| 词条 | Onavo |
| 释义 |
| name = Onavo | logo = Onavo logo.png | type = Subsidiary | industry = Software | fate = | predecessor = | successor = | founded = 2010 | founders = {{ubl|Guy Rosen|Roi Tiger}} | defunct = | hq_location_city = | hq_location_country = Israel | area_served = | key_people = | products = {{ubl|Onavo Count|Onavo Extend|Onavo Protect}} | services = Onavo Insights | owner = | num_employees = | num_employees_year = | parent = Facebook | website = {{URL|onavo.com}} }} Onavo is an Israeli mobile web analytics company owned by Facebook. The company primarily performs its activities via consumer mobile apps, including the virtual private network (VPN) service Onavo Protect, which analyzes web traffic sent through the VPN to provide statistics on the usage of other apps. Onavo was acquired by Facebook in October 2013. Facebook has leveraged Onavo's analytics platform to monitor the performance of its competitors, target companies for acquisition, and make other business decisions. Since the acquisition, Onavo has frequently been classified as being spyware, as the VPN is used to monetize application usage data collected within an allegedly privacy-focused environment. In August 2018, Facebook pulled Onavo Protect from the iOS App Store due to violations of a policy forbidding apps from collecting data on the usage of other apps. HistoryOnavo was founded in 2010 by Roi Tiger[1] and Guy Rosen.[2] Onavo had two rounds of funding: the first was a Series A investment for $3 million from Magma Venture Partners[3] and Sequoia Capital[4] in May 2011. The second was a Series B investment of $13 million from Magma Ventures, Sequoia Capital, and Horizons Ventures. Onavo's sale to Facebook is one of the top exits[5] for Magma Venture Partners and other Israeli venture capital firms. On October 13, 2013, Facebook bought Onavo for approximately $120 million.[6][7][7] ProductsOnavo maintains consumer-oriented utility apps, including Onavo Count, which tracks bandwidth usage by apps, as well as Onavo Extend and Onavo Protect, which are VPN services for data compression and security, respectively.[8][9][10][11] In 2013, the company launched Onavo Insights, a mobile analytics platform that tracks the market share and active usage of apps using data obtained from Onavo's consumer apps.[9] In August 2017, The Wall Street Journal reported that since the acquisition of Onavo by Facebook, this data has been used internally by Facebook to monitor competitors such as Snapchat, as well as startups that are performing "unusually well". This data influenced Facebook's subsequent acquisition of WhatsApp and the expansion of its live video business.[12][13][14] ReceptionOnavo won multiple awards in 2011. The company received first prize at the Mobile Beat 2011 conference hosted by VentureBeat,[15] and the award for most innovative app at the 2011 International Startup Festival, as well as being selected as the "Best Mobile Startup" by The Next Web.[16][17] Privacy concernsIn February 2018, it was reported that Facebook had begun to include advertising for the Onavo Protect app within the Facebook app for iOS users in the United States. This led to denouncements of the app by media outlets, who classified Onavo as spyware because it is used by Facebook to monetize usage habits within a privacy-focused environment, and because the app listing did not contain a prominent disclosure of Facebook's ownership.[18][11][19] The app's listings were later amended to disclaim that Onavo Protect may collect information on app and website usage to improve Facebook products and services.[20][21] In August 2018, Facebook pulled Onavo Protect from the iOS App Store after pressure by Apple, who declared it a violation of guidelines barring apps from harvesting data from other apps on a user's device.[22][23][24][25][26][27] On February 21, 2019, in the wake of renewed controversy over the service due to the related Facebook Research program, Facebook announced that it would sunset Onavo Protect VPN and pull its app from Google Play Store. Effective immediately, the service ceased collecting personal data.[28] Facebook ResearchOn January 29, 2019, TechCrunch published a report detailing "Project Atlas"—an internal market research program employed by Facebook since 2016. It invited users between the ages of 13 and 35 to install the "Facebook Research" app—allegedly a rebranded version of Onavo Protect—on their device, to collect data on their app usage, web browsing history, web search history, location history, personal messages, photos, videos, emails, and Amazon order history. Participants received up to $20 per-month to participate in the program, which was promoted to teenagers via targeted advertising on Instagram and Snapchat. Facebook Research is administered by third-party beta testing services, including Applause and BetaBound, and requires users to install a Facebook root certificate on their phone. On iOS, this is prohibited by Apple's Enterprise Developer License Agreement, as the methods used are intended solely for use by a company's employees (for use cases such as internal software specific to their environment, and internal pre-release versions of apps).