| 词条 | Myōkō (train) | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Myōkō | image = 189 N102 Myoko 20081122.jpg | image_width = 300px | caption = 189 series EMU on a Myōkō rapid service, November 2008 | type = Rapid | status = Discontinued | locale = Honshu, Japan | predecessor = | first = 14 April 1958 (Semi express) 1 December 1962 (Express) 1 October 1997 (Rapid) | last = 13 March 2015 | successor = | operator = | formeroperator= JNR, JR East | ridership = | start = {{STN|Nagano}} | stops = | end = {{STN|Naoetsu}} | distance = | journeytime = | frequency = 5 return workings daily | trainnumber = | line_used = Shinetsu Main Line | class = Standard only | access = | seating = | catering = | stock = 189 series EMUs | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm}} | el = 1,500 V DC overhead | speed = {{Convert|95|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} | owners = | routenumber = | map = | map_state = }} The {{nihongo|Myōkō|妙高}} was a limited-stop "Rapid" train service in Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) between {{STN|Nagano}} and {{STN|Naoetsu}} on the Shinetsu Main Line from October 1997 until March 2015.[1] The train was named after Mount Myōkō on the boundary between Nagano and Niigata Prefecture.[2] Service patternServices consisted of five trains in each direction daily.[1][3] Rolling stockServices were formed using a fleet of three Nagano-based 6-car 189 series EMUs, numbered N101 to N103, of which the rear car (car 1 from Nagano, car 6 from Naoetsu) was designated as reserved seating.[1][4] FormationTrains were formed as shown below, with car 1 at the Nagano end.[1][4]
Set N101 had 183-1500 series driving cars.[4] HistoryOriginal semi expressThe Myōkō name was first used on 14 April 1958 for an overnight semi express service operating between {{STN|Ueno}} in Tokyo and Naoetsu, via Nagano.[2] From the start of the timetable revision in October 1961, the former Shirakaba daytime service between Ueno and Nagano was extended to run to Naoetsu, and became the Myōkō 1 service.[2] Diesel expressFrom 1 December 1962, new KiHa 57 series 6-car diesel multiple unit (DMU) trains were introduced on the daytime Myōkō service, which was upgraded to "express" status. The overnight semi express service was meanwhile renamed Asama.[2] ElectrificationFollowing the electrification of the Shinetsu Main Line between Takasaki and Naoetsu, new 165 series 8-car electric multiple unit (EMU) trains were introduced on Myōkō services from the start of the October 1966 timetable revision.[2] With the expansion of daytime Hakusan and Asama services, daytime Myōkō services were cut back, and from the start of the November 1982 timetable revision, consisted of one overnight return working formed of 14 series locomotive-hauled sleeping car and seating accommodation coaches.[2] From March 1985, the locomotive-hauled rolling stock was replaced with 169 series EMUs, and from March 1988, these sets were themselves replaced by 9-car 189 series EMUs also used on Asama services, with the operating route reduced to between Ueno and Nagano.[2][5] These services were ultimately discontinued from 18 March 1993.[6] Rapid service (October 1997 - March 2015)The Myōkō name was revived for new rapid services introduced from the start of the revised timetable on 1 October 1997, named Shinetsu Relay Myōkō, to provide connections at Nagano with the newly opened Nagano Shinkansen services.[1] This was renamed Myōkō from 1 December 2002 following the discontinuation of the Minori limited express services which operated between Nagano and Niigata.[1] From the start of the revised timetable on 17 March 2012, two Myōkō services in each direction (services 3, 6, 7, 10) were discontinued, with the remaining three return workings operated using regular commuter rolling stock.[7] The remaining Myōkō services were finally discontinued from the start of the revised timetable on 14 March 2015, coinciding with the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen extension from Nagano to Kanazawa. The last train ran on 13 March 2015.[8] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book | title = JR新幹線＆特急列車ファイル |trans-title= JR Shinkansen & Limited Express Train File| publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun | year = 2008 | location = Japan | page = 140 | isbn = 978-4-330-00608-6}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book| last = Teramoto | first = Mitsuteru | title = 国鉄・ＪＲ列車名大辞典 |trans-title= JNR & JR Train Name Encyclopedia| publisher = Chuoshoin Publishing Co., Ltd. | date = July 2001 | location = Tokyo, Japan | pages = 550–551| isbn = 4-88732-093-0}} 3. ^JR Timetable, August 2011 issue, p.580-582 4. ^1 2 {{cite book |title = JR電車編成表 2012冬 |trans-title= JR EMU Formations - Winter 2012| publisher = Kotsu Shimbunsha| date = October 2011 | location = Japan | page = 104| isbn = 978-4-330-25611-5}} 5. ^{{cite book | title = JR急行・快速列車|trans-title= JR Express & Rapid Trains| publisher = Railway Journal| date = 2 November 1991 | location = Tokyo, Japan| page = 50| isbn = }} 6. ^{{cite book | title = 列車名鑑1995 |trans-title= Train Name Directory 1995| publisher = Railway Journal| date = August 1995 | location = Japan| page = 130| isbn = }} 7. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.jreast.co.jp/nagano/pdf/111216_1.pdf|title= 2012 年3 月ダイヤ改正について|trans-title= March 2012 Timetable Revision|date= 16 December 2011|work= News Release|publisher= East Japan Railway Company Nagano Branch |location= Nagano, Japan|page= 5|language= Japanese|format= pdf|archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= 18 February 2012}} 8. ^{{cite web |url= http://rail.hobidas.com/rmn/archives/2015/03/jr_1418.html|script-title=ja: 〈妙高号〉運転終了 |trans-title= Myōkō service discontinued|date= 16 March 2015|work= RM News|publisher= Neko Publishing Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= Japanese|archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= 16 March 2015}} External links{{Commons category|Myoko (train)}}{{JR East trains}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Myoko}}くびき野 (列車)#妙高 8 : Named passenger trains of Japan|East Japan Railway Company|Railway services introduced in 1958|Railway services discontinued in 2015|1958 establishments in Japan|2015 disestablishments in Japan|Rail transport in Nagano Prefecture|Rail transport in Niigata Prefecture |
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