| 词条 | New Flyer Xcelsior |
| 释义 |
| name = New Flyer Xcelsior | image = | caption = Top: New Flyer XD40 (2008) Bottom: New Flyer XD60 (articulated, 2013) | manufacturer = New Flyer | aka = | production = 2008– | assembly = | predecessor = New Flyer Low Floor | successor = | class = Transit bus | body_style = Monocoque stressed-skin | layout = | platform = | engine = {{ubl|10.0L Cummins ISL 280 (diesel)|Cummins ISB 280/ISL 280 (hybrid)|Cummins ISL-G/ISL-G NZ 280 (CNG)|Siemens ELFA2 (BEV)}} | transmission = {{ubl|Allison|Voith|ZF}} | wheelbase = {{ubl|{{convert|226.75|in|m|2|abbr=on}} (35' model)|{{convert|283.75|in|m|2|abbr=on}} (40' model)|F:{{convert|229|in|m|2|abbr=on}} / R:{{convert|293|in|m|2|abbr=on}} (60' artic)}} | length = over bumpers: {{ubl|{{convert|36|ft|3|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (35')|{{convert|41|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} (40')|{{convert|60|ft|10|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (60' artic)}} | width = {{convert|102|in|m|2|abbr=on}} | height = {{convert|10|ft|6|in|m|2|abbr=on}} (diesel, over A/C) to {{convert|11|ft|1|in|m|2|abbr=on}} (CNG/Electric) | weight = {{ubl|{{convert|24500|to|29300|lb|kg|-2|abbr=on}} (35')|{{convert|26000|to|30500|lb|kg|-2|abbr=on}} (40')|{{convert|39000|to|45500|lb|kg|-2|abbr=on}} (60' artic)}} | related = | designer = | sp = us }} The New Flyer Xcelsior is a line of transit buses available in 35' rigid, 40' rigid, and 60' articulated lengths manufactured by New Flyer Industries since 2008. In addition to the different available lengths, the buses are sold with a variety of prime movers, ranging from conventional diesel and CNG combustion engines to diesel-electric hybrid, hydrogen fuel cell, and battery electric. Design{{Xcelsior model codes}}For example, a New Flyer XDE40 is a 40' (nominal) rigid Xcelsior with diesel-electric hybrid power. XE Xcelsior CHARGEThe first battery-electric Xcelsior buses were a powertrain option within the regular Xcelsior line; development was announced in 2011, a prototype was shown in 2012, and regular production began in 2014.[1] The original battery-electric Xcelsior bus, offered as an XE40, used a permanent magnet traction motor built by Siemens.[1] In October 2017, the Xcelsior CHARGE sub-line was introduced.[1] The Xcelsior CHARGE variant (XEnn) uses the Siemens ELFA2 electric drive system with different options for battery capacity, depending on the charging speed and range required.[2] The traction motor used has an output of either {{convert|160|or|210|kW|hp|order=flip|abbr=on}} and {{convert|1033|or|1475|lbft|Nm|abbr=on}}.[5] Batteries are supplied by XALT Energy[3] or A123 Systems (XE60 long-range models and XHEnn fuel cell models).[5] On-route rapid charging is provided through an overhead pantograph designed to be interoperable with the SAE J3105 standard supplying 300–450 kW. Shop or depot charging may be performed using SAE J3068 and J1772 connectors supplying up to 150 kW.[5][9] The articulated XE60 uses the ZF AxTrax AVE[4] on the middle axle.[5] The AxTrax AVE (formerly known as the AVE 130)[6] uses two electric motors (one per wheel), each with a maximum continuous/peak output of {{convert|120|/|250|kW|hp|abbr=on|order=flip}} and maximum continuous/peak torque of {{convert|8200|/|22000|Nm|order=flip|abbr=on}}. Each motor is an asynchronous three-phase AC motor operating on 650 VDC with an input current of 250 (continuous) to 340 (peak) amps, using a single-speed reduction gear ratio of 22.66:1. The complete axle assembly weighs {{convert|1250|kg|lb|abbr=on|order=flip}}[7] At Altoona, the as-tested empty weight of an XE40 was measured at {{convert|32770|lb|abbr=on}} with a capacity of 76 (38 seated passengers + 37 standing passengers + 1 driver) for a total GVW of {{convert|43550|lb|abbr=on}}. It was equipped with 4 XALT Xsyst 7 (7 kWh) batteries and a SPHEROS fuel-fired heater. When accelerating from a constant speed, the bus emitted an average maximum noise level of 66.1 dB(A),[8] considerably lower than the average maximum noise level of 70.4 dB(A) measured from a conventionally-powered XD40.