| 词条 | National Convention of New Sudan |
| 释义 |
The National Convention of New Sudan was an assembly organized by the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) in Chukudum, Eastern Equatoria April 2-13, 1994.[1][2] Over five hundred delegates took part in the event. [3] The convention focused on questions of governance, rather than strategies of the ongoing war with the government in Khartoum.[4] The National Convention had initially been scheduled to coincide with the tenth anniversary of the founding of the SPLA/M, May 16, 1993. It had however been postponed.[5] A Convention Organising Committee (COC), consisting of 35 military officials of SPLA, had been formed to prepare the event. The COC was led by Yousif Kuwa, who also chaired the convention.[5] In his opening speech at the convention, the SPLA/M Chairman John Garang declared the convention as sovereign body.[6] The convention established a system of three branches of government in New Sudan; legislative, executive and judicial.[1] The issue of union (i.e. unity of Sudan) and separatism was dealt with at the convention. John Garang, who preferred unity, accepted a shift in policy of the movement which accommodated separatist demands. 'New Sudan' was defined as applying only to the 'liberated areas' under the control of SPLA/M, in contrast to the unionist definition in the original SPLA/M Manifesto which had defined 'New Sudan' as a future united, secular Sudan.[4] The election of the new SPLA/M leadership carried the mandate of 'to fight and achieve the right of Self-determination for the oppressed people of the New Sudan'.[7] A system of local governments was formalized, with five levels (boma, payam, county, region and central). Five regional administrations of New Sudan were created, namely Bahr el-Ghazal, Equatoria, Southern Blue Nile, Southern Kordofan and Upper Nile.[1] The convention instituted reforms of the legal system in the areas under SPLA/M control. Various laws, such as the New Sudan Penal Code and New Sudan Traffic Act, were drafted.[8] The convention elected a new National Liberation Council/National Executive Committee of SPLA/M. John Garang was elected chairman and Salva Kiir deputy chairman, both unopposed.[3] References1. ^1 2 Yongo-Bure, Benaiah. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ac6g7jXgqdUC&pg=PA198 Economic Development of Southern Sudan]. Lanham, Md. [u.a.]: Univ. Press of America, 2007. pp. 197-198 2. ^Rolandsen, Øystein H. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGYv_DFWYE0C&pg=PA81 Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s]. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2005. p. 81 3. ^1 Rolandsen, Øystein H. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGYv_DFWYE0C&pg=PA108 Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s]. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2005. pp. 108-110 4. ^1 Guarak, Mawut Achiecque Mach. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ggRAkGJvAucC&pg=PA383 Integration and Fragmentation of the Sudan: An African Renaissance]. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2011. p. 383 5. ^Rolandsen, Øystein H. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGYv_DFWYE0C&pg=PA84 Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s]. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2005. p. 84 6. ^1 Rolandsen, Øystein H. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGYv_DFWYE0C&pg=PA83 Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s]. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2005. p. 83 7. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=k4gFAQAAIAAJ Sudan democratic gazette, ed. 56–67]. 1995. p. 144 8. ^Rolandsen, Øystein H. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGYv_DFWYE0C&pg=PA116 Guerrilla Government: Political Changes in the Southern Sudan During the 1990s]. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2005. p. 116 5 : Rebel groups in Sudan|1994 in Sudan|Second Sudanese Civil War|Sudan People's Liberation Movement|Sudanese democracy movements |
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