“NPO Molniya Molniya-1”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Molniya-1 is a six-seater utility aircraft designed and built in Russia during the 1990s.

Design and development

The Molniya-1 six-seat aircraft is a three surface design with a forward balanced canard surface and a square section fuselage with a Vedeneyev M14P nine cylinder radial engine in the rear. Twin booms carry fins with balanced and trim tabbed rudders and a high set tailplane, similarly tabbed and balanced.^[1]

It was intended to cover a wide range of tasks including touring, cargo/mail carrying, business flights, aerial photography, patrol and air ambulance services. The three-surface configuration was intended to provide improved safety and fuel efficiency over conventional types, with the rear-mounted engine lowering cabin noise and vibration.^[2] It flew for the first time on 18 December 1992.^[1]

A Westernised version with a {{convert|350|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip|-1}} Continental TSIO-550-B flat six engine and another, the Moliniya-3 with an Allison 250 turbopop, were proposed.^[1] More broadly, the company were considering a number of larger types based on the three surface configuration.^[3]

Operational history

In 1993 the design received a gold medal at the Eureka-93 World Inventors, Scientific Research and Know-How Salon in Brussels. It was demonstrated at the Le Bourget aero show in 1995.^[2] Only two Moliniyas had been built by about 2000.^[1]

Specifications (Molniya-1)

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|crew=1
|capacity=5 passenger / {{convert|500|kg|lb|abbr=on}} maximum payload
|length m=7.87
|length note=
|span m=8.51
|span note=
|height m=2.31
|height note=
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|wing area sqft=
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=1740
|gross weight lb=
|gross weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=

|perfhide=
|max speed kmh=322
|max speed note=
|cruise speed kmh=290
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=115
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=^[2]
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|range km=500
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=with maximum payload
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=
|ceiling note=
|g limits=
|roll rate=
|climb rate ftmin=750
|climb rate note=at sea level
|time to altitude=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
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|avionics=
}}

References

1. ^¹²³⁴{{cite book |title= Airlife's World Aircraft|last=Simpson|first=Rod|edition=| year=2001|volume= |publisher=Airlife Publishing Ltd |location=Shrewsbury |isbn=1-84037-115-3|page=381}}
2. ^¹²{{cite web|title=Molniya Triplane Aircraft Molniya-1|url=http://www.buran.ru/htm/mol-1.htm|website=buran,ru|accessdate=15 August 2014}}
3. ^{{cite web|title="Molniya" Research & Industrial Corporation|url=http://www.buran.ru/htm/molniya9.htm|website=buran.ru|accessdate=15 August 2014}}