“Space Mountain”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Space Mountain is the name of a space-themed indoor roller coaster attraction located at five of the six Disneyland-style Disney Parks. Although all five versions of the attraction are different in nature, all have a similar conical exterior façade that is a landmark for the respective park. The original Space Mountain coaster opened in 1975 at Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. There are two tracks within this attraction, Alpha and Omega, which passengers can choose from. Other versions of the attraction were built at the other Disney parks (all except for Shanghai Disneyland Park).

History

Walt Disney World

The Space Mountain concept was a descendant of the first Disney "mountain" attraction, the Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland, which opened in 1959.^[2] The Matterhorn's success had convinced Walt Disney that thrilling rides did have a place in his park.^[3]

A new Matterhorn Bobsleds attraction was considered, but it wouldn't fit within Florida's Fantasyland.^[6] Ultimately, designers returned to designing Space Mountain. The Magic Kingdom's Tomorrowland had the right amount of available land, and computing technology had improved significantly since the initial design phases.^[7] However, it was decided the mountain would be built outside the park, on the opposite side of the train tracks that act as the perimeter of the park. To help cover the cost of developing and building Space Mountain, Card Walker, the CEO of Walt Disney Productions, convinced RCA chairman Robert Sarnoff to sponsor the new attraction; RCA was contracted by Disney to provide the communications hardware for the Walt Disney World Resort, and their contract stated that if Disney presented an attraction of interest, RCA would provide US$10 million to support it.^[8] Space Mountain then opened on January 15, 1975.

Disneyland

The success of Walt Disney World's Space Mountain prompted designers to revisit their original plan to build one for Disneyland. After two years of construction, the $20 million complex opened on May 27, 1977, including the roller coaster, 1,100-seat Space Stage, 670-seat Space Place (fast food restaurant) and Starcade.^[9]

Six of the original seven Mercury astronauts attended Space Mountain's opening — Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, Senator John Glenn, Wally Schirra, Alan Shepard, and Deke Slayton. The lone exception was Gus Grissom, who had died in the Apollo 1 fire ten years earlier.^[10] Largely due in part to the opening of Space Mountain, the Memorial Day day attendance record was set, with 185,500 guests over the three-day period.^[9] Space Mountain at Disneyland was designed by Bill Watkins of Walt Disney Imagineering, including a tubular steel track design awarded {{US patent|4,029,019}}. Due to space limitations, Disneyland's Space Mountain consists of only one track as opposed to the Magic Kingdom's two, and is of a completely different layout than either track of the latter park's.

Tokyo Disneyland

Space Mountain at Tokyo Disneyland opened with the park on April 15, 1983. It was the first version of Space Mountain to open concurrently with the park. From its opening in 1983 and until late 2006, Tokyo Disneyland's Space Mountain was an almost exact clone of Disneyland's Space Mountain. The ride was then redesigned to have a more sci-fi futuristic look to it similar to refurbished Walt Disney World version, with new effects, and a new spaceport which features a futuristic spaceship hanging from the ceiling. Like its Walt Disney World counterpart, there is no ride audio to the seats.

Disneyland Paris

The version at Disneyland Paris opened on June 1, 1995, three years after the opening of the park. It was originally called De la Terre à la Lune, and was originally designed as a view on space travel from a Jules Verne-era perspective, based on the novel From the Earth to the Moon. The track is significantly different from the other four, as it's the only one to include a launch and 3 inversions (Sidewinder, Corkscrew, Horseshoe). It underwent modifications in 2005 and became Space Mountain: Mission 2. This journey was slightly different to the first as it took riders beyond the Moon, to the very edge of the universe. In January 2015 the ride closed for yet another refurbishment and was reopened in August 2015. The ride temporarily closed in 2017 on January 8 and was replaced with Star Wars: Hyperspace Mountain on May 7. Mission 2 will return sometime in 2019.

Space Mountain at Hong Kong Disneyland is based on the refurbished Space Mountain at Disneyland, with a similar soundtrack and the same layout. It also features new show elements not presented in the refurbished California version (i.e. a "hyperspeed" tunnel). It will not feature the Rockin' Space Mountain configuration that was featured in Disneyland's Space Mountain in 2007.

Unlike most Space Mountains, the boarding area for the attraction is quite small. Not present is a Space Station of its two most similar counterparts at Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland. Instead, a dark queue featuring neon earth-tone colored planets along with star patterns decorate the area. Lining the walls of the station are colored neon light bars that are used for lighting and decoration.

Timeline

Film

Screenwriter Max Landis wrote a feature film based on the Space Mountain attraction, which was developed for a short time at Disney. The film was based in a 1950s retro-future. This idea of the future wouldn't contain the internet or cell phones but be powered by many large contraptions and robots. One key plot point of the film integrated the idea of people getting sent into hyperspace but when returning they would realize their soul had gone missing from them and they would eventually transform into terrifying monsters. The film was ultimately scrapped.

The Space Mountain building is featured as an Easter Egg in the Disney films Meet the Robinsons and Tomorrowland.

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://disneyland.disney.go.com/disneyland/en_US/special/eventname=SpaceMountainFlashInteractivePage|title=Disneyland Resort: Space Mountain |accessdate=2007-08-30 |year=2007 |work=Disneyland official site }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
2. ^{{cite book |title=The Disney Mountains: Imagineering at Its Peak |last=Surrell |first=Jason |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2007 |publisher=Disney Editions |location=New York, New York |isbn=978-1-4231-0155-0 |pages=37–49}}
3. ^Surrell, p. 37.
4. ^¹Surrell, pp. 38–40.
5. ^Surrell, p. 40.
6. ^¹Surrell, p. 41.
7. ^Surrell, pp. 41–44
8. ^Surrell, p. 43
9. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.ultimateorlando.com/extinct/archive/space/anaheim.htm |title=The Space Mountain Homepage (unofficial) |accessdate=2007-08-30 |author=Yee, Kevin |date= |work=Ultimate Orlando |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810160936/http://www.ultimateorlando.com/extinct/archive/space/anaheim.htm |archivedate=2007-08-10 |df= }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://disneyland.disney.go.com/disneyland/en_US/special/event?name=SpaceMountainFlashInteractivePage |title=Disneyland Resort: Space Mountain |accessdate=2007-08-30 |year=2007 |work=Disneyland official site |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824151413/http://disneyland.disney.go.com/disneyland/en_US/special/event?name=SpaceMountainFlashInteractivePage |archivedate=2007-08-24 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
11. ^{{cite book|last1=Assael|first1=Shaun|last2=Mooneyham|first2=Mike|title=Sex, Lies, and Headlocks: The Real Story of Vince McMahon and World Wrestling Entertainment|date=2010|publisher=Crown/Archetype |isbn=9780307758132 |page=99|language=en}}