[9] XHE fuel cell busThe CHARGE model can be equipped with a hydrogen fuel cell (XHEnn), which acts as an on-board charger to extend range.[10] Earlier New Flyer fuel cell buses were based on the preceding Low Floor chassis, designated H40LFR, and integrated by an outside vendor. In 2016, New Flyer received an order for 25 XHE40 buses under the California Air Resources Board Air Quality Improvement Program (AQIP).[11] The XHE40 uses a MAN SE model 1350 rear axle with a traction motor from Siemens; like the XE60, the XHE60 also uses a MAN 1350 rear axle as a pusher, but adds a ZF AxTrax AVE middle axle as a puller for traction-challenged conditions.[18] An XHE60 tested at Altoona weighed {{convert|49890|lb|abbr=on}} empty; with a total capacity of 132 (1 driver, 50 seated, 81 standing), the estimated GVW was {{convert|69750|lb|abbr=on}}. The fuel cell was a Ballard HD85 with an 85 kW output.[12] DeploymentThe Xcelsior was introduced at the 2008 APTA Expo held in San Diego. New Flyer reduced weight by approximately 10% compared to its preceding Low Floor series, in the interest of fuel economy.[13] Brampton Transit, serving Brampton, Ontario, was the first agency to order the Xcelsior.[14] The first trolleybus version of the Xcelsior was an XT40 built in 2014 for the Seattle trolleybus system, operated by King County Metro,[15] the first unit of an order placed in 2013.[16] King County Metro also purchased the XT60 (articulated trolleybus),[16] and both XT40s and XT60s were subsequently purchased by the San Francisco Municipal Railway, for the San Francisco trolleybus system.[17] The first Xcelsior battery electric buses (XE40) were built in 2014 and delivered to the Chicago Transit Authority and Winnipeg Transit.[18] Development of the electric fuel cell buses is centered in California, with AC Transit serving as the lead agency for one XHE60, and SunLine Transit Agency, AC Transit, and Orange County Transportation Authority testing several variants of XHE40.[18] Competition
References1. ^{{cite press release |url=https://news.usa.siemens.biz/press-release/industry/siemens-electric-drive-system-power-new-line-transit-buses |title=Siemens electric Drive System to Power New Line of Transit Buses |date=October 28, 2014 |publisher=Siemens |accessdate=24 December 2018}} {{commons category}}2. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.newflyer.com/site-content/uploads/2018/10/XcelsiorCHARGE_1018_NF-compressed.pdf |title=Xcelsior CHARGE |date=October 2018 |publisher=New Flyer Industries |accessdate=December 10, 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.apta.com/mc/university/presentations/Documents/New%20Flyer%20Xcelsior%20CHARGE%E2%84%A2%20XE35,%20XE40%20and%20XE60%20Battery%20Electric%20Buses.pdf |title=New Flyer Xcelsior CHARGE™ |author=New Flyer Industries |date=June 26, 2018 |publisher=American Public Transportation Association |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.trucks.com/2018/09/19/new-flyer-zf-friedrichshafen-electric-buses-usa/ |title=New Flyer and ZF Building 100 Electric Buses for U.S. |author=ZumMallen, Ryan |date=September 19, 2018 |work=Trucks |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite magazine |url=http://busmag.