| 词条 | Miķeļbāka |
| 释义 |
| name = Miķeļbāka Lightouse | image_name = Miķeļbāka.JPG | caption = Miķeļbāka | location = Miķeļtornis Tārgale parish Ventspils Municipality Latvia | coordinates = {{coord|57|35|59|N|21|58|28|E|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | pushpin_map = Latvia | pushpin = lighthouse |pushpin_map_caption=Latvia | yearbuilt = 1885 (first) | yearlit = 1957 (current) | automated = | yeardeactivated = | foundation = | construction = concrete tower | shape = cylindrical tower with double balcony and lantern | marking = white tower, red lantern roof and rail | height = {{convert|56|m}} | focalheight ={{convert|59|m}} | currentlens = | intensity = | range = {{convert|19|nmi}} | characteristic = Fl (2) W 6s. | lens = | fogsignal = | racon = | admiralty = C3476 | canada = | NGA =12196 | ARLHS = LAT-010 | country =Latvia | countrynumber =UZ-470[1] }} Miķeļbāka or Miķeļtornis is the tallest lighthouse in Latvia. It is located in the village of Miķeļtornis, Tārgale parish, Ventspils Municipality; about {{convert|34|km}} northeast of Ventspils. "Mikelbaka" meaningLegends date the name "Mikelbaka" to 1749, when the coast was surveyed by Mikhail Ryabinin, a Russian midshipman. After a period, the name was changed to the Latvian "Mikelis”. At {{convert|56|m}} it is the tallest lighthouse tower in the Baltic States. HistoryThe first tower was completed in 1884 – a cylindrical {{convert|55|m}} tall brick structure, that—at the time—was the tallest lighthouse in Latvia. An electric light source was installed and supplied with electricity from a power plant in a nearby building. In the early 20th century, cracks began to appear in the tower as still seen today. World War IIn 1915 the light source and the generator were transported to Russia. During Germany's occupation of Latvia, they installed an acetylene light source. During WWI, the lighthouse was shelled by artillery. The original lighthouse was patched up, but it had to be demolished in 1932. Latvian independence (1918–1940)In 1932, a temporary wooden tower, almost as high as the original, was built. The tower was finished in September 1934. A German optical device – a {{convert|1.76|m}} tall, fixed belt lens – was installed in the new wooden tower. The light source was a Swedish-made, acetylene device. Depending on the distance, the light was either green or white. Soviet timesIn 1941, during its retreat, the Red Army blew up the wooden lighthouse to keep it out of German hands. In 1946, a {{convert|30|m}} tall temporary tower was built. Present dayThe present-day Miķeļbāka lighthouse was built in 1957, documented in the sign above its front door. Two hundred and ninety-three steps lead to the top of the lighthouse, offering a view overlooking the surrounding Kurzeme coast of the Baltic Sea and a lighthouse on the Syrve Peninsula of Saaremaa that can be seen in fine weather at a distance of {{convert|35|km}}. The current tower is {{convert|56|m}} high, the beacon having a focal height of {{convert|59|m}} above sea level, making it the tallest in the Baltic States. See also{{stack|{{Portal|Latvia}}}}
References1. ^{{cite rowlett|lva}} External links{{Commonscat}}
8 : Lighthouses completed in 1884|Towers completed in 1884|Towers completed in 1932|Towers completed in 1946|Lighthouses completed in 1957|Towers completed in 1957|Resort architecture in Latvia|Lighthouses in Latvia |
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