| 词条 | Northfield Mountain (hydroelectricity facility) |
| 释义 |
HistoryEngineering studies for the plant began in October 1964, with early site preparation starting three years later. In 1972 its {{convert|1,168|MW}} hydroelectric plant became operational as the largest such facility in the world.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} The facility was built to balance the supply from the nearby Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant.[3] DesignThe plant was built entirely underground, and located about {{convert|5.5|mi}} up the Connecticut River from Turners Falls Dam. A stretch of the Connecticut River, extending some {{convert|20|mi}} north from this dam to the Vernon Dam, Vermont, serves as the station's lower reservoir. During periods of lower electrical power demand, the plant pumps water from this lower reservoir through the Northfield Mountain Tailrace Tunnel to a man-made upper reservoir. At times of high demand, water is released to flow downhill from this upper reservoir through a turbine generator, where it then collects in the lower reservoir to be stored until again pumped to the upper reservoir. Northfield Mountain's upper reservoir covers {{convert|300|acre}} at {{convert|800|ft}} above the river, with total storage of {{convert|5.6|e9USgal}} of water. Its underground powerhouse lies at {{convert|700|ft}} below the surface and is accessible through a {{convert|2500|ft|adj=on}}-long tunnel; it includes four large reversible turbines, each of which can pump {{convert|15,200|cuft}} of water per second and release {{convert|20,000|cuft}} of water per second to generate {{convert|1,143|MW}} of electricity.[4] The turbines can ramp up in 10 minutes, and deliver full power for 8 hours.[3] The "lower reservoir" noted above is a pool along the Connecticut River above Turner's Falls Dam. Since the dam at Turner's Falls was raised in the early 1970s for Northfield Mountain, the banks of the Connecticut River have been re-adjusting to the new water level. References1. ^http://www.h2opower.ca/firstlightpower/power-facilities/ 2. ^http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2008/12/french-group-completes-buy-of-us-hydro-operator-firstlight.html 3. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://www.wbur.org/bostonomix/2016/12/02/northfield-mountain-hydroelectric-station |title=New England's Largest Battery Is Hidden Inside A Mass. Mountain |last=Gellerman |first=Bruce |date=December 2, 2016 |publisher=WBUR-FM |website=www.wbur.org |language=en |access-date=2017-12-13 |quote=When this facility was built, it was actually the largest pumped storage facility in the world. Vermont Yankee being a nuclear power plant generates power 24/7, or what they call base load," Bakas says. "So as a result of that at night they had all this excess power on the grid. So somebody needed to take it. So this plant was conceived and built to take that off-peak power and utilize it through pumping water during off-peak periods.}} 4. ^http://www.northfieldrelicensing.com/Pages/Northfield.aspx External links{{stack|{{Portal|Vermont|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
2 : Energy infrastructure completed in 1972|Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations in the United States |
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