词条 | Module:IPA symbol/sandbox/data |
释义 | local data = { sounds = {}, diacritics = {}, univPatterns = { { pat = "g", -- Latin Small Letter G rep = "ɡ" -- Latin Small Letter Script G }, { pat = "ᵍ", -- Modifier Letter Small G rep = "ᶢ" -- Modifier Letter Small Script G }, { pat = "l̴", -- 'l' + Combining Tilde Overlay rep = "ɫ" -- Latin Small Letter L with Middle Tilde }, { pat = "ˁ", -- Modifier Letter Reversed Glottal Stop rep = "ˤ" -- Modifier Letter Small Reversed Glottal Stop }, { pat = "’", -- Right Single Quotation Mark rep = "ʼ" -- Modifier Letter Apostrophe }, { pat = "ȷ", -- Latin Small Letter Dotless J rep = "j" -- Latin Small Letter J }, { pat = "ʇ", -- Latin Small Letter Turned T rep = "ǀ" -- Latin Letter Dental Click }, { pat = "[!ʗ]", -- Exclamation Mark / Latin Letter Stretched C rep = "ǃ" -- Latin Letter Retroflex Click }, { pat = "ǃǃ", -- Latin Letter Retroflex Click x 2 rep = "‼" -- Double Exclamation Mark }, { pat = "ʖ", -- Latin Letter Inverted Glottal Stop rep = "ǁ" -- Latin Letter Lateral Click }, }, keyPatterns = { -- These do not affect the revese look for diacritics { pat = "[͜͡ːˑ◌]", -- Tie bars, length marks, dotted circle rep = ""
}, { pat = "ᵏ", -- Modifier Letter Small K rep = "k" -- Latin Small Letter K }, { pat = "ᶢ", -- Modifier Letter Small Script G rep = "ɡ" -- Latin Small Letter Script G }, { pat = "ᵑ", -- Modifier Letter Small Eng rep = "ŋ" -- Latin Small Letter Eng }, } } local rawData = { sounds = { -- PULMONIC CONSONANTS -- Nasals { name = "Voiceless bilabial nasal", symbols = { "m̥" }, }, { name = "Bilabial nasal", symbols = { "m" }, audio = "Bilabial nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Labiodental nasal", symbols = { "ɱ" }, audio = "Labiodental nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Linguolabial nasal", symbols = { "n̼" }, audio = "Linguolabial nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Dental nasal", symbols = { "n̪" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar nasal", symbols = { "n̥" }, }, { name = "Alveolar nasal", symbols = { "n" }, audio = "Alveolar nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Postalveolar nasal", symbols = { "n̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex nasal", symbols = { "ɳ̊", "ɳ̥" }, }, { name = "Retroflex nasal", symbols = { "ɳ" }, audio = "Retroflex nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal nasal", symbols = { "n̠̊ʲ", "ɲ̊˖", "ɲ̟̊", "ȵ̊" }, }, { name = "Alveolo-palatal nasal", symbols = { "n̠ʲ", "ɲ˖", "ɲ̟", "ȵ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palatal nasal", symbols = { "ɲ̊", "ɲ̥" }, }, { name = "Palatal nasal", symbols = { "ɲ" }, audio = "Palatal nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Post-palatal nasal", symbols = { "ɲ˗", "ɲ̠", "ŋ˖", "ŋ̟" }, }, { name = "Voiceless velar nasal", symbols = { "ŋ̊", "ŋ̥" }, }, { name = "Velar nasal", symbols = { "ŋ" }, audio = "Velar nasal.ogg" }, { name = "Pre-uvular nasal", symbols = { "ɴ̟", "ŋ˗", "ŋ̠" }, }, { name = "Uvular nasal", symbols = { "ɴ" }, audio = "Uvular nasal.ogg" }, -- Stops { name = "Voiceless bilabial stop", symbols = { "p" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced bilabial stop", symbols = { "b" }, audio = "Voiced bilabial plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless labiodental stop", symbols = { "p̪", "p͆" }, }, { name = "Voiced labiodental stop", symbols = { "b̪" }, }, { name = "Voiceless linguolabial stop", symbols = { "t̼" }, }, { name = "Voiced linguolabial stop", symbols = { "d̼" }, }, { name = "Voiceless dental stop", symbols = { "t̪" }, audio = "Voiceless dental stop.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced dental stop", symbols = { "d̪" }, audio = "Voiced dental stop.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar stop", symbols = { "t" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar stop", symbols = { "d" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless postalveolar stop", symbols = { "t̠" }, }, { name = "Voiced postalveolar stop", symbols = { "d̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex stop", symbols = { "ʈ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex stop.oga" }, { name = "Voiced retroflex stop", symbols = { "ɖ" }, audio = "Voiced retroflex stop.oga" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal stop", symbols = { "t̠ʲ", "c̟", "ȶ" }, }, { name = "Voiced alveolo-palatal stop", symbols = { "d̠ʲ", "ɟ˖", "ɟ̟", "ȡ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palatal stop", symbols = { "c" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced palatal stop", symbols = { "ɟ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless post-palatal stop", symbols = { "c̠", "k̟" }, }, { name = "Voiced post-palatal stop", symbols = { "ɟ˗", "ɟ̠", "ɡ˖", "ɡ̟" }, }, { name = "Voiceless velar stop", symbols = { "k" }, audio = "Voiceless velar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced velar stop", symbols = { "ɡ" }, audio = "Voiced velar plosive 02.