“North Western State Railway”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The North Western State Railway (NWR) was formed in January 1886 from the merger of the Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway, the Indus Valley State Railway, the Punjab Northern State Railway, the eastern section of the Sind–Sagar Railway and the southern section of the Sind–Pishin State Railway and the Kandahar State Railway.^[2]

History

The military and strategic concerns for securing the border with Afghanistan were such that, Francis Langford O'Callaghan (who was posted from the state railways as engineer-in-chief) was called upon for a number of demanding railway projects, surveys and constructions in the Northwest Frontier.^[3] What initially started off as military and strategic railway project, ended up becoming part of the North Western State Railway network upon its formation in 1886. The Bolan Pass railway was completed in 1886 and in 1887 the Khawaja Amran Railway Survey included the Khojak Tunnel and the Chaman Extension Railway.^[4] The Khojak Tunnel opened in 1891 and the railway reached Chaman near the Afghan border. By 1905, it was the longest railway under one administration and the strategic railway of the entire Northwest frontier. In 1947, much of the North Western State Railway fell in Pakistan territory domain became part of the Pakistan Western Railways, while railways in Indian territory became incorporated into the Eastern Punjab Railway.^[5]

Mergers

The North Western State Railway network was formed by merging several major and minor railways together. These included:

Major railways absorbed

Minor railways absorbed

Construction

The North Western State Railway undertook a major railway expansion program, which included:

See also

References

1. ^{{cite book|title=Directory of Railway Officials & Yearbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vOM3AAAAMAAJ|year=1954|publisher=Tothill Press|language=English|page=114|quote=It comprises the whole of the former North-Western system of British India except the lines in the south-eastern Punjab, now the Eastern Punjab Railway of India.}}
2. ^[https://archive.org/details/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 106]; Retrieved 20 Dec 2015
3. ^Institution of Civil Engineers "Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland - O'Callaghan, Francis Langford "; Retrieved on 9 Jul 2016
4. ^"The Imperial Gazetteer of India" v. 21, p. 14.; Retrieved on 13 Jul 2016
5. ^{{cite book|last=Reed|first=Sir Stanley|title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B6sSAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=26 November 2016|year=1949|publisher=Times of India Press|language=English|quote=On that day the Indian portion of tile North-Western was constituted into Eastern Punjab Railway, and the parts of the Bengal- Assam in the province of Assam were formed Into Assam Railway.}}
6. ^[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n118/mode/2up " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; page 110]; Retrieved 16 Feb 2016

External links

"British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue" - Search; Retrieved 30 May 2016

"Grace’s Guide"; Retrieved 30 May 2016

"National Archives from the RAIL collection"; Retrieved 30 May 2016

North Western Railway Magazine - Monthly staff magazine. Some editorial content published in Urdu . No BL holdings. 2 copies (November 1942, December 1945) are held in the Berridge Papers, Cambridge South Asian Archive.

[https://www.panoramio.com/photo/54984118 Picture of the teachers and students of St. Andrew School, Pakistan Railways (then NWR) at Lahore, set up in the late 19th century] panoramio.com

Berridge, Percy Stuart Attwood. Couplings to the Khyber: the story of the North Western Railway. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1969.

Terry Case, North Western Railway. Includes a section about Hal Waters (refer photograph album above)

"History of Northern Railway", Northern Railway.

[https://web.archive.org/web/20130127073836/http://pakistaniat.com/2010/03/01/journeys-to-remember-quetta-lahore-by-rail-in-1925/ Quetta to Lahore by Rail 1925] All Things Pakistan, now an archived website

"Breakup of the North Western Railway and the Anglo-Indian community" by Kenneth Hugh Staynor. indiaofthepast.org

[https://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607/tags/British%20Steam%20Locomotives Images of British Steam Locomotives used by North Western Railways] Ghilzai:panoramio.com (part of [https://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607?comment_page=1&photo_page=1 this] collection)

[https://www.panoramio.com/photo/55027511 An old photograph of a Railway Inspection trolley with removable sailboard used on NWR Hyderabad-Kotri, Sindh, Pakistan]. Ghilzai:panoramio.com (part of [https://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607?comment_page=1&photo_page=1 this] collection)

[https://www.flickr.com/photos/northampton_museum/5044010710/in/set-72157625077918924 Photograph of Troops travelling by train] taken by Private J W Linley of the 2nd Battalion, The Northamptonshire Regiment compiled whilst serving in India 1923-1938. flickr.com/photos/northampton_museum

[https://archive.org/stream/quarterlycivill00offigoog#page/n192/mode/2up Some railway personnel in 1898]. Page 179 Quarterly Civil List for the Punjab: Corrected up to 1st October 1898 Archive.org

2 : Defunct railway companies of Pakistan|Defunct railway companies of India