| 词条 | Social disintegration |
| 释义 |
Social disintegration is the tendency for society to decline or disintegrate over time, perhaps{{or|date=June 2013}} due to the lapse or breakdown of traditional social support systems. In this context, "society" refers to the social order which maintains a society, rather than the political order that defines its boundaries. Society in the sociological sense is not the same as a country. Integration and disintegrationThe theoretical origins of this idea lie with Émile Durkheim and Ferdinand Tönnies. In the work of both researchers, one can see a division into two types of social integration, corresponding to two historical phases:
DebateThose who espouse social disintegration beliefs{{who|date=June 2013}} tend to doubt the integrative capacity of organic solidarity, claiming that if it is not based on primordial ties and relationships, it is fabricated. On the other hand, optimists{{which|date=June 2013}} might argue that new complex forms of integration can emerge, for example through new communal forms of identity formation or through economic interdependence. There is also social disintegration that is attributable to economic integration.[1]) See also{{Portal|Sociology}}
Footnotes1. ^{{cite book| last = Munck| first = Ronaldo| authorlink = Ronaldo Munck| title = Globalization And Social Exclusion: A Transformationalist Perspective| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ySl1zBVmeDoC| accessdate = 2013-06-27 | year = 2005| publisher = Kumarian Press| isbn = 9781565491922| page = 41| quote = It is an apparent paradox of globalization that the increasing global economic integration that it creates leads more to social disintegration rather than to social integration. Economic organizations become more 'disembedded' from social relations and the welfare safety nets that once prevented social disintegration become less effective or token only. This is similar to the process Polanyi described for the Industrial Revolution that led to 'an avalanche of social dislocation.... This catastrophe was the accompaniment of a vast movement of economic improvement' (Polyani 1957, 40).}} References
| last = Tainter | first = Joseph | authorlink = Joseph Tainter | title = The Collapse of Complex Societies | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YdW5wSPJXIoC | accessdate = 2013-06-27 | series = New Studies in Archaeology | origyear = 1988 | year = 1990 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 9780521386739 }} 2 : Sociological terminology|Community |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。