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless pre-uvular stop", symbols = { "q˖", "q̟", "k̠" }, }, { name = "Voiced pre-uvular stop", symbols = { "ɢ̟", "ɡ˗", "ɡ̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless uvular stop", symbols = { "q" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced uvular stop", symbols = { "ɢ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular stop.oga" }, { name = "Epiglottal stop", symbols = { "ʡ" }, audio = "Epiglottal stop.ogg" }, { name = "Glottal stop", symbols = { "ʔ" }, audio = "Glottal stop.ogg" }, -- Affricates { name = "Voiceless bilabial affricate", symbols = { "pɸ" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced bilabial affricate", symbols = { "bβ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless labiodental affricate", symbols = { "p̪f", "p͆f", "pf" }, audio = "Voiceless labiodental affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced labiodental affricate", symbols = { "b̪v", "bv" }, audio = "Voiced labiodental affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless dental affricate", symbols = { "t̪s̪", "ts̪", "t̟s̟", "ts̟" }, audio = "Voiceless dental sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "Voiced dental affricate", symbols = { "d̪z̪", "dz̪", "d̟z̟", "dz̟" }, audio = "Voiced dental sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "Voiceless dental non-sibilant affricate", symbols = { "t̪θ", "t̟θ", "tθ" }, audio = "Voiceless dental non-sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "Voiced dental non-sibilant affricate", symbols = { "d̪ð", "d̟ð", "dð" }, audio = "Voiced dental non-sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar affricate", symbols = { "ts", "ʦ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar affricate", symbols = { "dz", "ʣ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar sibilant affricate.oga" }, { name = "Voiceless apico-alveolar affricate", symbols = { "t̺s̺", "ts̺", "t̠s̠", "ts̠" }, }, { name = "Voiced apico-alveolar affricate", symbols = { "d̺z̺", "dz̺", "d̠z̠", "dz̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant affricate", symbols = { "tɹ̝̊", "tɹ̥", "tθ̠", "tθ͇" }, }, { name = "Voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate", symbols = { "dɹ̝", "dɹ", "dð̠", "dð̳" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate", symbols = { "t̠ʃ", "tʃ", "ʧ" }, audio = "Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced palato-alveolar affricate", symbols = { "d̠ʒ", "dʒ", "ʤ" }, audio = "Voiced palato-alveolar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant affricate", symbols = { "t̠ɹ̠̊˔", "tɹ̠̊˔", "tɹ̝̊˗", "t̠ɹ̝̊˗", "t̠ɹ̠̊", "tɹ̠̊" }, audio = "Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant affricate", symbols = { "d̠ɹ̠˔", "dɹ̠˔", "dɹ̝˗", "d̠ɹ̝˗", "d̠ɹ̠", "dɹ̠" }, audio = "Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex affricate", symbols = { "ʈʂ", "tʂ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced retroflex affricate", symbols = { "ɖʐ", "dʐ" }, audio = "Voiced retroflex affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate", symbols = { "t̠ɕ", "tɕ", "cɕ", "ʨ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate", symbols = { "d̠ʑ", "dʑ", "ɟʑ", "ʥ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless palatal affricate", symbols = { "cç" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced palatal affricate", symbols = { "ɟʝ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless post-palatal affricate", symbols = { "c̠ç˗", "cç˗", "c̠ç̠", "cç̠", "k̟x̟", "kx̟" }, }, { name = "Voiced post-palatal affricate", symbols = { "ɟ˗ʝ˗", "ɟʝ˗", "ɟ̠ʝ̠", "ɟʝ̠", "ɡ˖ɣ˖", "ɡɣ˖", "ɡ̟ɣ̟", "ɡɣ̟" }, }, { name = "Voiceless velar affricate", symbols = { "kx" }, audio = "Voiceless velar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced velar affricate", symbols = { "ɡɣ" }, audio = "Voiced velar affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless pre-uvular affricate", symbols = { "q˖χ˖", "qχ˖", "q̟χ̟", "qχ̟", "k̠x̠", "kx̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless uvular affricate", symbols = { "qχ" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced uvular affricate", symbols = { "ɢʁ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless pharyngeal affricate", symbols = { "ʡħ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless epiglottal affricate", symbols = { "ʡʜ" }, audio = "Voiceless epiglottal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced epiglottal affricate", symbols = { "ʡʢ" }, audio = "Voiced epiglottal affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless glottal affricate", symbols = { "ʔh" }, audio = "Voiceless glottal affricate.ogg" }, -- Fricatives { name = "Voiceless bilabial fricative", symbols = { "ɸ" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced bilabial fricative", symbols = { "β" }, audio = "Voiced bilabial fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless labiodental fricative", symbols = { "f" }, audio = "Voiceless labiodental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced labiodental fricative", symbols = { "v" }, audio = "Voiced labiodental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless linguolabial fricative", symbols = { "θ̼" }, }, { name = "Voiced linguolabial fricative", symbols = { "ð̼" }, }, { name = "Voiceless dental fricative", symbols = { "θ" }, audio = "Voiceless dental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced dental fricative", symbols = { "ð" }, audio = "Voiced dental fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless dental sibilant", symbols = { "s̪" }, }, { name = "Voiced dental sibilant", symbols = { "z̪" }, }, { name = "Voiceless denti-alveolar sibilant", symbols = { "s̻̪", "s̪̻", "s̻͆", "s̟" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar sibilant", symbols = { "s" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar sibilant", symbols = { "z" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless apico-alveolar sibilant", symbols = { "s̺", "s̠" }, }, { name = "Voiced apico-alveolar sibilant", symbols = { "z̺", "z̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative", symbols = { "θ̠", "θ͇", "ɹ̝̊" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative", symbols = { "ð̠", "ð̳", "ɹ̝" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar tapped fricative", symbols = { "ɾ̞̊" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar tapped fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar tapped fricative", symbols = { "ɾ̞" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar tapped fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative", symbols = { "ʃ" }, audio = "Voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced palato-alveolar fricative", symbols = { "ʒ" }, audio = "Voiced palato-alveolar sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative", symbols = { "ɹ̠̊˔", "ɹ̝̊˗" }, audio = "Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant fricative", symbols = { "ɹ̠˔", "ɹ̝˗" }, audio = "Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex fricative", symbols = { "ʂ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced retroflex fricative", symbols = { "ʐ" }, audio = "Voiced retroflex sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced retroflex non-sibilant fricative", symbols = { "ɻ̝", "ɻ˔" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative", symbols = { "ɕ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative", symbols = { "ʑ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless palatal fricative", symbols = { "ç" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced palatal fricative", symbols = { "ʝ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless post-palatal fricative", symbols = { "ç˗", "ç̠", "x̟" }, }, { name = "Voiced post-palatal fricative", symbols = { "ʝ˗", "ʝ̠", "ɣ˖", "ɣ̟" }, }, { name = "Voiceless velar fricative", symbols = { "x" }, audio = "Voiceless velar fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced velar fricative", symbols = { "ɣ" }, audio = "Voiced velar fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless pre-uvular fricative", symbols = { "χ˖", "χ̟", "x̠" }, }, { name = "Voiced pre-uvular fricative", symbols = { "ʁ̟", "ɣ˗", "ɣ̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless uvular fricative", symbols = { "χ" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced uvular fricative", symbols = { "ʁ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless pharyngeal fricative", symbols = { "ħ" }, audio = "Voiceless pharyngeal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced pharyngeal fricative", symbols = { "ʕ" }, audio = "Voiced pharyngeal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless glottal fricative", symbols = { "h" }, audio = "Voiceless glottal fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced glottal fricative", symbols = { "ɦ" }, audio = "Voiced glottal fricative.ogg" }, -- Approximants { name = "Voiceless bilabial approximant", symbols = { "β̞̊", "β̥˕" }, }, { name = "Bilabial approximant", symbols = { "β̞" }, audio = "Bilabial approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless labiodental approximant", symbols = { "ʋ̥", "f̞" }, }, { name = "Labiodental approximant", symbols = { "ʋ" }, audio = "Labiodental approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless dental approximant", symbols = { "θ̞" }, }, { name = "Dental approximant", symbols = { "ð̞" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar approximant", symbols = { "ɹ̥" }, }, { name = "Alveolar approximant", symbols = { "ɹ" }, audio = "Alveolar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Postalveolar approximant", symbols = { "ɹ̠" }, audio = "Postalveolar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex approximant", symbols = { "ɻ̊" }, }, { name = "Retroflex approximant", symbols = { "ɻ" }, audio = "Retroflex approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless palatal approximant", symbols = { "j̊" }, }, { name = "Palatal approximant", symbols = { "j", "ʝ˕", "ʝ̞" }, audio = "Palatal approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Post-palatal approximant", symbols = { "j˗", "j̠", "ɰ̟", "ɰ˖", "ʝ˕˗", "ʝ˗˕", "ʝ̞˗", "ɣ˕˖", "ɣ˖˕", "ɣ̞˖" }, audio = "Post-palatal approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless velar approximant", symbols = { "ɰ̊", "x̞", "ɣ̊˕", "ɣ̞̊" }, }, { name = "Velar approximant", symbols = { "ɰ", "ɣ˕", "ɣ̞" }, audio = "Voiced velar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular approximant", symbols = { "ʁ̞" }, }, { name = "Pharyngeal approximant", symbols = { "ʕ̞" }, }, { name = "Epiglottal approximant", symbols = { "ʢ̞" }, }, { name = "Creaky-voiced glottal approximant", symbols = { "ʔ̞", "ʔ̰" }, }, -- Taps/flaps { name = "Bilabial flap", symbols = { "ⱱ̟" }, }, { name = "Labiodental flap", symbols = { "ⱱ" }, audio = "Labiodental flap.ogg" }, { name = "Linguolabial tap", symbols = { "ɾ̼" }, }, { name = "Dental flap", symbols = { "ɾ̪" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar flap", symbols = { "ɾ̥" }, }, { name = "Alveolar flap", symbols = { "ɾ" }, audio = "Alveolar tap.ogg" }, { name = "Postalveolar flap", symbols = { "ɾ̠" }, }, { name = "Alveolar nasal flap", symbols = { "ɾ̃", "n̆" }, }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex flap", symbols = { "ɽ̊" }, }, { name = "Retroflex flap", symbols = { "ɽ" }, audio = "Retroflex flap.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular flap", symbols = { "ɢ̆", "ʀ̆" }, }, { name = "Epiglottal flap", symbols = { "ʡ̆", "ʕ̆" }, audio = "Epiglottal flap.oga" }, -- Trills { name = "Voiceless bilabial trill", symbols = { "ʙ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless bilabial trill with aspiration.ogg" }, { name = "Bilabial trill", symbols = { "ʙ" }, audio = "Bilabial trill.ogg" }, { name = "Linguolabial trill", symbols = { "r̼" }, audio = "Linguolabial trill.ogg" }, { name = "Dental trill", symbols = { "r̪" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar trill", symbols = { "r̥" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar trill.ogg" }, { name = "Alveolar trill", symbols = { "r" }, audio = "Alveolar trill.