| 词条 | Nyi Ageng Serang |
| 释义 |
Raden Ajeng Kustiyah Wulaningish Retno Edhi (1752–1838), better known as Nyi Ageng Serang, is a National Hero of Indonesia. BiographyNyi Ageng Serang was born under the name Raden Ajeng Kustiyah Wulaningish Retno Edhi in Serang ({{convert|40|km|mi}} north of Solo), in 1752.[1][2] Her father was Pangeran Natapraja (also known as Panembahan Serang), a ruler of Serang and Pangeran Mangkubumi's war commander.[3] She was also a descendant of Sunan Kalijaga.[1] The name Nyi Ageng Serang was given to her after her father died of disease and she took over his position.[3] She helped her father to fight against the Dutch colonial government, which attacked them because her father still maintained troops, in violation of the Treaty of Giyanti.[4] After the battle, she was arrested and taken to Yogyakarta. Then, she was sent back to Serang.[5] At the beginning of Diponegoro War in 1825, 73-year-old Nyi Ageng Serang commanded the force on a stretcher to help Pangeran Diponegoro fighting the Dutch. During the war, she was accompanied by her son-in-law, Raden Mas Pak-pak.[8] She also became a war advisor.[6] She fought in several areas, including Purwodadi, Demak, Semarang, Juwana, Kudus, and Rembang. She was also assigned to defend the area of Prambanan from the Dutch.[5] One of her best-known strategies was the use of lumbu (green taro leaves) for disguise. Her forces attached the lumbu to poles to look like a taro orchard.[7] She stopped fighting after 3 years, although her son-in-law continued fighting. Despite fighting the Dutch, beginning in 1833 they gave her an annuity of 100 gulden per month.[8] She died in Yogyakarta in 1838. Her remains were buried in Beku, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta.[8] LegacyNyi Ageng Serang was awarded the title National Heroine of Indonesia through Presidential Decree number 084/TK/1974 on 13 December 1974.[8][9] One of her grandsons, Raden Mas Soewardi Soerjaningrat, is also a national hero.[10] Her name is used for the building of the Culture and Museum Office ({{lang|id|Dinas Kebudayaan dan Permuseuman}}) in South Jakarta.[11] References1. ^1 {{harvnb|Komandoko|2006|p=245}} 2. ^{{harvnb|Sudarmanto|2007|p=240}} 3. ^1 {{harvnb|Ajisaka|2008|p=17}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Sudarmanto|2007|pp=240–241}} 5. ^1 {{harvnb|Sudarmanto|2007|p=241}} 6. ^{{harvnb|Komandoko|2006|p=246}} 7. ^{{harvnb|Sudarmanto|2007|p=242}} 8. ^{{harvnb|Komandoko|2006|p=247}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.tokohindonesia.com/biografi/article/295-pahlawan/679-ahli-strategi-diponegoro |title=Ahli Strategi Diponegoro |work=tokohindonesia.com |accessdate=9 May 2012}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{harvnb|Ajisaka|2008|p=18}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/jakv1/encyclopedia/detail/2082 |title=Nyi Ageng Serang |work=Ensiklopedi Jakarta |accessdate=9 May 2012}} Bibliography
5 : 1752 births|1838 deaths|National Heroes of Indonesia|Women in 19th-century warfare|Women in war in Indonesia |
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