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词条 North Carolina tornado outbreak of April 2014
释义

  1. Meteorological synopsis

     Preceding severe weather event (April 22–24)  Tornado outbreak 

  2. Confirmed tornadoes

  3. Aftermath

  4. See also

  5. Notes

  6. References

{{Infobox storm
| name = North Carolina tornado outbreak of April 2014
| image = April 25, 2014 Greene County, North Carolina tornado.jpg
| alt =
| caption = A tornado on the ground in Greene County, North Carolina
| type = Tornado outbreak
| active = April 25, 2014
| lowest pressure =
| lowest temperature =
| tornadoes = 11
| fujitascale = EF3
| tornado duration = 4 hours, 31 minutes
| highest winds = {{convert|150|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} (Washington Park, North Carolina EF3 tornado)
{{convert|80|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} (Rocky, Oklahoma on April 23)
| hail = {{convert|4.25|in|cm|abbr=on}} in West, Mississippi on April 24
| gusts =
| maximum snow =
| power outages =
| total fatalities = 1 fatality, 27 injuries
| damages = Unknown
| affected =
| current advisories =
| enhanced = yes
| notes =
}}

On April 25, 2014, a localized tornado outbreak struck North Carolina, resulting in the first tornado-related fatality during that year in the United States. The event marked the latest formation of the first EF3 or stronger tornado during a calendar year and latest date for the first tornadic death.

Throughout North Carolina, the tornadoes killed 1 person and injured 27 others. A total of 327 homes were damaged or destroyed across four counties, with 60% of these being in Beaufort County.[1]

Meteorological synopsis

Preceding severe weather event (April 22–24)

On April 20, meteorologists at the Storm Prediction Center noted that a significant change in the large-scale synoptic pattern across the United States would allow for a trough to move inland over the Northwestern United States. They noted the possibility of isolated severe thunderstorms across the Rocky Mountain Foothills.[1] This system moved into the region two days later and prompted the issuance of a slight-risk around the Yellowstone National Park region in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. Ahead of the trough, upper-level cooling above modest surface heating enhanced low-level lapse rates and allowed for scattered severe storms. Due to a lack of significant moisture, with dew points in the area only at {{convert|30|F|C|abbr=on}}, activity was constrained.[2] A severe thunderstorm watch was issued for the region by 2:30 p.m. MDT (2030 UTC) as a cold front associated with the trough moved through.[3] Straight-line winds up to {{convert|66|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} occurred in the area. Further south, a gust of {{convert|72|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} was measured in northwest of Wild Horse, Colorado during a downburst.[4] Across Idaho, approximately 1,600 Rocky Mountain Power customers lost electricity due to the storms. A two vehicle accident near Fredregill was also blamed on the system.[5]

On April 23, the system continued steadily eastward across the Central United States. Daytime heating ahead of the system fueled instability that later fed widespread severe activity that extended from Texas to Nebraska. Convective available potential energy (CAPE) values across the area averaged 1,000 J/kg in Kansas and peaked near 2,000 J/kg in Texas. In contrast to the risk of supercells capable of producing very large hail,[6] only two reports of {{convert|2|in|cm|abbr=on}} diameter hail were received that day. In some places, hail from the storms lasted more than 10 minutes and accumulated on the ground. Hurricane-force winds were reported with a few of the cells, namely near Rocky, Oklahoma where gusts reached {{convert|80|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} in a downburst. In Ripley, Oklahoma, straight-line winds tore a metal roof off a home and damaged a few others.[7]

By April 24, the system had transformed into a shortwave trough over the Central Plains with a cold front extending southward to the Gulf of Mexico. Several area of low pressure were excepted to form along this front and propagate northward, congealing into a single system later that day. Ahead of the front, weak, elevated thunderstorms formed; however, a second line closer to the front became better defined during the day due to enhanced moisture. There was initially some question as to the intensity these storms would achieve due to the preceding line limiting daytime heating.[8]