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar fricative trill", symbols = { "r̝̊" }, }, { name = "Voiced alveolar fricative trill", symbols = { "r̝" }, audio = "Raised alveolar non-sonorant trill.ogg" }, { name = "Postalveolar trill", symbols = { "r̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex trill", symbols = { "ɽ̊ɽ̊", "ɽ̊r̥", "ɽr̥" }, }, { name = "Retroflex trill", symbols = { "ɽɽ", "ɽr" }, }, { name = "Voiceless pre-uvular fricative trill", symbols = { "ʀ̝̊˖", "ʀ̟̊˔" }, }, { name = "Voiced pre-uvular fricative trill", symbols = { "ʀ̝˖", "ʀ̟˔" }, }, { name = "Voiceless uvular trill", symbols = { "ʀ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless uvular trill.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular trill", symbols = { "ʀ" }, audio = "Uvular trill.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless uvular fricative trill", symbols = { "ʀ̝̊" }, }, { name = "Voiced uvular fricative trill", symbols = { "ʀ̝" }, }, { name = "Voiceless epiglottal trill", symbols = { "ʜ" }, audio = "Voiceless epiglottal trill.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced epiglottal trill", symbols = { "ʢ" }, audio = "Voiced epiglottal fricative.ogg" }, -- Lateral affricates { name = "Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate", symbols = { "tɬ", "ƛ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar lateral affricate", symbols = { "dɮ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex lateral affricate", symbols = { "ʈɭ̊˔","ʈɭ̊" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palatal lateral affricate", symbols = { "cʎ̝̊", "cʎ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless velar lateral affricate", symbols = { "kʟ̝̊", "kʟ̥" }, audio = "Voiceless velar lateral affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced velar lateral affricate", symbols = { "ɡʟ̝", "ɡʟ" }, audio = "Voiced velar lateral affricate.ogg" }, -- Lateral fricatives { name = "Voiceless dental lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɬ̪" }, }, { name = "Voiced dental lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɮ̪", "ɮ͆" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɬ" }, audio = "Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɮ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɭ̊˔", "ꞎ" }, audio = "Voiceless retroflex lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced retroflex lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɭ˔" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal lateral fricative", symbols = { "ɬ̠ʲ", "ʎ̝̊˖", "ȴ̊˔" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palatal lateral fricative", symbols = { "ʎ̝̊" }, audio = "Voiceless palatal lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced palatal lateral fricative", symbols = { "ʎ̝" }, }, { name = "Voiceless velar lateral fricative", symbols = { "ʟ̝̊" }, audio = "Voiceless velar lateral fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced velar lateral fricative", symbols = { "ʟ̝" }, audio = "Voiced velar lateral fricative.ogg" }, -- Lateral approximants { name = "Dental lateral approximant", symbols = { "l̪" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar lateral approximant", symbols = { "l̥" }, }, { name = "Alveolar lateral approximant", symbols = { "l" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Postalveolar lateral approximant", symbols = { "l̠" }, }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex lateral approximant", symbols = { "ɭ̊" }, }, { name = "Retroflex lateral approximant", symbols = { "ɭ" }, audio = "Retroflex lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolo-palatal lateral approximant", symbols = { "l̠̊ʲ", "ʎ̟̊", "ȴ̊" }, }, { name = "Alveolo-palatal lateral approximant", symbols = { "l̠ʲ", "ʎ̟", "ȴ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palatal lateral approximant", symbols = { "ʎ̥" }, }, { name = "Palatal lateral approximant", symbols = { "ʎ" }, audio = "Palatal lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless velar lateral approximant", symbols = { "ʟ̥" }, }, { name = "Velar lateral approximant", symbols = { "ʟ" }, audio = "Velar lateral approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular lateral approximant", symbols = { "ʟ̠" }, audio = "Uvular lateral approximant.ogg" }, -- Lateral taps/flaps { name = "Alveolar lateral flap", symbols = { "ɺ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral flap.ogg" }, { name = "Retroflex lateral flap", symbols = { "ɭ̆" }, }, { name = "Palatal lateral flap", symbols = { "ʎ̆" }, }, { name = "Velar lateral tap", symbols = { "ʟ̆" }, }, -- NON-PULMONIC CONSONANTS -- Ejective stops { name = "Bilabial ejective", symbols = { "pʼ" }, audio = "Bilabial ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Dental ejective", symbols = { "t̪ʼ" }, }, { name = "Alveolar ejective", symbols = { "tʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Retroflex ejective", symbols = { "ʈʼ" }, audio = "Retroflex ejective.ogg" }, { name = "Palatal ejective", symbols = { "cʼ" }, audio = "Palatal ejective.ogg" }, { name = "Velar ejective", symbols = { "kʼ" }, audio = "Velar ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular ejective", symbols = { "qʼ" }, audio = "Uvular ejective plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Epiglottal ejective", symbols = { "ʡʼ" }, audio = "Epiglottal ejective.ogg" }, -- Ejective affricates { name = "Dental ejective affricate", symbols = { "t̪θʼ", "t̟θʼ", "tθʼ" }, audio = "Dental ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Alveolar