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词条 SOS Children's Villages
释义

  1. History

  2. Governance

  3. International Frameworks

  4. Campaigns

      No Child Should Grow Up Alone    Care For Me    I Matter  

  5. Regional & National Network

      Africa[35]    Americas[36]    Asia[37]    Europe[38]    Oceania[39]  

  6. Controversy

  7. Prominent Supporters

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Infobox organization
| name = SOS Children's Villages
| image =
| formation = {{ start date and age|1949}}
| type = International NGO
| status = Active
| purpose = Humanitarian Services
| headquarters = Innsbruck, Austria
| leader_title = President
| leader_name = Siddharta Kaul
| leader_title2 = Honorary President
| leader_name2 = Helmut Kutin
| slogan = A Loving Home for Every Child
| remarks =
| formerly =
| image_size =
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| map2 =
| map2_caption =
| abbreviation = SOS
| founder = Hermann Gmeiner
| tax_id =
| registration_id =
| location =
| region =
| methods =
| fields =
| owner =
| sec_gen =
| revenue =
| disbursements =
| expenses =
| endowment =
| staff =
| mission =
| website = {{url|https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/}}
}}SOS Children's Villages is the largest independent, non-governmental, nonprofit international development organization headquartered in Innsbruck, Austria. The organization provides humanitarian and developmental assistance to children in need and protects their interests and rights around the world.[1][2][3][4] The first SOS Children's Village was founded in 1949 in Tyrol, Austria by an Austrian philanthropist Hermann Gmeiner.[5] Today, SOS Children's Villages is active in 135 countries and territories worldwide[6][7]

SOS Children's Villages provide alternative families to children without adequate parental care.[8] Children of different ages and background live together in a house with a full-time parent, usually a woman who serves as the children's parent.[9][10][11] There are usually 6 to 15 houses in a typical SOS Village. In addition to the Villages, the organization also runs a whole range of programs and facilities to support socially disadvantaged and impoverished families through its subsidized kindergartens, primary and secondary schools,[12] youth facilities[13][14][15] social and medical centers, and emergency response relief operations[16]

.[17][18] In 2017, over 85,000 children and youths are raised in 572 SOS Children's Villages and over 700 SOS Youth Facilities. Another 3.8 million children and adults received services from their other programs.[19]

SOS relies on contributions from governments and private donors. In 2017, the organization's 350 institutional partnership contracts totaled more than €31 million in institutional funds implemented. Funding from foundations and lotteries totaled nearly €48 million, and corporate partnerships provided more than €49 million in support for SOS Children's Villages globally.[20] The organization was awarded the Conrad N. Hilton Humanitarian Prize[21] in 2002, and the Princess of Asturias Award of Concord in 2016.[22]

History

The Second World War resulted in many children becoming homeless and orphaned. Hermann Gmeiner (23 June 1919 – 26 April 1986), who himself participated in the war as an Austrian soldier, founded the first SOS Children's Village in Imst in the Austrian Federal State of Tyrol in 1949.[23] Originally, the SOS Children's Village was established to look after the orphans of the Second World War. But later the organization eventually started looking after other children such as the abandoned, neglected, abused, and children in difficult economic circumstances.[24]

In the second half of the 20th century, the organization spread all over Europe. In 1959, SOS Children's Village national associations were established in Italy, France, and Germany, and in the same year, the first SOS Youth Facility was founded in Innsbruck, Austria. As the organization grew, the umbrella organization SOS-Kinderdorf International was established to oversee all the national associations in the world in 1960. In the same year, the first SOS Children's Village in South America was founded in Uruguay. In 1963, the organization reached Asia with the first Villages established in North Korea and India. Seven years later, the organization founded Villages in Africa in the Republic of Ivory Coast, Kenya, Ghana, and Sierra Leone.[25] In North America, the first Village was established in 1991 in the United States. Today, there are now more than 570 SOS Children's Villages present in 135 countries and territories.[26]

Hermann Gmeiner was the SOS Children's Village president until 1985 when he was succeeded by Helmut Klein. Helmut Klein, born in 1941 in Bolzano, Italy, who was one of the first children admitted in SOS Austria, led the organization SOS Children's Villages International for 27 years after which in 2012 he was succeeded by the current president Siddhartha Kaul, born in 1951 in Pilana, India[27][28]

