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词条 Navy Cross (South Africa)
释义

  1. The South African military

  2. Institution

  3. Award criteria

  4. Order of wear

  5. Description

  6. Discontinuation

  7. Recipients

     Actions cited for 

  8. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}{{Use South African English|date=April 2014}}{{infobox military award
| name = Navy Cross
| image = Navy Cross.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption =
| awarded_by = the State President and, from 1994, the President
| country = {{flagicon|South Africa|1928}} {{flag|South Africa|1994}}
| type = Military decoration for bravery
| eligibility = South African Navy members
| for = Exceptional courage, leadership, or skill in dangerous or critical situations
| campaign =
| status = Discontinued in 2003
| description =
| motto =
| clasps =
| post-nominals = CN
| established = 1987
| first_award = 1991
| last_award =
| total =
| posthumous =
| recipients =
| precedence_label = SADF pre-1994 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear
| individual =
| higher = {{plainlist|SADF precedence:
  • Air Force Cross

}}{{plainlist|SANDF precedence:
  • Air Force Cross

}}
| same =
| lower = {{plainlist|SADF succession:
  • Medical Service Cross

}}{{plainlist|SANDF succession:
  • Medical Service Cross

}}
| related =
| image2 =
| caption2 = Ribbon bar
}}

The Navy Cross, post-nominal letters CN (Crux Navalis) is a military decoration which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa in 1987. It was awarded to members of the South African Navy for bravery. It was discontinued in 2003, but backdated awards can still be made for acts of bravery during this period.[1]

The South African military

The Union Defence Forces (UDF) were established in 1912 and renamed the South African Defence Force (SADF) in 1958. On 27 April 1994, it was integrated with six other independent forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[2][3][4]

Institution

The Navy Cross, post-nominal letters CN (Crux Navalis), was instituted by the State President in 1987.[2][5]

Award criteria

The cross was initially awarded for exceptional ingenuity, resourcefulness and skill, and extraordinary leadership, dedication, sense of duty and personal example and courage in mortal danger in non-combatant situations. After 1993 it was awarded for exceptional courage, leadership, skill, ingenuity or tenacity in dangerous or critical situations. A Bar, instituted in 1993, could be awarded in recognition of further similar displays of courage, leadership, skill, ingenuity or tenacity in danger.[4]

Order of wear

{{main|South African military decorations order of wear#Order of wear}}

The position of the Navy Cross in the official order of precedence was revised three times, to accommodate the inclusion or institution of new decorations and medals, first upon the integration into the South African National Defence Force on 27 April 1994, again when decorations and medals were belatedly instituted in April 1996 for the two former non-statutory forces, the Azanian People's Liberation Army and Umkhonto we Sizwe, and again when a new series of military decorations and medals was instituted in South Africa on 27 April 2003, but it remained unchanged on all three occasions.[6][7]

Official SANDF order of precedence
  • Preceded by the Air Force Cross (CA) of the Republic of South Africa.
  • Succeeded by the Medical Service Cross (CC) of the Republic of South Africa.[6][7]
Official national order of precedence
  • Preceded by the Air Force Cross (CA) of the Republic of South Africa.
  • Succeeded by the Medical Service Cross (CC) of the Republic of South Africa.[6][7]

Description

Obverse

The Navy Cross is a pointed cross, struck in silver, to fit in a circle 45 millimetres in diameter, with the South African Navy emblem in the centre on a navy blue roundel, 18 millimetres in diameter.[4]

Reverse

The reverse has the pre-1994 South African Coat of Arms, with the decoration number impressed underneath.[4]

Bar

The Bar was struck in silver and has a Protea emblem embossed in the centre. The same Bar was used to indicate multiple awards of the Pro Virtute Medal, Army Cross, Air Force Cross, Navy Cross, Medical Service Cross, Southern Cross Medal (1975) and Pro Merito Medal (1975).[8]

Ribbon

The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and white, with a 12 millimetres wide Navy blue centre band.[4]

Discontinuation

Conferment of the decoration was discontinued in respect of services performed on or after 27 April 2003.[3]

Recipients

Since inclusion in the table itself is impractical, the actions cited for follow below the table. The list of recipients is not complete.