Tornado outbreak

In advance of a compact shortwave trough and associated cold front,[9] numerous severe thunderstorms developed across central and eastern North Carolina into southern Virginia. An EF3 tornado tracked through the Whichards Beach area, damaging or destroying 100 homes, and injuring 16 people. A separate circulation produced a series of damaging tornadoes near Elizabeth City, including two EF2s, one of which resulted in a fatality. This event marks the latest time of formation of the first EF3+ tornado in any year on record.[10]

Straight-line winds estimated at {{convert|75|to|80|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} destroyed an outbuilding and part of a barn near Louisberg in Franklin County.[11]

Confirmed tornadoes

{{Tornado Chart
|Total = 11
|F0 = 4
|F1 = 3
|F2 = 3
|F3 = 1
|F4 = 0
|F5 = 0
|Enhanced=yes
}}
All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.||group="nb"|name="Date/Time"}}
EF#LocationCounty / ParishStateStart Coord.Time (UTC)Path lengthMax widthSummaryRefs
cat1}} | EF1SW of BrinkleyvilleHalifaxNC36.2035|-77.9672|name=Brinkleyville (Apr. 25, EF1)}}1959–?2|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}75|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}The tornado initially snapped about 20 pine trees along North Carolina Highway 43. It then crossed through a heavily wooded area before damaging eight mobile homes, two of which had significant roof damage. One of the mobile homes had a steel rod driven through the side of it. Two carports were destroyed, two houses sustained minor damage, and many other trees (mostly oak and pine) were downed.[13][12]
storm}} | EF0N of ShineGreeneNC35.479|-77.782|name=Shine (Apr. 25, EF0)}}20370.25|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}50|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}EF0 damage to trees and six homes. A mobile home sustained extensive damage due to a tree falling on it. An amateur radio antenna was bent in half.[13][13]
cat1}} | EF1S of WalstonburgGreeneNC35.53|-77.74|name=Walstonburg (Apr. 25, EF1)}}20464|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}125|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}EF0 to low-end EF1 damage to several farm outbuildings, one store, several mobiles homes, trees, and two homes. Tornado inflicted strong EF1 damage to the side of a poultry farm building.[13][14]
storm}} | EF0E of ArthurPittNCunknownunknown0.1|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}20|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}Brief touchdown in a rural area resulted in no damage.[15]
cat2}} | EF2NE of ChicodPittNC35.47|-77.26|name=Chicod (Apr. 25, EF2)}}23221|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}75|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}Brief low-end EF2 tornado damaged or destroyed several mobile homes and outbuildings, as well as farm equipment. A tractor-trailer and a pickup truck were flipped and numerous trees were downed as well.[16][17]
cat3}} | EF3W of Chocowinity to N of BathBeaufortNC35.51|-77.12|name=Chocowinity (Apr. 25, EF3)}}2335–001021|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}350|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}10|mi|km|}}, the tornado weakened back to EF0–EF1 range, producing minor damage across sparsely populated farmland. In all, 150 to 200 homes sustained extensive damage, with many of those being completely destroyed. Hundreds of trees were downed along the path as well. Sixteen people were injured.[16][17][18]
cat2}} | EF2Blackrock to E of RosewoodBertie Chowan, Perquimans, PasquotankNC36.085|-76.690|name=Macedonia (Apr. 25, EF2)}}2320–001535|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}440|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}125|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}. Damage elsewhere along most of the tornado's path was minor.[16][19]
cat2}} | EF2SW of Saint Johns to ENE of IndiantownChowan, Perquimans, Pasquotank, CamdenNC36.05|-76.55|name=Saint Johns (Apr. 25, EF2)}}2337–003040|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}440|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}1 death – Just 17 minutes after the prior event, another tornado touched down in extreme western Chowan. This tornado followed a nearly identical path to the preceding one, though remained south of U.S. Route 17 instead of along/north of it. The tornado moved through Elizabeth City in Pasquotank County at EF1 intensity before crossing into Camden County. It later dissipated shortly before reaching the Camden–Currituck County line. Several homes and mobile homes were heavily damaged or destroyed, and extensive tree and power line damage occurred. An 11-month-old baby sustained severe injuries in Edenton near the beginning of the path and died in the hospital four days later.[16][19][20]
cat1}} | EF1W of Nixonton to Elizabeth CityPerquimans, PasquotankNC36.20|-76.28|name=Nixonton (Apr. 25, EF1)}}2350–00106|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}440|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}Numerous trees were downed and mobile homes were damaged.[16][19][21]
storm}} | EF0N of Elizabeth CityPasquotankNCunknownunknown.47|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}50|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}Trees were snapped and homes had shingles torn off.[22]
storm}} | EF0JarvisburgCurrituckNC36.1985|-75.8710|name=Nixonton (Apr. 25, EF0)}}0028–00300.5|mi|km|abbr=on|sortable=on}}30|yd|m|abbr=on|sortable=on}}A church outbuilding sustained minor damage and numerous trees were snapped or uprooted. A playground was damaged as well.[16][19]

