| 词条 | Moema (fish) |
| 释义 |
| name = | image = | image_caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Actinopterygii | ordo = Cyprinodontiformes | familia = Aplocheilidae | genus = Moema | genus_authority = W. J. E. M. Costa, 1989 | synonyms =Aphyolebias Costa, 1998 }}Moema is a genus of fish in the family Aplocheilidae. These annual killifish are mostly restricted to the Amazon basin in Bolivia, Brazil and Peru, but a few inhabit the upper Essequibo basin in Guyana, upper Orinoco basin in Venezuela and upper Paraguay basin in Brazil.[1][2] They inhabit temporary waters, such as swamps or ponds, in primary forests. Once the water disappears, the adults die, but the eggs that have been laid in the bottom remain, only hatching after 3–10 months when the water returns.[2][3] They rapidly reach adult size, but generally only live a few months after hatching, although captives (not subjected to disappearing water) can live longer.[2][3] They are small fish, with the largest species up to {{cvt|18|cm}} in total length.[2] SpeciesMoema was first described in 1989, having formerly been included in the Pterolebias. In 1998, it was suggested that several Moema species should be moved to their own genus, Aphyolebias.[4] Some, including FishBase, continue to recognize both Moema and Aphyolebias.[5][6] The distinction between them is not well-defined and genetic studies have shown that Moema is paraphyletic if not including Aphyolebias, leading several authorities such as Catalog of Fishes to consider the latter a junior synonym of former.[1][7][8][9]According to Catalog of Fishes, there are currently 20 recognized species in this genus:[1]
References1. ^1 2 {{Cof genus |Moema|11 November 2018}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3752112}}{{Cyprinodontiformes-stub}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | author=Vermeulen, F. | title=The genus Moema, Costa 1989 | url=http://www.itrainsfishes.net/content/moema_introduction_001.php | publisher=itrainsfishes.net |accessdate=11 November 2018 }} 3. ^1 {{cite web | author=Vermeulen, F. | title=The genus Aphyolebias, Garman, 1895 | url=http://www.itrainsfishes.net/content/aphyolebias_introduction_001.php | publisher=itrainsfishes.net |accessdate=11 November 2018 }} 4. ^{{cite journal | author=Costa, W.J.E.M. | year=1998 | title=Phylogeny and classification of Rivulidae revisited: evolution of annualism and miniaturization in rivulid fishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei) | journal=Journal of Comparative Biology | volume=3 | pages=33-92 }} 5. ^{{FishBase genus | genus = Moema| month = November | year = 2018 }} 6. ^{{FishBase genus | genus = Aphyolebias| month = November | year = 2018 }} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite journal | author=Costa, W.J.E.M. | year=2014 | title=Phylogeny and evolutionary radiation in seasonal rachovine killifishes: biogeographical and taxonomical implications | journal=Vertebrate Zoology | volume=64 | issue=2 | pages=177–192 }} 8. ^1 2 Valdesalici, S., Nielsen, D.T.B. & Pillet, D. (2015): Moema beucheyi (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), a new annual killifish from the Río Madeira basin, Bolivian Amazon. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 21 (3): 128-135. 9. ^1 Valdesalici, S. (2016): Moema kenwoodi – a new annual killifish from the Madre de Dios river drainage, Peruvian Amazon (Teleostei: Rivulidae). Journal of the American Killifish Association, 48 (3): 66-72. 2 : Aplocheilidae|Freshwater fish genera |
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