| 词条 | Austin Chapman |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Honourable | name = Sir Austin Chapman | honorific-suffix = {{Abbr|KCMG|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George}} | image = Austin chapman.jpg | constituency_MP = Eden-Monaro | parliament = Australian | majority = | predecessor = New seat | successor = John Perkins | term_start = 29 March 1901 | term_end = 12 January 1926 | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1864|7|10}} | birth_place = Near Bowral, New South Wales | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1926|1|12|1864|7|10}} | death_place = Sydney | nationality = Australian | spouse = Catherine O'Brien | party = Protectionist (1901–09) Liberal (1909–17) Nationalist (1917–26) | relations = Albert Chapman (brother) | children = James Austin Chapman John Austin Chapman | residence = | alma_mater = | occupation = Company director | profession = | religion = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}Sir Austin Chapman {{Abbr|KCMG|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George}} (10 July 1864{{spaced ndash}}12 January 1926), Australian politician, was a member of several early federal ministries. He was born in Bong Bong near Bowral, New South Wales and educated at Marulan Public School and was apprenticed as a saddler at an early age. In about 1884 he went into business as a publican, storekeeper and auctioneer in Queanbeyan, and later became an investor and company director.[1] Political careerIn 1894 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as MLA for Braidwood.[2] Like most politicians from the southern border regions of New South Wales, he was an active supporter of federation of the Australian colonies. In 1901 Chapman was elected to the first House of Representatives as MP for the Division of Eden-Monaro (his brother Albert succeeded him as the member for Braidwood in the New South Wales Parliament). A Protectionist, he was Minister for Defence in the first ministry of Alfred Deakin (1903–04), Postmaster-General in the second Deakin ministry (1905–08), and Minister for Trade and Customs from 1907–08. After a long period on the backbench as a result of a stroke in 1909, which paralysed one of his arms, he was appointed Minister for Trade and Customs and Minister for Health in the Bruce government in February 1923. He was criticised by both Nationalists and the Country Party and he resigned in May 1924 on the grounds of ill health and was subsequently made a {{Abbr|KCMG|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George}}.[1] Chapman's most important contribution was his influence on the choice of the site of Australia's national capital, Canberra. He lobbied hard for the site on the Molonglo River near Queanbeyan, in his electorate. The success of his lobbying benefited many of his friends who owned land in the area, and also greatly boosted trade in Queanbeyan, the nearest town to the site. He was still MP for Eden-Monaro at the time of his death in Sydney of cerebro-vascular disease. He was survived by his wife, two daughters and two sons, James Austin Chapman and John Austin Chapman who both became distinguished soldiers.[1][3] The Canberra suburb of Chapman was named after him. References1. ^1 2 {{cite web | first=H. J. | last=Gibbney | title =Chapman, Sir Austin (1864–1926) | publisher =Australian National University | work=Australian Dictionary of Biography | url =http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A070619b.htm | accessdate = 26 March 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070322134626/http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A070619b.htm| archivedate= 22 March 2007 | deadurl= no}} {{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{succession box | title=Minister for Defence | before=James Drake| after= Anderson Dawson| years=1903–1904}}{{succession box | title= Postmaster-General | before=Sydney Smith| after= Samuel Mauger| years=1905–1907}}{{succession box | title= Minister for Trade and Customs | before=William Lyne | after= Frank Tudor| years=1907–1908}}{{succession box | title= Minister for Trade and Customs | before=Arthur Rodgers| after= Littleton Groom| years=1923–1924}}{{succession box | title= Minister for Health | before=Walter Massy-Greene| after= Herbert Pratten| years=1923–1924}}{{s-par|au-nsw}}{{succession box | title=Member for Braidwood | before=Alexander Ryrie | after=Albert Chapman | years=1891–1901}}{{s-par|au}}{{succession box | title=Member for Eden-Monaro | before= New| after= John Perkins | years=1901–1926}}{{s-end}}{{First Deakin Cabinet}}{{Second Deakin Cabinet}}{{Third Deakin Cabinet}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Chapman, Austin}}2. ^{{cite web |title=Sir Austin Chapman (1864–1956) |work=Members of Parliament |publisher=Parliament of New South Wales |url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/members.nsf/1fb6ebed995667c2ca256ea100825164/732f19b57463631eca256cbd0011172a |accessdate=16 February 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022050926/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/members.nsf/1fb6ebed995667c2ca256ea100825164/732f19b57463631eca256cbd0011172a |archivedate=22 October 2012 |df=dmy }} 3. ^{{cite web | first=Roger C. | last=Thompson | title =Chapman, John Austin (1896–1963) | publisher =Australian National University | work=Australian Dictionary of Biography | url =http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A130448b.htm | accessdate = 26 March 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070322162030/http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A130448b.htm| archivedate= 22 March 2007 | deadurl= no}} 17 : 1864 births|1926 deaths|Commonwealth Liberal Party members of the Parliament of Australia|Australian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Australian politicians awarded knighthoods|Protectionist Party members of the Parliament of Australia|Members of the Cabinet of Australia|Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Eden-Monaro|Members of the Australian House of Representatives|Australian federationists|Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|People from Bowral|People from Sydney|Australian auctioneers|Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia|Defence ministers of Australia|20th-century Australian politicians |
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