ejective affricate", symbols = { "tsʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Palato-alveolar ejective affricate", symbols = { "t̠ʃʼ", "tʃʼ" }, audio = "Palato-alveolar ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Retroflex ejective affricate", symbols = { "ʈʂʼ", "tʂʼ" }, audio = "Retroflex ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Alveolo-palatal ejective affricate", symbols = { "t̠ɕʼ", "tɕʼ", "cɕʼ" }, }, { name = "Palatal ejective affricate", symbols = { "cçʼ" }, audio = "Palatal ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Velar ejective affricate", symbols = { "kxʼ" }, audio = "Velar ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular ejective affricate", symbols = { "qχʼ" }, audio = "Uvular ejective affricate.ogg" }, -- Ejective fricatives { name = "Bilabial ejective fricative", symbols = { "ɸʼ" }, }, { name = "Labiodental ejective fricative", symbols = { "fʼ" }, audio = "Labiodental ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Dental ejective fricative", symbols = { "θʼ" }, audio = "Dental ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Alveolar ejective fricative", symbols = { "sʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Palato-alveolar ejective fricative", symbols = { "ʃʼ" }, audio = "Palato-alveolar ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Retroflex ejective fricative", symbols = { "ʂʼ" }, audio = "Retroflex ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Alveolo-palatal ejective fricative", symbols = { "ɕʼ" }, audio = "Alveolo-palatal ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Palatal ejective fricative", symbols = { "çʼ" }, audio = "Palatal ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Velar ejective fricative", symbols = { "xʼ" }, audio = "Velar ejective fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular ejective fricative", symbols = { "χʼ" }, audio = "Uvular ejective fricative.ogg" }, -- Lateral ejective affricates { name = "Alveolar lateral ejective affricate", symbols = { "tɬʼ", "ƛʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Palatal lateral ejective affricate", symbols = { "cʎ̝̊ʼ", "cʎ̥ʼ" }, audio = "Palatal lateral ejective affricate.ogg" }, { name = "Velar lateral ejective affricate", symbols = { "kʟ̝̊ʼ", "kʟ̥ʼ" }, audio = "Velar lateral ejective affricate.ogg" }, -- Lateral ejective fricatives { name = "Alveolar lateral ejective fricative", symbols = { "ɬʼ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral ejective fricative.ogg" }, -- Tenuis clicks { name = "Tenuis bilabial click", symbols = { "ʘ", "kʘ" }, audio = "Clic bilabial sourd.ogg" }, { name = "Tenuis dental click", symbols = { "ǀ", "kǀ" }, audio = "Dental click.ogg" }, { name = "Tenuis alveolar click", symbols = { "ǃ", "kǃ" }, audio = "Postalveolar click.ogg" }, { name = "Tenuis palatal click", symbols = { "ǂ", "kǂ" }, audio = "Palatoalveolar click.ogg" }, { name = "Back-released velar click", symbols = { "ʞ" }, }, -- Voiced clicks { name = "Voiced bilabial click", symbols = { "ʘ̬", "ɡʘ" }, }, { name = "Voiced dental click", symbols = { "ǀ̬", "ɡǀ" }, }, { name = "Voiced alveolar click", symbols = { "ǃ̬", "ɡǃ" }, }, { name = "Tenuis retroflex click", symbols = { "‼" }, }, { name = "Voiced palatal click", symbols = { "ǂ̬", "ɡǂ" }, }, { name = "Voiced retroflex click", symbols = { "‼̬", "ɡ‼" }, }, -- Nasal clicks { name = "Bilabial nasal click", symbols = { "ʘ̃", "ŋʘ" }, }, { name = "Dental nasal click", symbols = { "ǀ̃", "ŋǀ" }, }, { name = "Alveolar nasal click", symbols = { "ǃ̃", "ŋǃ" }, audio = "Intervocalic nasal alveolar clicks.ogg" }, { name = "Palatal nasal click", symbols = { "ǂ̃", "ŋǂ" }, }, { name = "Retroflex nasal click", symbols = { "‼̃", "ŋ‼" }, }, -- Lateral clicks { name = "Tenuis alveolar lateral click", symbols = { "ǁ", "kǁ" }, audio = "Alveolar lateral click.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced alveolar lateral click", symbols = { "ǁ̬", "ɡǁ" }, }, -- Lateral nasal clicks { name = "Alveolar lateral nasal click", symbols = { "ǁ̃", "ŋǁ" }, }, -- Glottalized clicks { name = "Glottalized bilabial nasal click", symbols = { "ʘ̃ˀ", "ʘˀ", "ŋ̊ʘˀ", "ŋʘˀ" }, }, { name = "Glottalized dental nasal click", symbols = { "ǀ̃ˀ", "ǀˀ", "ŋ̊ǀˀ", "ŋǀˀ" }, }, { name = "Glottalized alveolar nasal click", symbols = { "ǃ̃ˀ", "ǃˀ", "ŋ̊ǃˀ", "ŋǃˀ" }, }, { name = "Glottalized retroflex nasal click", symbols = { "‼̃ˀ", "‼ˀ", "ŋ‼ˀ", "ŋ̊‼ˀ" }, }, { name = "Glottalized palatal nasal click", symbols = { "ǂ̃ˀ", "ǂˀ", "ŋ̊ǂˀ", "ŋǂˀ" }, }, { name = "Glottalized alveolar lateral nasal click", symbols = { "ǁ̃ˀ", "ǁˀ", "ŋ̊ǁˀ", "ŋǁˀ" }, }, -- Implosives { name = "Voiceless bilabial implosive", symbols = { "ɓ̥", "ƥ" }, }, { name = "Voiced bilabial implosive", symbols = { "ɓ" }, audio = "Voiced bilabial implosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar implosive", symbols = { "ɗ̥", "ƭ" }, }, { name = "Voiced alveolar implosive", symbols = { "ɗ" }, audio = "Voiced alveolar implosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless retroflex implosive", symbols = { "ᶑ̥", "ᶑ̊" }, }, { name = "Voiced retroflex implosive", symbols = { "ᶑ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless palatal implosive", symbols = { "ʄ̥", "ʄ̊", "ƈ" }, }, { name = "Voiced palatal implosive", symbols = { "ʄ" }, audio = "Voiced palatal implosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless velar implosive", symbols = { "ɠ̊", "ƙ" }, }, { name = "Voiced velar implosive", symbols = { "ɠ" }, audio = "Voiced velar implosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless uvular implosive", symbols = { "ʛ̥", "ʠ" }, }, { name = "Voiced uvular implosive", symbols = { "ʛ" }, audio = "Voiced uvular