| 词条 | Sphenodontidae |
| 释义 |
|fossil_range= Early Jurassic–Holocene, {{fossilrange|176|0}} |image=Tuatara.jpg |image_caption= Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) |taxon = Sphenodontidae |authority = Cope, 1870 (conserved name) |type_species = Hatteria punctata |type_species_authority = Gray, 1842 |subdivision_ranks=Subgroups |subdivision=
| synonyms =
}} Sphenodontidae is a family within the reptile group Rhynchocephalia. Most members of this family are only known from fossils but there is one living member, the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus)[2] from New Zealand. They were a quite ecologically diverse group, ranging from terrestrial carnivores and insectivores (Sphenodon) to aquatic herbivores (Ankylosphenodon) and durophagy (Oenosaurus[3]). The following is a cladogram of Rhynchocephalia after Rauhut et al. (2012):[3] {{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:90%|label1=Sphenodontidae |1={{clade |1=Sphenodon (Tuatara) |2={{clade |1=Oenosaurus |2={{clade |1=Cynosphenodon |2=Zapatadon }} }} }} }} References1. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Apesteguia | first1 = R. O. Gomez | last2 = Rougier | first2 = G. W. | year = 2012 | title = A basal sphenodontian (Lepidosauria) from the Jurassic of Patagonia: new insights on the phylogeny and biogeography of Gondwanan rhynchocephalians | url = | journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 166 | issue = | pages = 342–360 | doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00837.x}} [R. Benson/R. Benson] {{Portal|Paleontology}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q3493224}}{{reptile-stub}}2. ^Sphenodon punctatus in the Reptile Database, accessed 23 Jan 2016 3. ^1 {{Cite journal | last1 = Rauhut | first1 = O. W. M. | last2 = Heyng | first2 = A. M. | last3 = López-Arbarello | first3 = A. | last4 = Hecker | first4 = A. | title = A new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Germany with a dentition that is unique amongst tetrapods | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0046839 | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 7 | issue = 10 | pages = e46839 | year = 2012 | pmid = 23118861| pmc = 3485277}} 47 : Sphenodontia|Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope|Reptile families|Extant Early Jurassic first appearances|Toarcian first appearances|Toarcian taxonomic families|Aalenian taxonomic families|Bajocian taxonomic families|Bathonian taxonomic families|Callovian taxonomic families|Oxfordian taxonomic families|Kimmeridgian taxonomic families|Tithonian taxonomic families|Berriasian taxonomic families|Valanginian taxonomic families|Hauterivian taxonomic families|Barremian taxonomic families|Aptian taxonomic families|Albian taxonomic families|Cenomanian taxonomic families|Turonian taxonomic families|Coniacian taxonomic families|Santonian taxonomic families|Campanian taxonomic families|Maastrichtian taxonomic families|Danian taxonomic families|Selandian taxonomic families|Thanetian taxonomic families|Ypresian taxonomic families|Lutetian taxonomic families|Bartonian taxonomic families|Priabonian taxonomic families|Rupelian taxonomic families|Chattian taxonomic families|Aquitanian taxonomic families|Burdigalian taxonomic families|Langhian taxonomic families|Serravallian taxonomic families|Tortonian taxonomic families|Messinian taxonomic families|Zanclean taxonomic families|Piacenzian taxonomic families|Gelasian taxonomic families|Calabrian taxonomic families|Ionian taxonomic families|Tarantian taxonomic families|Holocene taxonomic families |
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