| 词条 | Neuville Airport |
| 释义 |
| name = Neuville Airport | nativename = Québec/Neuville Airport | image = Neuville Airport Logo.jpg | IATA = | ICAO = | TC = CNV9 | type = Private | owner = Neuville Aéro | operator = | city-served = Quebec City | location = Neuville, Quebec | timezone = EST | utc = 00 | summer = EDT | utcs = 00 | elevation-f = 314 | coordinates = {{coord|46|43|24|N|071|34|57|W|region:CA-QC|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = Canada Quebec | pushpin_label = CNV9 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Quebec | website = aeroportdeneuville.ca/ | r1-number = 06/24 | r1-length-f = 3,000 | r1-surface = Asphalt/Gravel | footnotes = Source: Canada Flight Supplement[1] }} Neuville Airport {{Airport codes||||CNV9}} is a privately owned general aviation aerodrome operated by Neuville Aéro. It is located {{convert|16|NM|lk=in}} west of Quebec City and {{convert|1.1|NM|abbr=on}} northeast[1] of the village of Neuville, Quebec, in Canada. Built in 2012, the airfield, which includes a {{convert|3000|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} runway and a hangar is primarily intended for owners of light aircraft. Construction and commissioning of the aerodrome is hotly contested by a group of citizens, the town and the Quebec government, among others, on a variety of environmental and jurisdictional grounds. BackgroundThe project to build a general aviation airfield in Neuville began in early 2011, a few months after the October 2010 Supreme Court of Canada ruling in the Quebec (Attorney General) v. Canadian Owners and Pilots Association case.[2][3] In essence, the 7-2 ruling[4] confirmed the Government of Canada's exclusive jurisdiction on the establishment of airfields and declared inoperative any municipal or provincial legislation, such as the Quebec Act Respecting the Preservation of Agricultural Land and Agricultural Activities,[5] limiting places where such activities can take place. Within the current legal framework, an airfield can be built anywhere in Canada — except in built-up areas of towns and villages — provided certain safety standards are met. Promoters also have to inform Transport Canada about the airfield location in order to be included on aeronautical charts.[6] The first project failed. A second group of seven businessmen from Montreal, Pont-Rouge and Quebec and led by Martin Mercier, Jean-Marc Carpentier et Raymond Carpentier[7] was formed to build the airfield.[8] Despite a series of resolutions adopted at the council and aimed at obstructing the project,[9] the town resigned itself to negotiate with the developer in order to limit the impact of the airfield on residents.[10] Soon after the town and the promoters signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on November 1, 2011,[11] the company tried to reach an agreement with Les Ailes québécoises, a recreational aviation club with about forty aircraft. Based at Quebec City's Jean-Lesage International, the club was considering a move in 2013, because of an ongoing expansion project of the region's main airport and an expected rent increase.[12] Divided on the 73-percent rent increase proposed by the airport authority for a lease renewal effective in 2013,[13] two-thirds of club members declined an offer to move to Neuville in January 2012.[14] Despite this setback, the developers promised to go ahead with their project, stressing that they had received expressions of interest from individual aircraft owners.[15] FacilitiesThe aerodrome is built on a farming lot purchased from a produce farmer in the fall of 2011 for C$350,000.[16] It is located near the intersection of Gravel Road and Autoroute 40, close to exit 285. The promoter describes its airfield as "small, but high-quality". The $2-million facility can host up to 25 aircraft.[17] Initial work started in mid-November 2011[18] and from that moment, aircraft started to land on grass.[19] The construction of the {{convert|3000|ft|m|0|adj=on|abbr=on}} runway began in January 2012; it was paved in May. The heated hangar is made of six 60 × 40 feet (18 × 12 m) sections equipped with retractable doors and can accommodate from 12 to 18 aircraft, depending on size. Construction of the hangar and the 10-position tarmac was completed in August 2012.[17] Aviation gasoline is sold on the premises and a payphone is also available.[20] The airport has electricity since early May 2012, after Neuville Aéro threatened the government-owned utility Hydro-Québec with a lawsuit because of delays in connecting the aerodrome to the power grid.[21] ControversyA group of citizens of the municipality of 3,700[22] has set up the Neuville Committee for the Defense of the Common Good (French: Comité neuvillois pour la défense du bien commun),[23] to mobilize against the airfield. Grounds for opposition to the airfield range from noise, non-compliance with Quebec laws,[24] municipal and regional zoning by-laws, the impact of leaded gasoline use in general aviation[25] and the proximity of the runway to some homes.