Governance

Each 118 national SOS Children's Villages associations carries out the international organizations’ missions, protocols, and policies. Regional offices guide this work and provide fundraising, marketing, and technical assistance to country offices as needed. Overall management and administration of the organization takes place at the headquarter in Innsbruck, Austria. The highest decision-making body is the General Assembly responsible for electing the President, Vice-President, and other members of the international senate. Guiding and monitoring of all SOS’ work is the responsibility of the International Senate made up of 22 members. They establish policies, formulate policy changes, and procedural guidelines. The International Senate's work is coordinated by the Management Council, comprising eight representatives from member associations chaired by the President. The Management Council makes recommendations for Senate decisions, approves work plans developed by the Management Team, and defines the federation's targets. The General Secretariat comprises the international offices in Austria, and other regional offices responsible for implementing strategic decisions, developing and monitoring the organization's quality standards, and representing the organization in international communications and forums [https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/organisation SOS Children's Villages Governance].

International Frameworks

The organization follows three international frameworks that serve as guidelines for their work. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) adopted in 1989 is a human rights treaty that sets out the civil, political, economic, social, health, and cultural rights of children. The UN Guidelines for Alternative Care of Children adopted in 2009 provides a framework for governments to acknowledge and deliver alternative care to children in need.[29] And the UN Sustainable Development Goal adopted in 2015 and valid until 2030 in which SOS' work focuses mainly on vulnerable children and families.

Campaigns

No Child Should Grow Up Alone

In 2017, the organization launched the No Child Should Grow Up Alone campaign which aims to emphasize research showing that 1 in 10 children (220 million) worldwide is growing up alone. The campaign is based on a global research called the 'Care Effect' claiming that children growing up without adequate parental care are particularly vulnerable to different forms of human rights violations such as child labor, violence, and sex trafficking.[30]

The report concluded that:

"If we provide care for today’s children in vulnerable circumstances, giving them the foundation they need for learning and developing life skills, we stand a better chance of building a better future for the world”[31]

Care For Me

In 2012, the organization launched the Care For ME! Campaign to encourage research and assessment on alternative child care and to advocate the need to protect the human rights of children from various violations committed against them. Participating countries need to assess whether their national alternative care system complies with the UN Guidelines for Alternative Care of Children.[32]

I Matter

In 2009, the organization launched the "I Matter" campaign to improve legislation surrounding the practice on leaving care. The aim is to support youth ageing out of care in their transition toward independence.[33]

Regional & National Network

SOS is present in over 135 countries around the world. These are listed below by region. SOS organizations in these countries provide active support to children and families. Exceptions are countries marked with an asterisk, in which SOS maintains representative offices which focus on fundraising and building awareness.[34]

Africa[35]

{{flagicon|Algeria}} Algeria{{flagicon|Angola}} Angola{{flagicon|Benin}} Benin{{flagicon|Botswana}} Botswana{{flagicon|Burkina Faso}} Burkina Faso{{flagicon|Burundi}} Burundi{{flagicon|Cameroon}} Cameroon
Cape Verde}} Cape VerdeCentral African Republic}} Central African RepublicChad}} ChadCôte d'Ivoire}} Côte d'IvoireDemocratic Republic of Congo}} Democratic Republic of CongoDjibouti}} DjiboutiEgypt}} Egypt
Equatorial Guinea}} Equatorial GuineaEthiopia}} EthiopiaGambia}} GambiaGhana}} GhanaGuinea}} GuineaGuinea-Bissau}} Guinea-BissauKenya}} Kenya
Lesotho}} LesothoLiberia}} LiberaMadagascar}} MadagascarMalawi}} MalawiMali}} MaliMauritius}} MauritiusMorocco}} Morocco
Mozambique}} MozambiqueNamibia}} NamibiaNiger}} NigerNigeria}}NigeriaRwanda}} RwandaSenegal}} SenegalSierra Leone}} Sierra Leone
Somalia}} SomaliaSomaliland}} SomalilandSouth Africa}} South AfricaSouth Sudan}} South SudanSudan}} SudanSwaziland}} SwazilandTanzania}} Tanzania
Togo}} TogoTunisia}} TunisiaUganda}} UganzaZambia}} ZambiaZimbabwe}} Zimbabwe

