| 词条 | Soay, St Kilda | ||||||||
| 释义 |
|coordinates = {{coord|57.83|-8.63|display=inline}} |location_map=Scotland Outer Hebrides |caption=Soay shown within the Outer Hebrides |GridReference=NA064014 |official_name=Soay |celtic name=Soaigh |norse name=so-øy |meaning of name=(Old Norse) "Sheep island" |area= {{convert|99|ha|acre|0|abbr=on}} |area rank= 150= |highest elevation=Cnoc Glas {{convert|378|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} |Population=0 |population rank= |main settlement= |island group=St Kilda |local authority=Outer Hebrides |references=[1][2][3] }} Soay ({{lang-gd|Soaigh}}) is an uninhabited islet in the St Kilda archipelago, Scotland. The name is from Old Norse Seyðoy, meaning "Island of Sheep". The island is part of the St Kilda World Heritage Site and home to a primitive breed of sheep. It is the westernmost point in the United Kingdom, excluding Rockall. GeographySoay lies some {{convert|40|mi}} west-northwest of North Uist in the North Atlantic It is about {{convert|2|km}} north-west of Hirta, from which it is separated by the narrow Sound of Soay, which is only about 500 metres wide. Two sea stacks, Stac Shoaigh (Soay Stac), {{convert|61|m}}, and Stac Biorach, {{convert|73|m}}, lie between. The island covers about {{Convert|96.8|ha|acre}} and reaches a height of {{convert|378|m}}, the cliffs rising sheer from the sea. The island is formed of a breccia of gabbro and dolerites and is a single mountain peak rising from the sea-bed, without Ice-Age erosion.[2] Along with the rest of the archipelago, Soay is owned by the National Trust for Scotland, managed by Scottish Natural Heritage as a nature reserve and is included it the St Kilda World Heritage Site.[4] It is unlikely that this island ever had permanent habitation. Men from Hirta would stay for a few days while gathering wool.[5] WildlifeFeral Soay sheep are a relict population of the first sheep brought to northern Europe around 5000BC. They were kept for their wool, which was plucked, not shorn, and made into tweed.[6] Only occasionally were the sheep killed for meat.[2] When the neighbouring island of Hirta became uninhabited, Soay sheep were introduced there too, and more recently they have become widely kept elsewhere as a livestock animal. Another somewhat less primitive breed, the Boreray, lives on another island in the group. The island's cliffs hold breeding colonies of many seabirds, including gannet, fulmar, storm petrel, Manx shearwater, razorbill, great skua, Leach's petrel and puffin. GallerySee also
Footnotes1. ^2001 UK Census per List of islands of Scotland {{commons category|Soay, St Kilda|Soay}}{{St Kilda}}{{Hebrides}}{{coord|57|49|44|N|8|38|0|W|display=title|region:GB_type:isle}}2. ^1 2 {{Haswell-Smith}} 3. ^Ordnance Survey 4. ^{{cite web| title=World Heritage Sites Protected Areas Programme - St Kilda| publisher=| url=http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/stkilda.html| accessdate=2007-07-22 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070705053252/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/stkilda.html |archivedate = 2007-07-05|deadurl=yes}} 5. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.scottish-places.info/features/featurefirst1951.html | title= Soay Overview| publisher=Gazetteer for Scotland| accessdate=2007-07-22}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Haswell-Smith|first=Hamish|title=The Scottish Islands|year=1996|publisher=Canongate|isbn=0-86241-579-9|page=267}} 3 : Uninhabited islands of the Outer Hebrides|St Kilda, Scotland|Seabird colonies |
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