“MV Ondina”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

MV Ondina was a 9,070 GRT oil tanker built in 1939 and owned by Royal Dutch Shell; initially operated by the La Corona shipping company. In November 1942, during the Second World War, it was attacked in the Indian Ocean by two Japanese commerce raiders, one of which (the Hokoku Maru) was sunk possibly by a shell fired by the Ondina. After the war it continued operating until decommissioned and broken up in 1959.

Description

Displacing {{GT|9,070}}, Ondina was {{convert|130.49|m|ft}} long with a beam of {{convert|16.62|m|ft}}. The vessel had a draught of {{convert|6.4|m|ft}}. Fitted with a single Werkspoor six-cylinder diesel engine that was capable of generating 2,800 hp, the ship had a top speed of 12 knots. Its armament consisted of a single 102 mm quick-firing gun and several machine guns.^[1]

Career

Launched in April 1939, Ondina was built at the NDSM shipyard in Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. Completed in August 1939, prior to the Second World War the vessel sailed for La Corona, a subsidiary of the Royal Dutch Shell company.^[1]

Second World War

In November 1942, Ondina took part in the battle against the Japanese auxiliary cruisers and raiders Aikoku Maru and Hokoku Maru where it was damaged;^[1] after which it was temporarily repaired and then sent to Exmouth Gulf in Western Australia where she was stationed from 22 June 1943^[2] supplying fuel to US submarines.^[3] On 1 September 1943 the Ondina also supplied fuel to the ship MV Krait then taking part in Operation Jaywick, the raid on Singapore.{{r|dems119}} At the end of 1943 the ship was sent to the US for repairs at Tampa, sailing via Melbourne, Balboa, Panama Canal and Galveston.^[4]

Action against Japanese raiders

On 11 November 1942, Ondina was sailing escorted by HMIS Bengal, a Bathurst class corvette,^[5] to the southwest of Cocos Islands in the Indian Ocean, when the Japanese commerce raiders Aikoku Maru and Hōkoku Maru attacked them. The Japanese ships were each armed with eight 5.5-inch guns, while Ondina had only a 102 mm gun and Bengal a single 3-inch weapon. Both Allied ships scored hits in the Hōkoku Maru which blew up and sank; the other raider escaped.^[5] Although Ondina was damaged in the action, it reached port safely.^[6]

Postwar

See also

References

Notes

1. ^{{cite book|last= Marcus |first= Alex |title= DEMS? What's DEMS? |pages= 118–119 }}
2. ^{{cite journal |url = http://www.artillerywa.org.au/archives/2004_3.pdf |title = The Potshot (Exmouth) Secret Base: The Artillery Presence |issue = Artillery WA, 3/04, s. 13 |accessdate = 31 May 2015 |date = October 2004 |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150226205514/http://artillerywa.org.au/archives/2004_3.pdf |archivedate = 26 February 2015 |df = }}
3. ^{{cite book|last= Marcus |first= Alex |title= DEMS? What's DEMS? |page= 119 }}
4. ^{{cite book|last= Marcus |first= Alex |title= DEMS? What's DEMS? |page= 120 }}
5. ^¹²³{{cite web |last=Visser |first=Jan |url=http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ondina.html |title=The Ondina Story |date=1999–2000 |work=Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321233336/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ondina.html |archivedate=2011-03-21 |df= }}
6. ^{{cite web |last = Kindell |first = Don |url = http://www.naval-history.net/WW2CampaignsIndianOcean.htm#hoko |title = Indian Ocean & South East Asia, including Burma |work = Campaign Summaries of World War 2 |date = |publisher = Naval History |accessdate = 31 May 2015 |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150824211110/http://www.naval-history.net/WW2CampaignsIndianOcean.htm#hoko |archivedate = 24 August 2015 |df = }}
7. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.helderline.nl/tanker/313/ondina+%281%29/ |title = Ondina (1) |accessdate = 31 May 2015 |author = Helder, Kees |publisher = helderline.nl |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150601053207/http://www.helderline.nl/tanker/313/ondina+%281%29/ |archivedate = 1 June 2015 |df = }}