Americas[36]

{{flagicon|Argentina}} Argentina{{flagicon|Bolivia}} Bolivia{{flagicon|Brazil}} Brazil{{flagicon|Canada}} Canada{{flagicon|Chile}} Chile{{flagicon|Costa Rica}} Costa Rica{{flagicon|Dominican Republic}} Dominican Republic
Ecuador}}EcuadorEl Salvador}} El SalvadorGuatemala}}GuatemalaHaiti}} HaitiHonduras}}HondurasJamaica}} JamaicaMexico}} Mexico
Nicaragua}} NicaraguaPanama}}PanamaParaguay}} ParaguayPeru}} PeruUruguay}} UruguayUSA}} USAVenezuela}} Venezuela

Asia[37]

{{flagicon|Armenia}} Armenia{{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} Azerbaijan{{flagicon|Bahrain}} Bahrain{{flagicon|Bangladesh}} Bangladesh{{flagicon|Cambodia}} Cambodia{{flagicon|China}} China{{flagicon|Georgia}} Georgia
India}}IndiaIndonesia}} IndonesiaIsrael}}IsraelJapan}}JapanJordan}}JordanKazakhstan}} KazakhstanKuwait}} Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan}} KyrgyzstanLaos}} LaosLebanon}} LebanonMongolia}} MongoliaNepal}} NepalOman}} OmanQatar}} Qatar
Pakistan}} PakistanPalestine}} PalestinePhilippines}} PhilippinesSaudi Arabia}} Saudi ArabiaSouth Korea}} South KoreaSri Lanka}} Sri LankaSyria}} Syria
Taiwan}} TaiwanThailand}} ThailandUnited Arab Emirates}} United Arab Emirates {{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}Uzbekistan}} UzbekistanVietnam}} Vietnam

Europe[38]

{{flagicon|Albania}} Albania{{flagicon|Austria}} Austria{{flagicon|Belarus}} Belarus{{flagicon|Belgium}} Belgium{{flagicon|Bosnia & Herzegovina}} Bosnia & Herzegovina{{flagicon|Bulgaria}} Bulgaria{{flagicon|Croatia}} Croatia
Czech Republic}} Czech RepublicDenmark}} Denmark {{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}Estonia}} EstoniaFinland}} FinlandFrance}} FranceGermany}} GermanyGreece}} Greece
Hungary}} HungaryIceland}} Iceland {{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}Italy}} ItalyKosovo}} KosovoLatvia}} LatviaLithuania}} LithuaniaLuxembourg}} Luxembourg
Macedonia}} MacedoniaNetherlands}} Netherlands{{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}Northern Cyprus}} Northern CyprusNorway}} NorwayPoland}} PolandPortugal}} PortugalRomania}} Romania
Russia}} RussiaSerbia}} SerbiaSpain}} SpainSweden}}Sweden {{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}Switzerland}} Switzerland{{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}Ukraine}} UkraineUnited Kingdom}} United Kingdom {{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}}

Oceania[39]

{{flagicon|Australia}}{{font color|red|{{asterisk}}}} Australia{{flagicon|French Polynesia}} French Polynesia

Controversy

In January 2018, the branch of the association in Ethiopia was accused of supporting Islam, including forcible conversion of children.[40] The organization denies the allegations, but does admit that a mosque (now closed) had been built on SOS land, contrary to policy.[41]

Prominent Supporters

The first prominent supporter was the German-British businesswoman Béatrice von Boch-Galhau, wife of the largest shareholder of the ceramic manufacturer Villeroy & Boch.

She became friends with the at-the-time unknown Hermann Gmeiner. In 1959, she employed some of her private fortune to pay for the first Kinderdorf in Germany located in Merzig Hilbringen. She also used her husband's political connections to promote the SOS Kinderdorf idea which was first meeting resistance from the local majors.