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Electric-April.pdf |title=Charging Ahead with Electric Buses |author=Plachno, Larry |date=April 2018 |magazine=National Bus Trader |pages=16–25 |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 6. ^{{cite magazine |url=https://vision.zf.com/site/magazine/en/articles_13121.html |title=Electric mobility in size XL |author=Thoma, Frank |date=December 11, 2018 |magazine=Vision Magazine |publisher=ZF |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.zf.com/products/media/product_media/buses_1/product_overview_1/product_overview_axle_transmission_systems.pdf |title=Product Overview: Axle & Transmission Systems for Buses & Coaches |date=November 2018 |publisher=ZF |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 8. ^{{cite report |url=http://apps.altoonabustest.psu.edu/buses/reports/458.pdf |title=Federal Transit Bus Test: New Flyer XE40 |date=July 2015 |publisher=The Thomas D. Larson Pennsylvania Transportation Institute, The Pennsylvania State University |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 9. ^{{cite report |url=http://apps.altoonabustest.psu.edu/buses/reports/416.pdf |title=Federal Transit Bus Test: New Flyer XD40 |date=November 2012 |publisher=The Thomas D. Larson Pennsylvania Transportation Institute, The Pennsylvania State University |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.newflyer.com/site-content/uploads/2017/10/Xcelsior-Hydrogen-Fuel-Cell-Electric-Bus-1.pdf |title=Xcelsior hydrogen fuel cell-electric bus |date=October 2017 |publisher=New Flyer Industries |accessdate=December 10, 2018}} 11. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://caltransit.org/cta/assets/Fall%20Conference/2017/PPTs/Maintenance/MAINT-Zero%20Emission%20Implementations%20-%20Warren.pdf |title=Zero-Emission Implementations |author=Warren, David |date=November 9, 2017 |publisher=California Transit Association |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 12. ^1 {{cite report |url=http://apps.altoonabustest.psu.edu/buses/reports/499.pdf |title=Federal Transit Bus Test: New Flyer XHE60 |date=August 2018 |publisher=The Thomas D. Larson Pennsylvania Transportation Institute, The Pennsylvania State University |accessdate=24 December 2018}} 13. ^{{cite magazine |url=https://www.metro-magazine.com/resources/metro_apta08.pdf |title=Transportation's Green Future on Display at APTA EXPO |author1=Starcic, Janna |author2=Roman, Alex |author3=Schlosser, Nicole |date=November-December 2008 |magazine=Metro Magazine |pages=20–50 |accessdate=December 10, 2018}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=https://busride.com/xcelsior-gives-a-spirited-ride/ |title=Xcelsior gives a spirited ride |author=Hubbard, David |date=March 1, 2009 |work=Bus Ride |accessdate=December 10, 2018}} 15. ^{{cite news|author=|title=Trolleynews [regular news section]|magazine=Trolleybus Magazine|number=318|date=November–December 2014|page=164|publisher=National Trolleybus Association|location=UK|issn=0266-7452}} 16. ^1 {{cite news|author=|title=Trolleynews [regular news section]|magazine=Trolleybus Magazine|number=311|date=September–October 2013|pages=136–137|publisher=National Trolleybus Association|location=UK|issn=0266-7452}} 17. ^{{cite news|author=|title=Trolleynews [regular news section]|magazine=Trolleybus Magazine|number=335|date=September–October 2017|page=197|publisher=National Trolleybus Association|location=UK|issn=0266-7452}} 18. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://cafcp.org/sites/default/files/New-Flyer-Electric-Bus-2018-08-15-Rev-B.pdf |title=New Flyer Electric Buses |author=New Flyer Industries |date=August 15, 2018 |publisher=California Fuel Cell Partnership |accessdate=24 December 2018}} External links
4 : Buses of Canada|Buses of the United States|New Flyer Industries|Vehicles introduced in 2008 |
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