implosive.ogg" }, -- CO-ARTICULATED CONSONANTS -- Co-articulated nasals { name = "Labial–alveolar nasal", symbols = { "nm" }, article = "Labial–coronal consonant", }, { name = "Labial–velar nasal", symbols = { "ŋm" }, audio = "Labial-velar nasal stop.ogg" }, -- Co-articulated stops { name = "Voiceless labial–alveolar stop", symbols = { "tp" }, article = "Labial–coronal consonant", }, { name = "Voiced labial–alveolar stop", symbols = { "db" }, article = "Labial–coronal consonant", }, { name = "Voiceless labial–velar stop", symbols = { "kp" }, audio = "Voiceless labial-velar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced labial–velar stop", symbols = { "ɡb" }, audio = "Voiced labial-velar plosive.ogg" }, { name = "Uvular–epiglottal stop", symbols = { "qʡ" }, article = "Uvular–epiglottal consonant", }, -- Co-articulated fricatives { name = "Sj-sound", symbols = { "ɧ" }, audio = "Voiceless dorso-palatal velar fricative.ogg" }, -- Co-articulated approximants { name = "Voiceless labialized palatal approximant", symbols = { "ɥ̊" }, }, { name = "Labialized palatal approximant", symbols = { "ɥ" }, audio = "Labial-palatal approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Voiceless labialized velar approximant", symbols = { "ʍ", "w̥", "hw" }, audio = "Voiceless labio-velar fricative.ogg" }, { name = "Voiced labial–velar approximant", symbols = { "w" }, audio = "Voiced labio-velar approximant.ogg" }, { name = "Compressed voiced labio-velar approximant", symbols = { "wᵝ", "ɰᵝ" }, article = "Voiced labio-velar approximant", }, -- Co-articulated lateral approximants { name = "Velarized dental lateral approximant", symbols = { "ɫ̪", "l̪ˠ" }, }, { name = "Velarized alveolar lateral approximant", symbols = { "ɫ", "lˠ" }, audio = "Velarized alveolar lateral approximant.ogg" }, -- Nasal approximants { name = "Nasal palatal approximant", symbols = { "j̃" }, }, { name = "Nasal labialized velar approximant", symbols = { "w̃" }, }, { name = "Voiceless nasal glottal approximant", symbols = { "h̃" }, }, -- VOWELS -- Close vowels { name = "Close front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "i" }, audio = "Close front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close front rounded vowel", symbols = { "y" }, audio = "Close front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close front compressed vowel", symbols = { "y͍", "iᵝ" }, audio = "Close front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close front protruded vowel", symbols = { "y̫", "yʷ", "iʷ" }, }, { name = "Close central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɨ", "ï" }, audio = "Close central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ʉ", "ü" }, audio = "Close central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close central protruded vowel", symbols = { "ʉ̫", "ʉʷ", "ɨʷ" }, audio = "Close central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close central compressed vowel", symbols = { "ÿ", "ɨᵝ" }, }, { name = "Close back unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɯ" }, audio = "Close back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close back rounded vowel", symbols = { "u" }, audio = "Close back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close back protruded vowel", symbols = { "u̫", "uʷ", "ɯʷ" }, audio = "Close back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close back compressed vowel", symbols = { "u͍", "ɯᵝ" }, audio = "Ja-U.oga" }, -- Near-close vowels { name = "Near-close front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɪ", "ɪ̟", "i̞", "e̝" }, audio = "Near-close near-front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close front rounded vowel", symbols = { "ʏ", "y̞", "y˕", "ø̝" }, audio = "Near-close near-front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close front compressed vowel", symbols = { "ʏ͍", "ɪᵝ" }, audio = "Near-close near-front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close front protruded vowel", symbols = { "ʏ̫", "ʏʷ", "ɪʷ" }, }, { name = "Near-close central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɪ̈", "ɨ̞", "ɘ̝" }, audio = "Near-close central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ʊ̈", "ʊ̟", "ʉ̞", "ɵ̝" }, }, { name = "Near-close central protruded vowel", symbols = { "ʊ̫̈", "ʉ̫˕", "ʊ̈ʷ", "ʉ̞ʷ", "ɪ̈ʷ", "ɨ̞ʷ" }, }, { name = "Near-close central compressed vowel", symbols = { "ʏ̈", "ɨ̞ᵝ" }, }, { name = "Near-close back unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɯ̞", "ɯ̽" }, audio = "Near-close near-back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close back rounded vowel", symbols = { "ʊ", "u̞", "o̝" }, audio = "Near-close near-back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close back protruded vowel", symbols = { "ʊ̫", "ʊʷ", "ɯ̽ʷ", "ɤ̝̈ʷ", "u̫˕", "u̞ʷ", "ɯ̞ʷ", "ɤ̝ʷ" }, audio = "Near-close near-back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-close back compressed vowel", symbols = { "ʊ͍", "ɯ̽ᵝ", "ɯ̞̈ᵝ", "ɯ̞ᵝ" }, }, -- Close-mid vowels { name = "Close-mid front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "e" }, audio = "Close-mid front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid front rounded vowel", symbols = { "ø" }, audio = "Close-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid front compressed vowel", symbols = { "ø͍", "eᵝ" }, audio = "Close-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid front protruded vowel", symbols = { "ø̫", "øʷ", "eʷ" }, }, { name = "Close-mid central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɘ", "ë", "ɤ̈" }, audio = "Close-mid central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɵ", "ö" }, audio = "Close-mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid central protruded vowel", symbols = { "ɵ̫", "ɵʷ", "ɘʷ" }, audio = "Close-mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid central compressed vowel", symbols = { "ø̈", "ɘᵝ" }, }, { name = "Close-mid back unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɤ" }, audio = "Close-mid back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid back rounded vowel", symbols = { "o" }, audio = "Close-mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid back protruded vowel", symbols = { "o̫", "oʷ", "ɤʷ" }, audio = "Close-mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Close-mid back compressed vowel", symbols = { "o͍", "ɤᵝ" }, }, -- Mid vowels { name = "Mid front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "e̞", "ɛ̝" }, audio = "Mid front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Mid front rounded vowel", symbols = { "ø̞", "œ̝" }, }, { name = "Mid front compressed vowel", symbols = { "ø͍˕", "œ͍˔", "e̞ᵝ", "ɛ̝ᵝ" }, }, { name = "Mid front protruded vowel", symbols = { "ø̫˕", "œ̫˔", "ø̞ʷ", "œ̝ʷ", "e̞ʷ", "ɛ̝ʷ" }, }, { name = "Mid central vowel", symbols = { "ə" }, audio = "Mid-central vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Mid central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ə̜", "ɘ̞", "ɜ̝" }, audio = "Mid-central vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Mid central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ə̹", "ɵ̞", "ɞ̝" }, audio = "Mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Mid back rounded vowel", symbols = { "o̞", "ɔ̝" }, audio = "Mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Mid back unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɤ̞", "ʌ̝" }, }, -- Open-mid vowels { name = "Open-mid front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɛ" }, audio = "Open-mid front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open-mid front rounded vowel", symbols = { "œ" }, audio = "Open-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open-mid front compressed vowel", symbols = { "œ͍", "ɛᵝ" }, audio = "Open-mid front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open-mid front protruded vowel", symbols = { "œ̫", "œʷ", "ɛʷ" }, }, { name = "Open-mid central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɜ", "ɛ̈", "ʌ̈" }, audio = "Open-mid central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open-mid central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɞ" }, audio = "Open-mid central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open-mid back unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ʌ" }, audio = "Open-mid back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open-mid back rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɔ" }, audio = "Open-mid back rounded vowel.ogg" }, -- Near-open vowels { name = "Near-open front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "æ" }, audio = "Near-open front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-open central vowel", symbols = { "ɐ" }, audio = "Near-open central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-open central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɐ̜", "ɜ̞" }, audio = "Near-open central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Near-open central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɐ̹", "ɞ̞" }, }, -- Open vowels { name = "Open front unrounded vowel", symbols = { "a", "æ̞" }, audio = "Open front unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open front rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɶ" }, audio = "Open front rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open central unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ä", "ɑ̈" }, audio = "Open central unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open central vowel", symbols = { "ɐ̞" }, }, { name = "Open central rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɒ̈", "ɶ̈" }, audio = "Open central rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open back unrounded vowel", symbols = { "ɑ" }, audio = "Open back unrounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "Open back rounded vowel", symbols = { "ɒ" }, audio = "Open back rounded vowel.ogg" }, { name = "R-colored vowel", symbols = { "ɚ", "ɝ", "ɹ̩", "ɻ̍" }, audio = "En-us-er.ogg" }, -- SUPRASEGMENTALS { name = "Primary stress", symbols = { "ˈ" }, article = "Stress (linguistics)", }, { name = "Secondary stress", symbols = { "ˌ" }, }, { name = "Minor (foot) group", symbols = { "|" }, article = "Prosodic unit", }, { name = "Major (intonation) group", symbols = { "‖" }, article = "Prosodic unit", }, { name = "Syllable break", symbols = { "." }, article = "Syllable", }, { name = "Linking (absence of a break)", symbols = { "‿" }, article = "Connected speech", }, -- TONES AND WORD ACCENTS { name = "Downstep", symbols = { "ꜜ" }, }, { name = "Upstep", symbols = { "ꜛ" }, }, { name = "Global rise", symbols = { "↗" }, article = "Intonation (linguistics)", }, { name = "Global fall", symbols = { "↘" }, article = "Intonation (linguistics)", }, -- EXTENDED IPA (extIPA) { name = "Bilabial percussive", symbols = { "ʬ" }, }, { name = "Bidental percussive", symbols = { "ʭ" }, }, { name = "Velopharyngeal fricative", symbols = { "ʩ" }, }, { name = "Voiceless alveolar lateral–median fricative", symbols = { "ʪ" }, article = "Lateral release (phonetics)", }, { name = "Voiced alveolar lateral–median fricative", symbols = { "ʫ" }, article = "Lateral release (phonetics)", }, { name = "Ingressive airflow", symbols = { "↓" }, article = "Ingressive sound", }, { name = "Egressive airflow", symbols = { "↑" }, article = "Egressive sound", }, { name = "Apical r", symbols = { "ɹ̺" }, article = "Pronunciation of English /r/", }, { name = "Bunched r", symbols = { "ɹ̈" }, article = "Pronunciation of English /r/", }, { name = "Sublaminal lower alveolar percussive", symbols = { "¡" }, article = "Percussive consonant", }, { name = "Percussive alveolar click", symbols = { "ǃ¡" }, }, { name = "Buccal interdental trill", symbols = { "ↀr̪͆" }, article = "Blowing a raspberry", }, -- NON-IPA { name = "Morphological boundary", symbols = { "#" }, article = "Word stem", }, { name = "Zero", symbols = { "∅" }, article = "Zero (linguistics)", }, }, diacritics = { -- DIACRITICS { name = "Voiceless", symbols = { "̥", "̊", "ḁ", "å", "ů", "ẘ", "ẙ" }, }, { name = "Voiced", symbols = { "̬" }, article = "Voice (phonetics)", }, { name = "Aspirated", symbols = { "ʰ" }, article = "Aspirated consonant", }, { name = "More rounded", symbols = { "̹", "͗", "˒" }, article = "Roundedness", }, { name = "Less rounded", symbols = { "̜", "͑", "˓", "͍" }, article = "Roundedness", }, { name = "Advanced", symbols = { "̟", "˖" }, article = "Relative articulation#Advanced and retracted", }, { name = "Retracted", symbols = { "̠", "˗" }, article = "Relative articulation#Advanced and retracted", }, { name = "Centralized", symbols = { "̈" }, article = "Relative articulation#Centralized vowels", }, { name = "Mid-centralized", symbols = { "̽" }, article = "Relative articulation#Mid-centralized vowel", }, { name = "Syllabic", symbols = { "̩", "̍" }, article = "Syllabic consonant", }, { name = "Non-syllabic", symbols = { "̯", "̑" }, article = "Semivowel", }, { name = "Rhoticity", symbols = { "˞" }, article = "R-colored vowel", audio = "En-us-er.ogg" }, { name = "Breathy voiced", symbols = { "̤", "ṳ", "ʱ" }, article = "Breathy voice", }, { name = "Creaky voiced", symbols = { "̰", "ḛ", "ḭ", "ṵ" }, article = "Creaky voice", }, { name = "Linguolabial", symbols = { "̼" }, article = "Linguolabial consonant", }, { name = "Labialized", symbols = { "ʷ", "̫" }, article = "Labialization", }, { name = "Palatalized", symbols = { "ʲ" }, article = "Palatalization (phonetics)", }, { name = "Velarized", symbols = { "ˠ" }, article = "Velarization", }, { name = "Pharyngealized", symbols = { "ˤ" }, article = "Pharyngealization", }, { name = "Velarized or pharyngealized", symbols = { "̴", "ᵯ", "ᵰ", "ᵱ", "ᵬ", "ᵮ", "ᵵ", "ᵭ", "ᵴ", "ᵶ", "ᵳ", "ᵲ" }, article = "Pharyngealization", }, { name = "Raised", symbols = { "̝", "˔" }, article = "Relative articulation#Raised and lowered", }, { name = "Lowered", symbols = { "̞", "˕" }, article = "Relative articulation#Raised and lowered", }, { name = "Advanced tongue root", symbols = { "̘" }, }, { name = "Retracted tongue root", symbols = { "̙" }, }, { name = "Dental", symbols = { "̪", "͆" }, article = "Dental consonant", }, { name = "Apical", symbols = { "̺" }, article = "Apical consonant", }, { name = "Laminal", symbols = { "̻" }, article = "Laminal consonant", }, { name = "Nasalized", symbols = { "̃", "ṽ" }, article = "Nasalization", }, { name = "Nasal vowel", symbols = { "ĩ", "ỹ", "ɨ̃", "ʉ̃", "ɯ̃", "ũ", "ɪ̃", "ʏ̃", "ʊ̃", "ẽ", "ø̃", "ɘ̃", "ɵ̃", "ɤ̃", "õ", "ə̃", "ɛ̃", "œ̃", "ɜ̃", "ɞ̃", "ʌ̃", "ɔ̃", "æ̃", "ɐ̃", "ã", "ɶ̃", "ä̃", "ɑ̃", "ɒ̃" }, }, { name = "Nasal release", symbols = { "ⁿ" }, }, { name = "Lateral release", symbols = { "ˡ" }, article = "Lateral release (phonetics)", }, { name = "No audible release", symbols = { "̚" }, article = "Unreleased stop", }, { name = "Ejective", symbols = { "ʼ" }, article = "Ejective consonant", }, { name = "Glottalized", symbols = { "ˀ" }, article = "Glottalization", }, { name = "Labio-palatalized", symbols = { "ᶣ" }, article = "Labio-palatalization", }, -- SUPRASEGMENTALS { name = "Long", symbols = { "ː" }, article = "Length (phonetics)", }, { name = "Half-long", symbols = { "ˑ" }, article = "Length (phonetics)", }, { name = "Extra-short", symbols = { "̆" }, }, -- TONES AND WORD ACCENTS { name = "Accent", symbols = { "̋", "́", "̄", "̀", "̏" }, article = "Pitch-accent language", }, { name = "Tone", symbols = { "̌", "ű", "ӳ", "ő", "̂", "í", "ý", "ú", "é", "ó", "á", "᷄", "ī", "ȳ", "ū", "ē", "ō", "ǣ", "ā", "᷅", "ì", "ỳ", "ù", "è", "ò", "à", "᷈", "ȉ", "ȕ", "ȅ", "ȍ", "ȁ", "˥", "˦", "˧", "˨", "˩" }, article = "Tone (linguistics)", }, -- EXTENDED IPA (extIPA) { name = "Alveolar", symbols = { "͇" }, article = "Alveolar consonant", }, { name = "Strong articulation", symbols = { "͈", "̎" }, article = "Fortis and lenis", }, { name = "Weak articulation", symbols = { "͉", "᷂" }, article = "Fortis and lenis", }, { name = "Denasalized", symbols = { "͊" }, article = "Denasalization", }, { name = "Velopharyngeal friction", symbols = { "͌" }, article = "Velopharyngeal consonant", }, { name = "Whistled articulation", symbols = { "͎" }, article = "Whistled sibilant", }, { name = "Unaspirated", symbols = { "˭" }, article = "Tenuis consonant", }, { name = "Pre-aspiration", symbols = { "ʰp", "ʰt", "ʰʈ", "ʰc", "ʰk", "ʰq", "ʰn" }, article = "Preaspiration", }, -- NON-IPA { name = "Retroflex", symbols = { "̣", "̢" }, article = "Retroflex consonant", }, { name = "Prenasalized consonant", symbols = { "ᵐ", "ᶬ", "ⁿt", "ⁿd", "ⁿθ", "ⁿð", "ⁿs", "ⁿz", "ⁿʃ", "ⁿʒ", "ⁿɕ", "ⁿʑ", "ⁿr", "ⁿɬ", "ⁿɮ", "ⁿl", "ᶯ", "ᶮ", "ᵑ", "ᶰ" }, }, { name = "Pre-stopped consonant", symbols = { "ᵖ", "ᵇ", "ᵗ", "ᵈ", "ᶜ", "ᶡ", "ᵏ", "ᶢ", "ᴳ" }, }, } } for k, group in pairs(rawData) do for _, v in ipairs(group) do local t = { name = v.name, symbol = v.symbols[1], article = v.article or v.name, audio = v.audio or "" ,-- Compatibility wikipage = v.article or v.name, soundfile = v.audio or "" } for _, s in ipairs(v.symbols) do data[k][s] = t end end end
return { data = data, rawData = rawData } |
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