| 词条 | Normandy format | ||||||||
| 释义 |
| date = July 2017 }}Normandy format ({{lang-fr|Format Normandie}}), also known as the Normandy contact group,[1] or the Normandy Four, is a diplomatic group of senior representatives of the four countries (Germany, Russia, Ukraine and France) to resolve the war in Eastern Ukraine.[2] The group was created on June 6, 2014, when France, Germany, Russia, and Ukraine leaders met on the margins of the 70th anniversary of the D-Day allied landings in Normandy.[3] It operates mainly through telephone calls between the leaders and their respective ministers of foreign affairs. The Normandy Format has sometimes been expanded to include Italy and the UK.[4][5] Meetings
ParticipantsHeads of state/governmentMinisters of Foreign Affairs{{Clear}}See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-ukraine-snub-1.3753460|title=Friends and foes alike don't see Canada as unbiased on Ukraine, experts say|last=Brewster|first=Murray|date=11 September 2016|website=|publisher=CBC News|access-date=11 September 2016}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://news.trust.org/item/20160905143052-wd0nm/|title=Russia's Putin says supports future Normandy format talks on Ukraine|last=|first=|date=5 September 2016|website=news.trust.org|publisher=Thomson Reuters Foundation|access-date=11 September 2016}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/impact-normandy-format-conflict-ukraine-four-leaders-three-cease-fires-and-two-summits|title=The Impact of the Normandy Format on the Conflict in Ukraine: Four Leaders, Three Cease-fires, and Two Summits {{!}} Center for Strategic and International Studies|website=www.csis.org|language=en|access-date=2017-05-02}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/EN/Reiseberichte/2014/2014-10-16-merkel-mailand-asem-gipfel_en.html?nn=709674|title=Accepting joint responsibility|last=|first=|date=17 October 2014|website=bundesregierung.de|publisher=German government|access-date=17 February 2017}} 5. ^ 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bundesregierung.de/Content/EN/Reiseberichte/2014/2014-10-16-merkel-mailand-asem-gipfel_en.html?nn=709674|title=Accepting joint responsibility|last=|first=|date=17 October 2014|website=bundesregierung.de|publisher=German government|access-date=17 February 2017}} 17 : Ukrainian crisis|21st-century diplomatic conferences|National security|2014 in politics|2015 in politics|2016 in politics|2014 in international relations|2015 in international relations|2016 in international relations|Foreign relations of Russia|Foreign relations of Ukraine|Foreign relations of France|Foreign relations of Germany|François Hollande|Angela Merkel|Vladimir Putin|Russia–Ukraine relations |
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