“National Health Action Party”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The National Health Action Party (NHA) is a political party in the United Kingdom.

The party grew out of the movement opposing the 2012 Health and Social Care Act.^[3] It campaigns for renationalisation of the privatised parts of the English National Health Service, reductions in outsourcing, and improvements to NHS funding, service provision and staffing.^[3]^[4] Despite focusing on health, the party has a range of policies in areas such as the economy, housing and education. These include opposition to austerity and a call for political reform.^[5]

Having stood candidates in local and European parliamentary elections in 2014, the party contested 12 seats in the 2015 general election. Surgical registrar Dr Alex Ashman was elected as the party's leader in December 2016 following the resignation of co-founder Clive Peedell earlier that year.^[1]^[6]

History

The passage of the Health and Social Care Act in March 2012 prompted the party's co-founder Clive Peedell, a cancer specialist doctor, to co-write an open letter to The Independent alongside esteemed medical signatories.^[7] The letter was highly critical of the Liberal Democrats for their role in the passage of the Act and stated that the signatories would "form a coalition of healthcare professionals to take on coalition MPs at the next General Election, on the non-party, independent ticket of defending the NHS and acting in the wider public interest". Two months later, on 14 May 2012, Peedell co-founded the NHA Party with retired doctor Richard Taylor, who had twice been elected as MP for Wyre Forest on an 'independent health' component to his local hospital party name.^[8] The party was launched in Westminster in November 2012.^[9]

The party first stood in the 2013 Eastleigh by-election, with candidate Dr Iain Maclennan taking 392 votes.^[10] The party went on to stand in the 2014 European Parliament elections and the 2015 General Election, taking over 20,000 votes in each. This placed the party seventh in the popular vote in England in the latter.^[11] The party's best result to date was the 7,211 votes taken by Dr Richard Taylor in Wyre Forest in 2015 (he had been the MP from 2001 to 2010 under the label Independent Kidderminster Hospital and Health Concern).^[12]

Party co-founder Dr Clive Peedell resigned the leadership in July 2016, and Dr Paul Hobday was appointed as interim leader.^[6] Surgical registrar Dr Alex Ashman was elected as the new permanent party leader in December 2016^[1] and promised to continue the work begun by Drs Peedell and Taylor.^[13]

Supporters

As of December 2017 the party had 77,999 followers on Twitter^[14] and 27,675 on Facebook.^[15]

Cultural figures

Best-selling authors Mark Haddon^[16] and Philip Pullman,^[17] satirist Armando Iannucci,^[18] science writer Marcus Chown^[19] and comedian Rufus Hound. Hound stood as an NHA Party candidate in the London constituency for the 2014 European elections.^[20]

Policies

The party has a range of policies on healthcare, political reform, the economy, immigration, housing, education and environmental sustainability.^[5]^[21]

Health

Political reform

Economy

Electoral performance

General election results

2015 general election

The party stood 12 candidates in the 2015 general election.^[23] Targeted seats included those of leading proponents of the Health and Social Care Bill such as David Cameron and Jeremy Hunt. The candidates were:^[24]

Among the twelve candidates, the party won no seats and only saved two deposits (i.e. won more than 5%). Their best result came in Wyre Forest, where Dr Taylor (who had previously won the seat twice for the Independent Kidderminster Hospital and Health Concern party) came 4th with 14.6% of the vote. Dr Irvine came 4th with 8.5% in South West Surrey.

2017 general election

The party stood five candidates at the 2017 general election.^[25] Food blogger and activist Jack Monroe was announced as the NHA Party candidate for Southend West,^[26] but withdrew due to ill health.^[27] The candidates standing were:

