| 词条 | National Homestead at Gettysburg |
| 释义 |
The National Homestead at Gettysburg (located at 777 Baltimore Street) was an orphanage and widows home opened in October 1866[1]{{Rp|70}} (incorporated March 22, 1867)[1] on the Gettysburg Battlefield along Steinwehr Avenue on the north foot of Cemetery Hill. The facility was created by Dr. John F. Bourns after fundraising resulting from the identification of a Battle of Gettysburg casualty's children as Amos Humiston's.[2] In 1867, Ulysses S. Grant was photographed with orphans at the entrance,[3] and an 1870 Pennsylvania bill was used to fund the facility.[4] The beginning history of the homestead was prosperous, but after the initial head mistress was replaced by Rosa J. Carmichael, the history of the orphanage took a turn for the worse. Carmichael was a cruel disciplinarian who created a dungeon for disciplining children. This dungeon, along the stories that accompany it have made the homestead notorious. It's also become a popular spot for ghost hunting.[5] In 2011, the Ghost Adventures gang spent the night in the basement trying to communicate with Carmichael's ghost. Eventually, the orphanage was turned into a soldier's museum that was once owned by actor Cliff Arquette, who narrated tours of the dungeon. The museum has been closed since November 2014.[6] References1. ^{{Cite book |last=Beitel |first=Calvin Gustavus |year=1874 |title=A Digest of Titles of Corporations Chartered by the Legislature... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zr0ZAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22Gettysburg+Plank+Road%22&q=Gettysburg#v=snippet&q=Gettysburg&f=false |format=Google books |publisher=J. Campbell & son |accessdate=2011-11-22}} 2. ^1 {{Cite book |last=Reef |first=Catharine |year= |title=Alone in the World: Orphans and Orphanages in America |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-e7eH2BttnEC&pg=PA69 |accessdate=2012-10-19 |quote=read the account in November 1863 [and suspected they were] their children, Frank, Alice, and Fred, ages eight, six, and four.}} p. 70: The Humiston family subsequently resided at the homestead for 3 years until the widow remarried, when they relocated to Massachusetts. 3. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=RmsmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Nv8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1656%2C7850029 The Star and Sentinel, Jun 26, 1867] 4. ^[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GmQmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0P8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=4011%2C2911487 Gettysburg Compiler, Jul 1, 1870] 5. ^{{cite news| last = Levy| first = Dustin| date = 28 May 2016| title = Gettysburg orphanage honored on 150th anniversary| url = https://www.eveningsun.com/story/news/2016/05/28/gettysburg-orphanage-honored-150th-anniversary/85083716/| work = Evening Sun| location = Hanover, Pennsylvania| access-date = 7 February 2019}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/28213 |title=Soldier's Orphanage Dungeon Tour |website=Roadside America |publisher=Doug Kirby, Ken Smith, Mike Wilkins |access-date=7 February 2019}} External links
4 : Gettysburg Battlefield|Orphanages in the United States|1866 establishments in Pennsylvania|Buildings and structures in Adams County, Pennsylvania |
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