Prominent supporters include Nelson Mandela; the Dalai Lama; international footballers Kakha Kaladze, Andriy Shevchenko, Vincent Kompany, Ruud van Nistelrooy, Cesc Fàbregas and Javier Zanetti; opera singer Anna Netrebko; writer Henning Mankell; Belgian tennis player Kim Clijsters; French writer & actress Anny Dupérey; Sarah, Duchess of York; English Child Actress Georgie Henley; former model Princess Salimah Aga Khan; actress and singer Cher; businessman and television host Mike Holmes; Grammy Award-winning singer-songwriter and entertainer June Carter Cash; and Johnny Cash whose memorial fund is towards the work of SOS Children's Villages worldwide. {{Citation needed|date=April 2016}} The organisation received the 2002 Conrad N. Hilton Humanitarian Prize.[42]

SOS also receive significant funds through Genworth Financial's Putts4Charity initiative, which they run on golf's European Tour. In November 2012, the initiative reached €1 million in total money raised since 2007.

See also

  • Hermann Gmeiner
  • SOS Children's Villages UK
  • SOS Children's Villages – USA

References

1. ^{{cite web |title=‘SOS Children’s Villages contributing to nation-building’ |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/338463-sos-children-s-villages-contributing-to-nation-building}}
2. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Village goes a long way |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/north-east/sos-village-goes-a-long-way/cid/1452849}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children’s Villages, Radisson to protect vulnerable youths|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/sos-childrens-villages-radisson-to-protect-vulnerable-youths-2/}}
4. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children’s Villages to begin work in Iraq|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/sos-children-s-villages-begin-work-iraq}}
5. ^{{cite web |title=HERMANN GMEINER OF AUSTRIA, 66; ESTABLISHED SHELTERS FOR CHILDREN|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/27/obituaries/hermann-gmeiner-of-austria-66-established-shelters-for-children.html}}
6. ^{{cite web |title=Facts & Figures |url=https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/getmedia/6ce153bd-e854-4ea6-95a5-dc966e63d84a/FF2017.pdf}}
7. ^{{cite web |title=Supporting refugees and reuniting families through the cloud |url=http://customers.microsoft.com/en-US/story/sos-childrens-villages}}
8. ^{{cite web |title=SOS answered: Crisis-hit orphans escape sorrow of conflict to celebrate Eid |url=https://www.thenational.ae/uae/sos-answered-crisis-hit-orphans-escape-sorrow-of-conflict-to-celebrate-eid-1.762690/}}
9. ^{{cite web |title=Mothers on nurturing vulnerable children under SOS Children's Villages |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/230992/}}
10. ^{{cite web |title=Mothers on nurturing vulnerable children under SOS Children's Villages|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/230992/}}
11. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Village goes a long way |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/north-east/sos-village-goes-a-long-way/cid/1452849}}
12. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children donates 75m/- materials to eight schools|url=https://www.ippmedia.com/en/business/sos-children-donates-75m-materials-eight-schools}}
13. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children’s Villages Sri Lanka empowering Jaffna’s youth with vocational education |url=http://www.ft.lk/news/SOS-Children-s-Villages-Sri-Lanka-empowering-Jaffna-s-youth-with-vocational-education/56-661711}}
14. ^{{cite web |title=International organisation tackles youth job crisis in Middle East|url= https://www.thenational.ae/uae/international-organisation-tackles-youth-job-crisis-in-middle-east-1.764635}}
15. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children’s Villages, Radisson to protect vulnerable youthss |url=http://thenationonlineng.net/sos-childrens-villages-radisson-to-protect-vulnerable-youths-2/}}
16. ^{{cite web |title=Built to last: SOS Children’s Villages keep children safe against natural disaster|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/built-last-sos-children-s-villages-keep-children-safe-against-natural-disaster}}
17. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children’s Villages to begin work in Iraq |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/sos-children-s-villages-begin-work-iraq}}
18. ^{{cite web |title=Supporting refugees and reuniting families through the cloud |url=http://customers.microsoft.com/en-US/story/sos-childrens-villages}}