Aftermath

In the wake of the tornadoes, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory declared a state of emergency for Beaufort, Perquimans, Chowan and Pasquotank Counties. He subsequently made a request for federal disaster aid to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) on May 2. Two public shelters were opened in Beaufort Country.[23] On May 9, FEMA formally denied McCrory's request, stating that the scale of damage was not severe enough to warrant assistance. Though McCrory could have appealed to President Barack Obama, he opted not to and placed priority on providing affected residents with immediate aid.[24] On May 14, local disaster aid in conjunction with the Small Business Administration was approved for residents in Beaufort, Pasquotank, and Perquimans Counties.[23][25]

See also

{{Portal|Weather}}
  • List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
  • Tornadoes of 2014
  • Tornado outbreak of April 27–30, 2014 – A deadly tornado outbreak that occurred just two days later across much of the Central and Eastern United States

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|author=Mark Darrow|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 20, 2014|accessdate=May 14, 2014|title=Apr 20, 2014 0730 UTC Day 3 Severe Thunderstorm Outlook|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/outlook/archive/2014/day3otlk_20140420_0730.html}}
2. ^{{cite web|author=Roger Edwards and Jaret W. Rogers|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 22, 2014|accessdate=May 14, 2014|title=Apr 22, 2014 1300 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/outlook/archive/2014/day1otlk_20140422_1300.html}}
3. ^{{cite web|author=Stephen Corfidi|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 22, 2014|accessdate=May 14, 2014|title= Severe Thunderstorm Watch 86|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/watch/2014/ww0086.html}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=20140422's Storm Reports (1200 UTC − 1159 UTC)|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/140422_rpts.html|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=May 14, 2014|date=May 2, 2014}}
5. ^{{cite web|publisher=Idaho State Journal |date=April 23, 2014 |accessdate=May 14, 2014 |title=Winds, rain lead to power outages |url=http://www.idahostatejournal.com/members/winds-rain-lead-to-power-outages/article_1d34ce74-ca9d-11e3-a317-001a4bcf887a.html |archivedate=May 14, 2014 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6PZdzQrLy?url=http://www.idahostatejournal.com/members/winds-rain-lead-to-power-outages/article_1d34ce74-ca9d-11e3-a317-001a4bcf887a.html |deadurl=no |df= }}
6. ^{{cite web|author=Stephen Corfidi and Ariel E. Cohen|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 23, 2014|accessdate=May 14, 2014|title=Apr 23, 2014 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/outlook/archive/2014/day1otlk_20140423_1630.html}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=20140423's Storm Reports (1200 UTC − 1159 UTC)|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/140423_rpts.html|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=May 14, 2014|date=May 3, 2014}}
8. ^{{cite web|author=Roger Edwards and Jaret W. Rogers|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 24, 2014|accessdate=May 14, 2014|title=Apr 24, 2014 1300 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/outlook/archive/2014/day1otlk_20140424_1300.html}}
9. ^{{cite web|author=Rich L. Thompson|author2=Andy R. Dean|title=April 25, 2014 1630 UTC Day 1 Convective Outlook|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/outlook/archive/2014/day1otlk_20140425_1630.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=Storm Prediction Center|date=April 25, 2014|accessdate=April 26, 2014}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=EF3 Tornado Confirmed; 16 People Injured, Some 100 Homes Damaged In Beaufort County|url=http://www.witn.com/home/headlines/Storm-Damage--Power-Outages-In-Beaufort-County-256786421.html|publisher=WITN News|work=WITN News|date=April 26, 2014|accessdate=April 26, 2014}}
