| 词条 | Nicholson River (Queensland) |
| 释义 |
| name = Nicholson | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Australia Queensland | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Location of Nicholson River mouth in Queensland | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Australia | subdivision_type2 = Territory | subdivision_name2 = Northern Territory | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | length = {{convert|725|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = Barkly Tableland | source1_location = west of China Wall, Northern Territory | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|240|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = Gulf of Carpentaria | mouth_location = Pasco Inlet, Queensland | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|17|30|21|S|139|36|14|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|53200|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = [1] }} The Nicholson River is a river located in the Northern Territory and the state of Queensland, Australia. Course and featuresThe headwaters of the river rise at the western end of China Wall on the Barkly Tableland,[2] in the Northern Territory and head in a south easterly direction. The river then heads due east and crosses the border into the northwest region of Queensland near Nudjabarra across mostly uninhabited plains. It continues east across the Shadforth Plain and past the Aboriginal community of Doomadgee. The river then veers north near the Tiranna Roadhouse across Hann Crossing and past Escott, just west of Burketown where it is joined by its main tributary the Gregory River. The river continues north and later discharges into Pasco Inlet and the Gulf of Carpentaria.[1] The ephemeral Nicholson has a length of approximately {{convert|390|km|mi|0}}.[3] The drainage basin of the river occupies an area of {{convert|53200|km2|sqmi|0}}[4] of which an area of {{convert|15733|km2|sqmi|0}} is in the Northern Territory and the rest in Queensland. The watershed is wedged between the watersheds for the Robinson River and Settlement Creek watersheds to the north, the Barkly River catchment to the south[5] and the Leichhardt River catchment to the east. The river had a mean annual discharge of {{convert|2237|GL|impgal USgal|sigfig=3}}.[6] HistoryThe traditional owners of the area are the Ganggalida[7] Wanyi, Maga-Kutana, Wakabunga, Nguburinji and Mingin peoples who have inhabited the region for thousands of years.[4] The explorer, Ludwig Leichhardt, passed through the area during his 1845 overland expedition from Moreton Bay in Queensland to Port Essington in the Northern Territory. Leichhardt named the river for Dr William Alleyne Nicholson of Bristol in England. In his diary Leichhardt wrote that Nicholson's generous friendship had not only enabled me to devote my time to the study of the natural sciences, but to come out to Australia....[8] The river is often inundated by heavy rainfall following cyclones that cross the catchment from either the Coral Sea or from the Gulf of Carpentaria. Record flood events occurred in 1971 through the catchment with lesser floods in 2000, 2004 and 2009 all of which led to road closures in the area.[2] See also{{stack|{{Portal|Northern Territory|Water|Environment|Queensland}}}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.bonzle.com/c/a?a=p&p=214194&cmd=sp|title=Map of Nicholson River|accessdate=11 December 2015|work=Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia}} {{Rivers of the Northern Territory |state=collapsed}}{{Rivers of Queensland|state=collapsed}}2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/qld/flood/brochures/nicholson/nicholson.shtml|title=Flood warning system for the Nicholson River|year=2015|accessdate=1 June 2015|publisher=Bureau of Meteorology}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://research.jcu.edu.au/tropwater/resources/04%2010%20Gregory%20River%20Report.pdf|title=Ecological Assessment of the Freshwater Wetlands in the Nicholson-Gregory Catchment, North-Western Queensland.|date=1 July 2005|accessdate=2 June 2015|publisher=James Cook University}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.southerngulf.com.au/page/The%20Land#nicholson|title=The Land - Overview|accessdate=1 June 2015|publisher=Southern Gulf Catchments|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411090436/http://www.southerngulf.com.au/page/The%20Land#nicholson|archivedate=11 April 2015|df=dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lrm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/20809/map01.pdf|title=Drainage Divisions|year=2005|accessdate=1 June 2015|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401173613/http://lrm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/20809/map01.pdf|archivedate=1 April 2015|df=dmy-all}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.southerngulf.com.au/index.php?element=Southern+Gulf+of+Carpentaria+Fish+Biodiversity.pdf |title=Rapid assessment of fish biodiversity in southern Gulf of Carpentaria catchments|accessdate=1 June 2015|publisher=National Heritage Trust|authors=Alf Hogan and Terry Vallance|date=1 February 2005}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ausanthrop.net/resources/ausanthrop_db/detail.php?id_search=171|title=Jokula|work=AusAnthrop Australian Aboriginal tribal database|accessdate=1 June 2015|publisher=Ausanthrop}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ntlis.nt.gov.au/placenames/view.jsp?id=16224|title=Place Names Register Extract - Nicholson River|accessdate=1 June 2015|work=NT Place Names Register|publisher=Northern Territory Government}} 4 : Rivers of the Northern Territory|Rivers of Queensland|Gulf of Carpentaria|North West Queensland |
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