19. ^{{cite web |title=Facts & Figures |url=https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/getmedia/6ce153bd-e854-4ea6-95a5-dc966e63d84a/FF2017.pdf}}
20. ^{{cite web |title=Facts & Figures |url=https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/getmedia/6ce153bd-e854-4ea6-95a5-dc966e63d84a/FF2017.pdf}}
21. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.hiltonfoundation.org/humanitarian-prize/laureates/sos-childrens-villages-sos-kinderdorf-international|title=SOS Children's Villages · Hilton Humanitarian Prize|website=Conrad N. Hilton Foundation|language=en|access-date=2018-10-16}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lq7puz_5-cs|title=SOS Children’s Villages wins Princess of Asturias Award|last=|first=|date=|website=Youtube|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
23. ^{{cite web |title=HERMANN GMEINER OF AUSTRIA, 66; ESTABLISHED SHELTERS FOR CHILDREN|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/27/obituaries/hermann-gmeiner-of-austria-66-established-shelters-for-children.html}}
24. ^{{cite web |title=HERMANN GMEINER OF AUSTRIA, 66; ESTABLISHED SHELTERS FOR CHILDREN|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/27/obituaries/hermann-gmeiner-of-austria-66-established-shelters-for-children.html}}
25. ^{{cite web |title=HERMANN GMEINER OF AUSTRIA, 66; ESTABLISHED SHELTERS FOR CHILDREN|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/27/obituaries/hermann-gmeiner-of-austria-66-established-shelters-for-children.html}}
26. ^{{cite web |title=SOS Children's Villages History |url=https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/who-we-are/history |website=SOS Children's Village International}}
27. ^{{cite web |title=Helmut Kutin|url=https://worldofchildren.org/honoree/helmut-kutin/}}
28. ^{{cite web |title=President of SOS Children's Villages International|url=https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/who-we-are/organisation/siddhartha-kaul}}
29. ^{{cite web |title=Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children |url=https://www.unicef.org/protection/alternative_care_Guidelines-English.pdf}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bonkacircus.com/cases/no-child-should-grow-alone-2016|title=No Child Should Grow Up Alone 2016 {{!}} Bonka circus|website=www.bonkacircus.com|language=en|access-date=2018-10-16}}
31. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/getmedia/cbf6820c-e8ab-4940-8e67-4618d19fe098/SOS_Childrensvillages_The-Care-effect_English.pdf|title=The 'Care Effect'|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
32. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.behance.net/gallery/17934985/SOS-Childrens-Villages-CARE-FOR-ME-campaign-report|title=Behance|website=www.behance.net|access-date=2018-10-16}}
33. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.salto-youth.net/tools/otlas-partner-finding/organisation/sos-children-s-villages-albania.6277/|title=SALTO-YOUTH - Otlas - the partner-finding tool - Otlas - SOS Children's Villages Albania|website=www.salto-youth.net|access-date=2018-10-16}}
34. ^Source: SOS website
35. ^SOS Children's Villages in Africa
36. ^SOS Children's Villages in the Americas
37. ^SOS Children's Villages in Asia
38. ^SOS Children's Villages in Europe
39. ^SOS Children's Villages in Oceania
40. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.fides.org/en/news/63500-AFRICA_ETHIOPIA_Small_Christian_orphans_converted_to_Islam | website = agenzia Fides|title=Small Christian orphans converted to Islam}}
41. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.fides.org/en/news/63517-AFRICA_ETHIOPIA_SOS_Children_s_Villages_reaffirms_its_commitment_to_children_at_risk |website=Agenzia Fides|title= SOS Children's Villages reaffirms its commitment to children at risk}}
42. ^{{cite press release |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS228427+26-Jun-2008+BW20080626 |title=CEMEX and SOS Children's Villages Partner to Provide Long-Term Care for Orphans of... |publisher=Reuters |date=June 26, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090626165057/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS228427+26-Jun-2008+BW20080626 |archivedate=June 26, 2009 |df= }}

External links

{{Commons category|SOS Children's Villages}}
  • International: SOS Children's Villages (umbrella organisation)
  • [https://www.soschildrensvillages.ca Canada: SOS Children's Villages Canada]
  • [https://www.soschildrensvillages.in/ India: SOS Children's Villages India]

5 : International charities|Children's charities based in Austria|Development charities based in Austria|SOS Children's Villages|Organizations established in 1949
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