“Office of Nuclear Energy”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Office of Nuclear Energy (NE) is an agency of the United States Department of Energy which promotes nuclear power as a resource capable of meeting the United States' energy, environmental, and national security needs by resolving technical and regulatory barriers through research, development, and demonstration.

The Office is led by the Assistant Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy, who is appointed by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. The current acting Assistant Secretary is Edward McGinnis.

Overview

The Office of Nuclear Energy is guided by the four research objectives detailed in its [https://web.archive.org/web/20100422025326/http://www.ne.doe.gov/pdfFiles/NuclearEnergy_Roadmap_Final.pdf Nuclear Energy Research and Development Roadmap]:

Organization

The Office is under the general supervision of the Under Secretary of Energy for Energy and Environment. The Office is administered by the Assistant Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy (ASE-NE), who is appointed by the President of the United States. The last nominated and confirmed ASE-NE was John Kotek ^[2], but there has not been a confirmed ASE-NE since Kotek's two-year term expired in January 2017. When no ASE-NE is confirmed, the Department names an Acting Assistant Secretary (usually the Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary) to serve for not more than 12 months. Formally, Dr. Peter B. Lyons, who was appointed by President Barack Obama in April 2011, was the ASE-NE. The Assistant Secretary is assisted in running the Office by a politically appointed Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary and five career Deputy Assistant Secretaries. Each of the Deputy Assistant Secretaries oversee a different branch of the Office's work.

Laboratories

The Office of Nuclear Energy is landlord of the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Located in southern Idaho along the western edge of the Eastern Snake River Plain, INL occupies {{convert|890|sqmi|km2}} of a remote desert about {{convert|42|mi|km}} from Idaho Falls. INL was established in 1949 as the "National Reactor Testing Station" by the Atomic Energy Commission. INL is the location of the historic Experimental Breeder Reactor Number I (EBR-I), which was the first nuclear reactor to generate usable electrical power.

INL is a science-based, applied engineering laboratory dedicated to supporting DOE's research programs in nuclear energy, national and homeland security and clean energy. Work at INL has included initial development and testing of nuclear reactor designs, developing prototype reactors for use by the U.S. Navy and developing technologies to manage nuclear waste. INL is conducting research supporting the fuel cycle development and nuclear energy demonstration and deployment, as well as specialized national and homeland security applications and clean energy technologies.

Hubs

The Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) is a Department of Energy Innovation Hub that is modeling and simulating nuclear reactors with the ultimate goal of making the next generation of reactors even safer and more cost effective.

CASL brings together a team that applies existing modeling and simulation (M&S) capabilities, and is developing advanced capabilities, to create an advanced environment for simulation of light water reactors. This environment, designated the Virtual Reactor (VR), will incorporate science-based models, state-of-the-art numerical methods, modern computational science and engineering practices, and uncertainty quantification (UQ) and validation against data from operating pressurized water reactors. It will couple state-of-the-art fuel performance, neutronics, thermal-hydraulics, and structural models with existing tools for systems and safety analysis and will be designed for implementation on today's most advanced computers and the future architecture platforms now under development by the U.S. Department of Energy.

CASL connects fundamental research and technology development through an integrated partnership of government, academia, and industry that extends across the nuclear energy sector. The CASL partner institutions possess the interdisciplinary expertise necessary to apply existing M&S capabilities to real-world reactor design issues and to develop new system-focused capabilities that will provide a foundation for advances in nuclear energy technology. CASL's organization and management plan have been designed to promote collaboration and synergy among the partner institutions, leveraging the breadth and depth of their expertise.

Overview

Organization

Laboratories

Hubs

See also

References