| 词条 | National Commission for Backward Classes | |||||||||
| 释义 |
| agency_name = National Commission for Backward Classes | nativename = | nativename_r = | type = Commission | logo = | logo_width = | logo_caption = | seal = | seal_width = | seal_caption = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | formed = {{Start date and age|1993|8|14|df=yes}} | preceding1 = | preceding2 = | dissolved = | superseding = | jurisdiction = | headquarters = | employees = | budget = | minister1_name =Thawar Chand Gehlot | minister1_pfo = Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment | deputyminister1_name = | deputyminister1_pfo = | deputyminister2_name = | deputyminister2_pfo = | chief1_name = Bhagwan Lal Sahni | chief1_position = Chairman | chief2_name = Kaushalendra Singh Patel | chief2_position = Member | chief3_name = Sudha Yadav | chief3_position = Member | chief4_name = Achary Talloju | chief4_position = Member | chief5_name = | chief5_position = | chief6_name = | chief6_position = | parent_agency = | child1_agency = | child2_agency = | website = http://www.ncbc.nic.in | footnotes = | chief7_name = | chief7_position = | chief8_name = | chief8_position = | chief9_name = | chief9_position = | parent_department = | native_name_a = | region_code = | coordinates = | keydocument1 = | keydocument2 = | keydocument3 = }}India's National Commission for Backward Classes is a constitutional body (123rd constitutional amendment bill 2018 and 102nd amendment in constitution to make it constitutional body) (Article 338B of the Indian Constitution) under India's Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment established on 14 August 1993. It was constituted pursuant to the provisions of the National Commission for Backward Classes Act, 1993.[1] HistoryNational Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) is proposed to be dissolved to create the National Commission for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (NCSEBC) as a constitutional body.[2] Statutory backingThe commission was the outcome of Indra Sawhney & Ors. Vs. Union of India. The Supreme Court of India in its Judgement dated 16.11.1992 in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 930 of 1990 – Indra Sawhney & Ors. Vs. Union of India and Ors., reported in (1992) Supp. 3 SCC 217 directed the Government of India, State Governments and Union Territory Administrations to constitute a permanent body in the nature of a Commission or Tribunal for entertaining, examining and recommending upon requests for inclusion and complaints of over-inclusion and under-inclusion in the list of OBCs.[3] The Supreme Court held that the Constitution recognised only social and educational — and not economic — backwardness. The number of backward castes in Central list of OBCs has now increased to 5,013+ (without the figures for most of the Union Territories) in 2006 as per National Commission for Backward Classes.[4] In October 2015, National Commission for Backward Classes proposed that a person belonging to OBC with an annual family income of up to ₹15 lakhs should be considered as minimum ceiling for OBC.[5] NCBC also recommended sub-division of OBCs into 'backward', 'more backward' and 'extremely backward' blocs and divide 27% quota amongst them in proportion to their population, to ensure that stronger OBCs don't corner the quota benefits.[6][7][8] Article 338B of Indian ConstitutionThe NCBC Bill, passed by Lok Sabha in 2017, will insert Article 338B into the Constitution after Articles 338 and 338A which deal with the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (SC) and National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (ST) respectively. CompositionSection 3 of the Act provides that the Commission shall consist of one chairman and five Members: a Chairperson who is or has been a judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court; a social scientist; two persons who have special knowledge in matters relating to backward classes; and a Member-Secretary, who is or has been an officer of the Central Government in the rank of a Secretary to the Government of India. Their term is of Three years.[9] Current members[10]
Functions and powerThe commission considers inclusions in and exclusions from the lists of communities notified as backward for the purpose of job reservations and tenders the needful advice to the Central Government as per Section 9(1) of the NCBC Act, 1993. Similarly, the states have also constituted commissions for BC's. {{As of|2014|7|24}} over two thousand groups have been listed as OBCs. The National Commission for Backward Classes, National Commission for Scheduled Castes as well as National Commission for Scheduled Tribes [https://ncst.nic.in/content/power-commission] have the same powers as a Civil Court.[11] National Commission for Backward Classes has not yet been empowered to look into the grievances of persons of Other Backward Classes (Clarity required, source?). Under Article 338(5) read with Article 338(10) of the Constitution, National Commission for Scheduled Castes is the competent authority to look into all the grievances, rights and safeguards relating to Backward Classes. See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/UserView.aspx?TypeID=1113|title=The NCBC Act, 1993|last=|first=|date=|website=ncbc.nic.in|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-02-13}} 2. ^{{citation |title=Post-UP debacle, arch rivals SP-BSP join hands to corner BJP in Rajya Sabha |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/post-up-debacle-arch-rivals-sp-bsp-join-hands-to-corner-bjp-in-rajya-sabha/articleshow/57881607.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=29 March 2017}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/UserView.aspx?TypeID=1025|title=National Commission for Backward Classes|website=www.ncbc.nic.in|language=en|access-date=2017-02-13}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/ldquoTime-to-curb-number-of-backward-castesrdquo/article14834500.ece|title=“Time to curb number of backward castes”|date=13 September 2007|via=www.thehindu.com}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/OBC-panel-backs-off-wont-make-creamy-layer-reservation-criteria-stringent/articleshow/49545470.cms|title=OBC panel backs off, won't make ‘creamy layer’ reservation criteria stringent - Times of India|website=The Times of India}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/OBC-sub-division-relaxing-creamy-layer-is-a-must-NCBC-tells-govt/articleshow/49532421.cms|title=OBC sub-division, relaxing creamy layer is a must: NCBC tells govt - Times of India|website=The Times of India}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Raise-creamy-layer-to-Rs-10-5-lakh-OBC-panel/articleshow/47155884.cms|title=Raise ‘creamy layer’ to Rs 10.5 lakh: OBC panel - Times of India|website=The Times of India}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/UserView.aspx?TypeID=1025|title=National Commission for Backward Classes|website=www.ncbc.nic.in}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Organisation chart|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/Organisationalsetup.html|accessdate=3 May 2012}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/PresentCommissionView.aspx|title=National Commission for Backward Classes|website=www.ncbc.nic.in|language=en|access-date=2017-02-13}} 11. ^{{cite web | url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=107398 | title=National Commission for Backward Classes | publisher=Press Information Bureau | date=24 July 2014 | accessdate=26 July 2014}} External links
2 : Reservation in India|Indian commissions and inquiries |
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