Local election results

European Parliament election results

By-election results

See also

References

1. ^¹²{{cite web|url=http://nhap.org/agm-2016-exec-results/ |title=AGM 2016 – Ballot Results |accessdate=4 January 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nhap.org/contact |title=National Health Action Party official website |accessdate=9 June 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|last=Stamp |first=Gavin |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-18077009 |title=Can 'Save NHS' party make an impact at the ballot box? |publisher=bbc.co.uk |work=BBC News|date=22 May 2012 |accessdate=17 June 2012}}
4. ^{{cite journal|last=Torjesen|first=Ingrid|date=25 May 2012|title=Doctors opposed to NHS reforms set up a new political party|journal=BMJ|publisher=BMJ Group|location=London|volume=344|page=e3734|issn=1756-1833|doi=10.1136/bmj.e3734|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/344/bmj.e3734|accessdate=19 August 2012}}
5. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-england-32379085 |title=Election 2015: NHA Party 'serious about fixing the NHS'}}
6. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.bmj.com/content/354/bmj.i3935 |title=National Health Action Party gets interim leader after founder resigns | The BMJ |format= |work= |accessdate=15 July 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/letters/ios-letters-medics-launch-national-campaign-7576235.html|title=IoS letters: Medics launch national campaign|date=18 March 2012|publisher=}}
8. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-18062726 |title=Former MP to lead new political party opposed to NHS changes |publisher=bbc.co.uk |work=BBC News|date=14 May 2012 |accessdate=17 June 2012}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-london-20350906/doctors-launch-national-health-action-party-in-london|title=Doctors launch National Health Action party in London|date=15 November 2012|publisher=|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-21625726 |title=Eastleigh by-election: Lib Dems hold on despite UKIP surge |publisher=bbc.co.uk |work=BBC News|date=1 March 2013|accessdate=10 January 2017}}
11. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2015/results|title=Results of the 2015 General Election - Election 2015|website=BBC News}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/constituencies/E14001058 |title=Wyre Forest Parliamentary constituency |publisher=bbc.co.uk |work=BBC News|accessdate=10 January 2017}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://nhaspace.com/2016/12/24/christmas-message-from-the-national-health-action-party/ |title=Christmas message from the National Health Action Party |date=24 December 2016 |accessdate=4 January 2017}}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/NHAparty/followers|title=NHA Twitter Profile|last=|first=|date=|website=twitter.com|language=en|access-date=2017-11-18}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/pg/NHAparty/community/?ref=page_internal|title=National Health Action Party Facebook|last=|first=|date=|website=www.facebook.com|language=en|access-date=2017-11-18}}
16. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.standard.co.uk/goingout/theatre/mark-haddon-the-london-theatre-world-is-so-much-more-alive-than-contemporary-fiction-8530583.html | title=Mark Haddon: ‘The London theatre world is so much more alive than contemporary fiction’ | publisher=Evening Standard | date=12 March 2013}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/staggers/2015/05/weeks-magazine-power-struggle |title=In this week's magazine The power struggle |publisher=newstatesman.com/ |date=2015-05-05 |accessdate=2015-05-08}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/whichever-party-spouts-it-talk-of-the-nhs-budget-being-ringfenced-is-a-complete-fallacy-10199469.html |title=Whichever party spouts it, talk of the NHS budget being ring-fenced is a complete fallacy |publisher=independent.co.uk |date=2015-04-23 |accessdate=2015-05-08}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/ournhs/marcus-chown/labour-values-nhs-and-me |title=Labour values, the NHS and me |date=2015-08-27 |accessdate=2017-05-01}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-25900089 |title=BBC News - Rufus Hound in Euro elections NHS bid |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2014-01-26 |accessdate=2014-08-04}}
21. ^{{cite web |url=http://nhap.org/our-policies-1/ |title=NHA website - Policies |accessdate=9 June 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629235421/http://nhap.org/our-policies-1/ |archivedate=29 June 2015 |df= }}
22. ^https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2017/results
23. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2015-england-32519907|title=Election 2015: A party with a prescription for the NHS?|date=30 April 2015|accessdate=2 May 2015|publisher=BBC News}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://nhap.org/candidates/|title=Our Euro Election Candidates - NHA Party|website=nhap.org}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://nhap.org/just-when-you-thought-there-couldnt-be-another-election/|title=Just when you thought there couldn't be another election... - NHA Party|website=nhap.org}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39759199|title=BBC News - Jack Monroe to stand for National Health Action Party|date=2017-04-29|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2017-05-01}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/jack-monroe-abandons-bid-to-become-mp-after-death-threats-sent-to-her-home-a3536956.html|title=Jack Monroe abandons MP bid after 'death threats sent to her home'|date=11 May 2017|work=London Evening Standard}}