5/2735307/smithhempstone.pdf|archivedate=2012-07-11|df=}}
External links{{Portal|Biography}}
20 : 1929 births|2006 deaths|20th-century American novelists|American columnists|American newspaper editors|Journalists from Washington, D.C.|American male novelists|Ambassadors of the United States to Kenya|Chicago Daily News people|The Washington Times people|United States Marine Corps officers|American Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War|George H. W. Bush administration personnel|Culver Academies alumni|Sewanee: The University of the South alumni|George Washington University alumni|Harvard University alumni|Deaths from diabetes|Disease-related deaths in Maryland|American male non-fiction writers |
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