CN no.NameRankUnitDate of action
Minnaar, S. – Rescued two Reconnaissance Commando members in full kit, who fell overboard from their rubberduck when it capsized in 3 metre swells during a night exercise.[9]}}Lt SANformat=dmy|abbr=on|Oct 1994}}
0013Schoeman, M. – Rescued a Zambian general, who fell overboard off the Navy's strike craft, SAS Galeshewe, at Seal Island near Cape Point in 2001. Lieutenant Schoeman, without hesitation, removed his shoes, jumped into the water and helped save the general who had knocked his head against the bulk of the ship and lost consciousness when he fell overboard.[10][11]}}Lt SANGaleshewe}}format=dmy|abbr=on|2001}}
Jaffar, M.CPO[12]
Combrink, W. – Negotiated with an armed murderer, who had shot and killed two of his men, to hand himself over to Police.[13][14]}}Cdrformat=dmy|abbr=on|2001-11-29}}
Lewis, G.S. – Navigated a launch 40 kilometres to safety through rough seas in stormy weather.[13][14]}}LSSAS Proteaformat=dmy|abbr=on|2000-10-16}}
Smith, N.C.CPODiving School
0014Tancrel, C.CPO
name=Frieslaar and Williams|Frieslaar and Williams – For exceptional duties performed during the fires of 2000.[15]}}CPOformat=dmy|abbr=on|2000}}
name=Frieslaar and Williams}}CPOformat=dmy|abbr=on|2000}}

Actions cited for

{{Notes}}

References

1. ^South African Medal Website - Post-nominal Letters (Accessed 28 April 2015)
2. ^1 South African Medal Website - SA Defence Force : 1952-1975 (Accessed 30 April 2015)
3. ^1 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 457, no. 25213, Pretoria, 25 July 2003
4. ^1 2 3 4 South African Medal Website - SA Defence Force : 1975-2003 (Accessed 30 April 2015)
5. ^South African Medal Website - Legal aspects - Fount of Honour (Accessed 1 May 2015)
6. ^1 2 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette no. 15093, Pretoria, 3 September 1993
7. ^1 2 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, {{OCLC|72827981}}
8. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Mackay|editor-first=James|title=The Medal Yearbook 2004|year=2004|publisher=Token Publishing Ltd.|location=Devon, UK|isbn=978-1-870192-62-0|page=380|author1=Mussell, John W.|author2=Editorial Team of Medal News}}
9. ^{{cite news|last=Harmse|first=J.J.|title=Navy honours reluctant hero|url=http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/1996/11/19/3/16.html|newspaper=Die Burger|date=19 November 2006|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130129234411/http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/1996/11/19/3/16.html|archivedate=29 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}
10. ^News 24Archives - Navy bestows honours
11. ^{{cite news|title=Navy rewards bravery|url=http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/2003/10/06/DB/2LDNk/06.html|newspaper=Die Burger|date=6 October 2003|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416182101/http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/2003/10/06/DB/2LDNk/06.html|archivedate=16 April 2014|df=dmy-all}}
12. ^{{cite journal|last=Ndaba|first=Dennis|title=Rewarding Military members|journal=SA Soldier|date=January 2005|pages=21}}
13. ^1 {{cite news|title=Navy's 5 bravest honoured|url=http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/2008/11/28/SK/5/novlootmedalje.html|newspaper=Die Burger|date=28 November 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130129113028/http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/2008/11/28/SK/5/novlootmedalje.html|archivedate=29 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}
14. ^1 {{cite news|title=Media Release|newspaper=SA Navy Media Release|date=26 November 2008}}
15. ^{{cite journal | title=Flag Officer Fleet's Medal Parade | author=Janse van Rensburg, AB Phillip | journal=Navy News | year=2008 | volume=XVII | issue=4 | pages=12}}
{{South African military decorations and medals}}

3 : Military decorations and medals of South Africa|Military decorations and medals of South Africa in order of precedence|Courage awards
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