11. ^{{cite report|work=National Weather Service office in Raleigh, North Carolina|publisher=Iowa State University|date=April 26, 2014|accessdate=May 14, 2014|title=Straight Line Wind Damage Confirmed 10 Miles East of Louisburg in Franklin County North Carolina|url=http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?dir=next&pil=PNSRAH&e=201404262239}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Tornado confirmed near Brinkleyville in Halifax County North Carolina|url=http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSRAH&e=201404262239|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Weather Service Office in Raleigh, North Carolina|date=April 26, 2014|accessdate=April 27, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=Tornado confirmed near Shine in Greene County North Carolina|url=http://kamala.cod.edu/offs/KMHX/1404272322.nous42.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Weather Service Office in Morehead City, North Carolina|date=April 27, 2014|accessdate=April 28, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429080516/http://kamala.cod.edu/offs/KMHX/1404272322.nous42.html|archivedate=April 29, 2014|df=}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=Tornado confirmed near Walstonburg in Greene County North Carolina|url=http://kamala.cod.edu/offs/KMHX/1404272322.nous42.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|work=National Weather Service Office in Morehead City, North Carolina|date=April 27, 2014|accessdate=April 28, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429080516/http://kamala.cod.edu/offs/KMHX/1404272322.nous42.html|archivedate=April 29, 2014|df=}}
15. ^http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=505735
16. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=20140425's Storm Reports (1200 UTC − 1159 UTC)|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/140425_rpts.html|work=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=April 26, 2014|date=April 25, 2014}}
17. ^1 {{cite web|work=National Weather Service Office in Newport/Morehead City, North Carolina|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 26, 2014|accessdate=April 27, 2014|title=April 25, 2014 - Tornado Outbreak|url=http://www.weather.gov/mhx/April25Tornado}}
18. ^http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=505635
19. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|work=National Weather Service Office in Wakefield, Virginia|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=April 26, 2014|accessdate=April 27, 2014|title=EF-1/EF-2 Tornadoes Confirmed - Chowan to Pasquotank County, April 25, 2014|url=http://www.weather.gov/akq/042514tornadoes}}
20. ^http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=512792
21. ^http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=512774
22. ^http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=517807
23. ^1 2 {{cite web |publisher=North Carolina Department of Public Safety |date=May 15, 2014 |accessdate=May 15, 2014 |title=April 25 Tornadoes in Eastern North Carolina |url=https://www.ncdps.gov/index2.cfm?a=000003,000010,002050,002918 |archivedate=May 15, 2014 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6Pb8bQyXC?url=https://www.ncdps.gov/index2.cfm?a=000003,000010,002050,002918 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
24. ^{{cite web|publisher=WITN|date=May 13, 2014|accessdate=May 15, 2014|title=McCrory Won't Appeal FEMA Decision Denying Tornado Help|url=http://www.witn.com/home/headlines/Congressman-Outraged-After-FEMA-Denies-Federal-Aid-For-Storm-Ravaged-ENC-258708611.html}}
25. ^{{cite web|publisher=WRAL|date=May 15, 2014|accessdate=May 15, 2014|title=Disaster aid approved in wake of NC tornadoes|url=http://www.wral.com/disaster-aid-approved-in-wake-of-nc-tornadoes/13648408/}}

References

{{Reflist}}{{2014 tornado outbreaks}}

6 : 2014 in North Carolina|F3 tornadoes|Tornadoes of 2014|Tornadoes in North Carolina|April 2014 events in the United States|2014 natural disasters in the United States
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