[26] From the outset, the opposition group circulated petitions, started Facebook pages[22] and organized demonstrations and picket lines in late 2011 and throughout 2012. On March 31, 2012, the group organized a gathering of 600 people, including Neuville mayor Bernard Gaudreau, provincial and federal elected officials and representatives of various organizations, for a rally in front of the Neuville town hall.[27] Developers, who received the support of a group of Quebec bush pilots,[28] the Quebec Air Transport Association[29] and the Canadian Owners and Pilots Association, are stressing that this aerodrome would strengthen the general aviation sector in Quebec.[30] Feeling that they face a "rearguard" of opponents,[31] Neuville Aéro defended its approach, calling it "an example to follow in terms of municipal consultation". In a statement quoted by Le Soleil newspaper, the company said his group met seven times with the mayor, town councilors and municipal staff before the MOU was signed, that Neuville was able to present its "expectations and demands" and that the town suggested suitable sites.[32] The National Assembly of Quebec unanimously passed a motion opposing the aerodrome on March 27, 2012.[33] The Minister of Municipal Affairs and Minister of Transport of Quebec, Sylvain Gaudreault, reaffirmed the opposition of the Parti Québécois government to the airfield.[24] Regional minister Agnès Maltais has said her government's stand was a matter of defending Quebec's territory and laws that are "flouted".[34] Three opposition parties in the Canadian House of Commons,[27] three municipal federations,[35] including the Federation of Canadian Municipalities,[36] as well as several rural and environmental groups also oppose the airfield.[27] Although the local NDP MP, Élaine Michaud, tabled a 2,000-name petition to the House of Commons asking the federal Minister of Transport Denis Lebel to act on their behalf,[37] the Conservative government chose not to intervene, stating that its role in aeronautics is limited to "promote economic development of a stable aviation sector" and to "promote air safety".[38][39] In a statement to Parliament, the minister said he would not intervene because the Neuville airfield posed "no safety issue".[39] Court caseIn March 2012, Neuville Aéro has received two summons from the municipality for by-law violations during construction.[27] Development of the airfield has also led to the exposure of Campagna creek banks, in contravention with Quebec environment laws according to an investigation by the regional county municipality (MRC), which was leaked to the opponents group in July 2012.[40] Since then, developers promised to restore the banks under a protocol approved by the Quebec Department of the Environment.[17] Two private citizens filed a lawsuit in Quebec Superior Court in May 2012 to challenge an administrative decision from Transport Canada to the effect that the aerodrome is not located in a "built-up area". In November 2012, Judge Pierre Ouellet determined that the relief sought by the two plaintiffs was outside his purview, noting that the Federal Court of Canada had an "exclusive jurisdiction" to adjudicate cases related to aeronautics.[41][42] The decision is in line with a petition filed in the case by the promoters.[43] In January 2013, the two plaintiffs appealed the ruling, arguing that the judge had jurisdiction to hear the case. The two citizens are also trying to raise money to help pay legal costs, saying they're "in for the long haul".[25][44] ReferencesNotes1. ^1 {{CFS}} 2. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Antoine |last=Robitaille |title=Neuville L'aérodrome de la discorde |work=Le Devoir |location=Montreal |date=December 13, 2011 |page=1 |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/villes-et-regions/338285/neuville-l-aerodrome-de-la-discorde |accessdate=February 13, 2013 |quote=Grande nouveauté, la Commission de protection de territoire agricole du Québec (CPTAQ) n'a rien eu à dire sur le projet puisque la Cour suprême du Canada, dans un jugement en octobre 2010 (Québec c. Canadian Owners and Pilots Association), l'a carrément amputée de tout pouvoir [...]}}{{subscription required}} 3. ^{{cite CanLII|litigants=Quebec (Attorney General) v. Canadian Owners and Pilots Association |link=Quebec (Attorney General) v. Canadian Owners and Pilots Association |year=2010 |source=scc|num=39|date=October 15, 2010|parallelcite=[2010] 2 SCR 536 |courtname=auto}} 4. ^Quebec justices Marie Deschamps and Louis LeBel wrote dissident opinions. 5. ^{{Cite canlaw |short title=An Act Respecting the Preservation of Agricultural Land and Agricultural Activities |abbr=RSQ |chapter=P-41.1 |year=1978|link=http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&file=/P_41_1/P41_1_A.html |linkloc=Publications du Québec}} 6. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Brigitte |last=Breton |title=Un non-sens légal |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=March 12, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/opinions/editoriaux/201203/11/01-4504433-un-non-sens-legal.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 7. ^Search for "Neuville Aéro" on the Registraire des Entreprises du Québec 8. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Un aérodrome privé à Neuville sous peu |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=October 27, 2011 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201110/26/01-4461530-un-aerodrome-prive-a-neuville-sous-peu.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }} 9. ^{{cite news |language=French |first=Bernard |last=Gaudreau |title=Mot du Maire |work=Le Soleil Brillant |location=Neuville |volume=16 |issue=4 |date=April 2012 |pages=3–4 |url=http://www.ville.neuville.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents/journal/SB_2012-04.pdf |accessdate=February 13, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172206/http://www.ville.neuville.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents/journal/SB_2012-04.pdf |archivedate=March 3, 2016 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Projet d'aéroport à Neuville: les citoyens contre, la Ville souhaite le dialogue |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=October 1, 2011 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/affaires/les-regions/201109/30/01-4453104-projet-daeroport-a-neuville-les-citoyens-contre-la-ville-souhaite-le-dialogue.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }} 11. ^{{cite web |language=French |title=Protocole d'entente entre la Ville de Neuville et 9247-9104 Québec inc. |publisher=Ville de Neuville |date=November 1, 2011 |url=http://www.ville.neuville.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents/politiques-reglements/Entente_aerodrome.pdf |page=6 |accessdate=February 13, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029184004/http://www.ville.neuville.qc.ca/fileadmin/contenu/documents/politiques-reglements/Entente_aerodrome.pdf |archivedate=October 29, 2013 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Aéroport de Neuville: main tendue aux Ailes Québécoises |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=December 9, 2011 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/affaires/actualite-economique/201112/09/01-4476271-aeroport-de-neuville-main-tendue-aux-ailes-quebecoises.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 13. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Aérodrome de Neuville: une coïncidence qui fait réagir |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=December 10, 2011 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/affaires/les-regions/201112/10/01-4476701-aerodrome-de-neuville-une-coincidence-qui-fait-reagir.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 14. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Annie |last=Matthieu |title=Les Ailes Québécoises refusent de déménager... pour l'instant |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=January 20, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201201/19/01-4487604-les-ailes-quebecoises-refuse-de-demenager-pour-linstant.php |accessdate=15 February 2013|quote=«Les raisons sont cependant très partagées, a commenté Mme McGrath. Il y a ceux qui veulent rester à Québec et ceux qui veulent attendre une meilleure offre de Neuville.»}} 15. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Aéro Neuville ira de l'avant sans les Ailes |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=January 21, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201201/20/01-4487960-aero-neuville-ira-de-lavant-sans-les-ailes.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 16. ^{{cite news |language=French |first=Yvon |last=Laprade |title=Neuville : un aérodrome sur des terres agricoles |work=La Terre de chez nous |date=March 21, 2012 |url=http://www.laterre.ca/environnement/neuville-un-aerodrome-sur-des-terres-agricoles/ |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130407142030/http://www.laterre.ca/environnement/neuville-un-aerodrome-sur-des-terres-agricoles/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=April 7, 2013 |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }} 17. ^1 2 {{cite web |language=French |url=http://www.aeroportdeneuville.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/NeuvilleA%C3%A9ro-Communiq%C3%A9-2012-08-9.pdf |author=Neuville Aéro |title=Neuville: La construction de l'aérodrome est terminée |publisher=Aéroport de Neuville |date=9 August 2012 |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 18. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Radio-Canada |title=La construction d'un aérodrome dénoncée à Neuville |work=radio-canada.ca |date=November 22, 2011 |url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/regions/Quebec/2011/11/22/006-aerodrome-neuville-mecontentement.shtml |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }} 19. