1. Geography

2. Demographics

3. Transportation

4. History and language

5. {{anchor|Smith Island Cake}} Smith Island cake

6. See also

7. References

8. External links

Smith Island is an island on the Chesapeake Bay, on the border of Maryland and Virginia territorial waters in the United States.

On its Maryland side, Smith Island is a census-designated place (CDP) in Somerset County, Maryland, United States. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography

Smith Island lies approximately 10 miles west of Crisfield, Md across the Tangier Sound portion of the Chesapeake Bay. The island consists of three communities, Ewell, Tylerton and Rhodes Point, which all sit on the Maryland portion of the island. The Virginia portion is currently uninhabited, although once contained many homes of early settlers.

The island has been shrinking in size for centuries, because of a combination of its low elevation and storm erosion. In the last 150 years, Smith Island has lost over {{convert|3300|acre|km2|0}} of wetlands because of erosion and post-glacial subsidence into the Chesapeake Bay.

In order to prevent the island from being lost to erosion, restoration efforts will be ongoing for the next 50 years to restore {{convert|1900|acre|km2|0}} of submerged aquatic vegetation and {{convert|240|acre|km2|0}} of wetlands.^[2]

Demographics

The community is located in a small town-area in the central part of the island, spread across the three inhabited locations of Ewell, Rhodes Point and Tylerton, all located in the state of Maryland. The northern part of Smith Island also includes the Martin National Wildlife Refuge. The southernmost portion of the island consisting of marsh lies in Accomack County, Virginia.

As of the census of 2010, there were 276 people residing in the CDP. The population density was 81.7 people per square mile (31.6/km²). There were 218 housing units at an average density of 57.5/sq mi (22.2/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.6% White, 0.82% African American, 0.27% Native American, and 0.82% from two or more races. 51% of Smith Island's residents were English, 4% Greek, 3% Irish, 3% Scottish, and 3% French.^[3]

There were 167 households out of which 19.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.9% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.69.

In the CDP, the population was spread out with 14.6% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 22.3% from 25 to 44, 34.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $26,324, and the median income for a family was $29,375. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $25,469. About 14.4% of families and 37.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.9% of those under age 18 and 67.9% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

Smith Island has no airport and no bridges to the mainland; it can be accessed only by boat. Passenger-only ferries connect Smith Island at Ewell to Point Lookout, Maryland, and Reedville, Virginia, on the Western shore of the Chesapeake Bay (seasonal) and from Crisfield, Maryland, on its Eastern Shore (year-round).

A daily passenger ferry also runs between Crisfield, Maryland, and the smaller island of Tylerton, Maryland.

History and language

Smith Island is inhabited by one of the region's oldest English-speaking communities, which is known for its relic accent, preserving speech patterns from the original English colonial settlers. The local dialect is like the dialects of the West Country of England and the dialect of Cornwall. The dialect contains some relict features indicative of its origins.^[6] The dialect is like the Ocracoke Brogue,^[7] sometimes referred to as the Outer Banks Brogue.^[8][9]

The Island Belle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.^[10]

{{anchor|Smith Island Cake}} Smith Island cake

Smith Island has its own region-specific traditional cuisine. The most famous dish is Smith Island cake, similar to the Prinzregententorte, with 8 to 15 thin layers^[11] filled with creme, frosting and/or crushed candy bars, and iced with a cooked chocolate icing.

Beginning in the 1800s, Smith Islanders would send these cakes with the watermen on the autumn oyster harvest. The bakers began using fudge instead of buttercream frostings, as cakes frosted with fudge lasted much longer than cakes with other types of frosting.^[12]

Smith Island cake is often made using a commercial cake mix but with unusual additions such as condensed milk.^[13] It can also be made from scratch using flour.^[14] The most common flavor is yellow cake with chocolate icing but other flavors such as coconut, fig, strawberry, lemon, and orange are also common. Known simply as the Smith Island cake, the dessert is baked for any occasion and not reserved only for holidays.^[15]

Smith Island cake is also baked as the feature prize for a local fundraising tradition called a cake walk, which is a game played like musical chairs where donated cakes serve as the prize. Great attention is paid to the perfection of the pencil-thin layers that form the distinctive cake.^[16] Before each round, the prize Smith Island cake at stake is cut in half and shown to the players who pay to participate in the game. A poorly stacked Smith Island cake may not attract many players and as a result, not raise as much money as a more perfectly executed cake.^[17]

On April 24, 2008, Smith Island cake was designated as the official dessert of the state of Maryland.^[18]

See also

• Island Belle (vessel)
• Fog Point Light
• Solomons Lump Light
• Tangier Island

References

External links

• Official website
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20061229202511/http://www.smithisland.org/access.html Getting to Smith Island]
• Boston Globe Big Picture Photographs

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