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Antoine |last=Robitaille |title=Neuville L'aérodrome de la discorde |work=Le Devoir |location=Montreal |date=December 13, 2011 |page=1 |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/villes-et-regions/338285/neuville-l-aerodrome-de-la-discorde |accessdate=February 13, 2013 |quote=Néanmoins, à Neuville, les petits avions ont déjà commencé à atterrir sur le gazon [...]}}{{subscription required}} 20. ^{{cite web|title=Quebec/Neuville Airport |url=http://skyvector.com/airport/CNV9/Quebec-Neuville-Airport |publisher=Sky Vector |date=10 January 2013 |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 21. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=L'aérodrome de Neuville branché sous la menace |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=May 4, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201205/03/01-4521779-laerodrome-de-neuville-branche-sous-la-menace.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 22. ^1 {{cite news|language=French |first=Antoine |last=Robitaille |title=Neuville L'aérodrome de la discorde |work=Le Devoir |location=Montreal |date=December 13, 2011 |page=1 |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/villes-et-regions/338285/neuville-l-aerodrome-de-la-discorde |accessdate=February 13, 2013 |quote=Craignant le bruit et la pollution, plusieurs résidants du village de quelque 3700 âmes ont organisé une opposition au projet: page Facebook, pétitions en ligne, appel la municipalité.}}{{subscription required}} 23. ^{{cite web|language=French |title=Comité neuvillois pour la défense du bien commun |year=2013 |url=http://www.neuvillesansbruit.com/ |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 24. ^1 {{cite news|language=French |first=Ian |last=Bussière |title=Le ministre Gaudreault contre un aérodrome à Neuville |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=September 30, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201209/29/01-4578896-le-ministre-gaudreault-contre-un-aerodrome-a-neuville.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 25. ^1 {{cite news|language=French |first=Samuel |last=Auger |title=Aéroport privé de Neuville: les opposants iront en appel |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=January 11, 2013 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/affaires/les-regions/201301/11/01-4610601-aeroport-prive-de-neuville-les-opposants-iront-en-appel.php|accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 26. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Poiré, Maxime (journalist/producer) |title=L'aéroport de la discorde |work=La Facture |publisher=Radio-Canada |date=March 13, 2012 |accessdate=February 17, 2013 |url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/emissions/la_facture/2011-2012/Reportage.asp?idDoc=207496 }} {{YouTube|id=0MQ4XUIUEc0|title=Also available}} 27. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Manifestation contre l'aérodrome à Neuville |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=March 31, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/les-regions/201203/31/01-4511390-manifestation-contre-laerodrome-a-neuville.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 28. ^{{cite news |language=French |first=Alain |last=Turgeon |title=Aéroport de Neuville a l’appui de l'Association des pilotes de brousse |work=Le Courrier de Portneuf |date=January 13, 2012 |url=http://www.courrierdeportneuf.com/index.asp?s=detail_actualite&id=131505 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130407235933/http://www.courrierdeportneuf.com/index.asp?s=detail_actualite&id=131505 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=April 7, 2013 |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }} 29. ^{{cite press release|publisher=Association québécoise du transport aérien |title=Appui de l'AQTA |url=http://www.aqta.ca/nouvelles/Appui_de_l_AQTA_a_l_aerodrome_de_Neuville.html?AID=659 |date=January 16, 2012 |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 30. ^{{cite press release |publisher=Neuville Aéro |title=Aéroport de Neuville : Des appuis de taille |date=January 16, 2012 |url=http://www.aeroportdeneuville.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Neuville-2012-01-16-Appuis.pdf |accessdate=February 13, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184104/http://www.aeroportdeneuville.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Neuville-2012-01-16-Appuis.pdf |archivedate=March 3, 2016 |df= }} 31. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Aérodrome de Neuville: le promoteur déplore un "nouvel épouvantail" |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=March 14, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201203/13/01-4505218-aerodrome-de-neuville-le-promoteur-deplore-un-nouvel-epouvantail.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 32. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Ian |last=Bussières |title=Aérodrome de Neuville: Les promoteurs affirment avoir bien consulté le milieu |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=October 1, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/transports/201209/30/01-4578998-aerodrome-de-neuville-les-promoteurs-affirment-avoir-bien-consulte-le-milieu.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 33. ^{{cite web |language=French |author=National Assembly of Quebec |title=Journal des débats de l'Assemblée nationale. 39e législature, 2e session. Le mardi 27 mars 2012 - Vol. 42 N° 88 |url=http://www.assnat.qc.ca/fr/travaux-parlementaires/assemblee-nationale/39-2/journal-debats/20120327/53877.html#_Toc320706681 |publisher=National Assembly of Quebec |date=March 27, 2012 |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 34. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Radio-Canada |title=Aéroport de Neuville : la ministre Maltais réitère son appui aux opposants |work=radio-canada.ca |date=November 29, 2012 |url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/regions/Quebec/2012/11/29/004-maltais-gaudreau-aeroport-neuville-rencontre.shtml |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 35. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Radio-Canada |title=Aéroport de Neuville : le maire Gaudreau exige un ministre responsable du dossier |work=radio-canada.ca |date=October 24, 2012 |url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/regions/Quebec/2012/10/24/006-neuville-maire-demande-ministre-responsable-dossier.shtml |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 36. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Dominique |last=La Haye |url=http://tvanouvelles.ca/lcn/infos/regional/quebec/archives/2012/06/20120605-054203.html |work=TVA nouvelles |title=Aéroport de Neuville : Des municipalités canadiennes s'opposent |date=June 5, 2012 |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 37. ^{{cite press release |language=French |url=http://elainemichaud.npd.ca/post/projet-daerodrome-a-neuville-elaine-michaud-depose-une-petition-au-bureau-du-ministre-denis-lebel |title=Projet d'aérodrome à Neuville : Élaine Michaud dépose une pétition au bureau du ministre Denis Lebel |publisher=Élaine Michaud, MP |date=December 13, 2011 |accessdate=February 21, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190605/http://elainemichaud.npd.ca/post/projet-daerodrome-a-neuville-elaine-michaud-depose-une-petition-au-bureau-du-ministre-denis-lebel |archivedate=March 3, 2016 |df= }} 38. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Radio-Canada |title=Aéroport de Neuville : Le ministre Lebel n'interviendra pas |work=radio-canada.ca |date=March 13, 2012 |url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/regions/Quebec/2012/03/13/003-lebel-aeroport-neuville.shtml |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 39. ^1 {{cite news|language=French |first=Dominique |last=La Haye |title=Aéroport de Neuville : Un "dossier réglé" pour le ministre canadien des Transports |work=Canoë |date=May 15, 2012 |url=http://fr.canoe.ca/infos/regional/archives/2012/05/20120515-205305.html |accessdate=13 February 2013}} 40. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Radio-Canada|title=Neuville : un rapport qui réjouit les opposants à la construction d'un aéroport|work=radio-canada.ca |date=July 10, 2012|url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/regions/Quebec/2012/07/10/005-neuville-rapport-mrc-campagna.shtml|accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 41. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Johanne |last=Martin |title=Aérodrome de Neuville: les plaignants devront s'adresser à la Cour fédérale |work=Le Soleil |location=Quebec City |date=November 24, 2012 |url=http://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/les-regions/201211/23/01-4597237-aerodrome-de-neuville-les-plaignants-devront-sadresser-a-la-cour-federale.php |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} 42. ^{{cite CanLII|litigants=Morin v. 9247-9104 Québec inc. |year=2012 |source=qccs|num=6009|date=November 23, 2012 |courtname=auto}} 43. ^{{cite news|language=French |author=Radio-Canada |title=Aéroport de Neuville : le promoteur dépose une requête à son tour |work=radio-canada.ca |date=October 23, 2012 |url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/regions/Quebec/2012/10/23/002-requete-neuville-promoteur.shtml |accessdate=February 13, 2013 }} 44. ^{{cite news|language=French |first=Isabelle |last=Porter |title=Aérodrome de Neuville: des citoyens portent leur contestation en appel |work=Le Devoir |location=Montreal |url=https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/quebec/368236/aerodrome-de-neuville-des-citoyens-portent-leur-contestation-en-appel |date=January 12, 2013 |accessdate=February 13, 2013}} References{{reflist|2}}External links
1 : Airports in Capitale-Nationale |
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