[29][30] ResponsesFacebook initially responded by claiming that Facebook Research did not violate Apple's developer license agreement, and denied that the program was intended to bypass the rules that banned Onavo Protect from the iOS App Store, nor was intended to replace Onavo. Facebook later announced that it would discontinue the Facebook Research program on iOS. Facebook Research remains available for Android devices.[31][29] On January 30, Apple revoked Facebook's Enterprise Developer Program certificates, which caused all of the company's internal iOS apps (including beta versions of its public software, as well as internal apps relating to Facebook's workplace) to become inoperable.[32][33] Apple's public relations team stated that "Facebook has been using their membership to distribute a data-collecting app to consumers, which is a clear breach of their agreement with Apple", and that the certificates were revoked "to protect our users and their data".[32] Apple reinstated the certificates on January 31.[34] Of particular concern was that users as young as 13 were allowed to participate in the program. Connecticut Senator Richard Blumenthal criticized Facebook Research, stating "wiretapping teens is not research, and it should never be permissible. This is yet another astonishing example of Facebook’s complete disregard for data privacy and eagerness to engage in anti-competitive behavior."[35][36] Massachusetts Senator Ed Markey announced that he would introduce a bill to strengthen the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), and said that it "is inherently manipulative to offer teens money in exchange for their personal information when younger users don’t have a clear understanding how much data they're handing over and how sensitive it is."[35][36] Virginia Senator Mark Warner published an open letter to Mark Zuckerberg, in which he declared that he was "working on legislation to require individualized, informed consent in all instances of behavioral and market research conducted by large platforms on users".[35] See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.crunchbase.com/person/roi-tiger|title = Roi Tiger - CrunchBase|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 2. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.crunchbase.com/person/guy-rosen|title = CrunchBase - Guy Rosen|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 3. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/magma-venture-partners|title = Magma Venture Partners - CrunchBase|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 4. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/sequoia-capital|title = Sequoia Capital - CrunchBase|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 5. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-israeli-vc-raises-825m-in-new-funds-in-6-months-1000998636|title = Israeli VC raises $855m in new funds in 6 months|date = Jan 5, 2015|accessdate = |website = Globes|publisher = |last = Goldenberg|first = Roy}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url = https://techcrunch.com/2013/10/13/facebook-buys-mobile-analytics-company-onavo-and-finally-gets-its-office-in-israel/|title = Facebook Buys Mobile Data Analytics Company Onavo, Reportedly For Up To $200M… And (Finally?) Gets Its Office In Israel|date = Oct 13, 2013|accessdate = |website = TechCrunch|publisher = |last = Lunden|first = Ingrid}} 7. ^{{cite web|accessdate=January 30, 2019|first=Guy|last=Rosen|title=We are joining the Facebook team|url=http://blog.onavo.com/2013/10/joining-facebook|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107004328/http://blog.onavo.com/2013/10/joining-facebook|date=November 7, 2013|website=Onavo Blog|archive-date=November 7, 2013}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.engadget.com/2012/10/30/onavo-count-app-data-usage-tracker-for-ios/|title=Data hungry apps revealed with Onavo Count, free usage tracker for iOS|work=Engadget|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en-US}} 9. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://techcrunch.com/2013/02/08/onavo-insights/|title=Finally, A Quantcast For Mobile Apps? Onavo Launches Insights|last=Cutler|first=Kim-Mai|work=TechCrunch|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/how-to/onavo-extend-helps-you-use-less-data-on-android-4-0/|title=Onavo Extend helps you use less data on Android|date=August 30, 2012|work=CNET|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en}} 11. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.extremetech.com/mobile/263867-facebooks-new-onavo-protect-vpn-spyware-application|title=Facebook's New 'Onavo Protect' VPN is a Spyware App|date=February 14, 2018|work=ExtremeTech|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en-US}} 12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-new-copycats-how-facebook-squashes-competition-from-startups-1502293444|title=The New Copycats: How Facebook Squashes Competition From Startups|last=Morris|first=Betsy|date=August 9, 2017|work=Wall Street Journal|access-date=August 15, 2017|last2=Seetharaman|first2=Deepa|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxbusiness.com/features/2017/08/09/new-copycats-how-facebook-squashes-2.html|title=The New Copycats: How Facebook Squashes -2-|date=August 9, 2017|work=Fox Business|access-date=August 15, 2017|language=en-US}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/08/13/facebook-knew-about-snap-struggles-through-app-tracking/|title=Facebook knew about Snap's struggles months before the public|website=Engadget|access-date=August 15, 2017}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url = https://venturebeat.com/2012/01/24/onavo-raises-10m/|title = Mobile data shrinking app Onavo raises $10M, working on compression for Android|date = Jan 24, 2012|accessdate = |website = Venture Beat|publisher = |last = Hardawar|first = Devindra}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url = https://thenextweb.com/eu/2011/04/29/meet-onavo-crunching-mobile-data-to-save-you-money-video-interview-tnw2011/|title = Meet Onavo, crunching mobile data to save you money [Video Interview] #TNW2011|date = |accessdate = |website = The Next Web|publisher = |last = |first = }} 17. ^{{Cite web|url = https://thenextweb.com/eu/2011/04/29/and-the-next-web-startup-rally-winner-is-silk-tnw2011/|title = And The Next Web Startup Rally Winner is…SILK #TNW2011|date = |accessdate = |website = The Next Web|publisher = |last = |first = }} 18. ^{{Cite news|url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/02/12/facebook-starts-pushing-its-data-tracking-onavo-vpn-within-its-main-mobile-app/|title=Facebook is pushing its data-tracking Onavo VPN within its main mobile app|last=Perez|first=Sarah|work=TechCrunch|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en}} 19. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.itpro.co.uk/security/30542/facebooks-protect-security-feature-is-essentially-spyware|title=Facebook's Protect security feature is essentially Spyware|work=IT PRO|access-date=February 14, 2018|language=en}} 20. ^{{cite news|date=August 23, 2018|accessdate=September 3, 2018|title=Facebook violates Apple’s data-gathering rules, pulls VPN from App Store|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/08/facebook-violates-apples-data-gathering-rules-pulls-vpn-from-app-store/|website=Ars Technica|last=Palladino|first=Valentina}} 21. ^{{cite news|accessdate=September 3, 2018|title=Apple Boots Facebook's Nosy VPN Out of App Store|url=https://www.tomsguide.com/us/apple-facebook-onavo,news-27869.html|last=Wagonseil|first=Paul|website=Tom's Guide|date=August 23, 2018}} 22. ^{{Cite news|url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/08/22/apple-facebook-onavo/|title=Apple removed Facebook’s Onavo from the App Store for gathering app data|work=TechCrunch|access-date=August 23, 2018|language=en-US}} 23. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/22/17771298/facebook-onavo-protect-apple-app-store-pulled-privacy-concerns|title=Facebook will pull its data-collecting VPN app from the App Store over privacy concerns|work=The Verge|access-date=August 23, 2018}} 24. ^{{cite news|accessdate=September 3, 2018|title=Apple makes Facebook pull its spyware(ish) VPN from the App Store|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/90224974/apple-makes-facebook-pull-its-spywareish-vpn-from-the-app-store|last=Grothaus|first=Michael|website=Fast Company|date=August 23, 2018}} 25. ^{{cite news|first1=Tom|last1=McKay|date=August 22, 2018|accessdate=September 3, 2018|title=Facebook Pulls Its Data-Harvesting Onavo VPN From App Store After Apple Says It Violates Rules|url=https://gizmodo.com/facebook-pulls-its-data-harvesting-onavo-vpn-from-app-s-1828541718|website=Gizmodo}} 26. ^{{cite news|accessdate=September 3, 2018|title=At Apple’s request, Facebook is removing its spyware-like Onavo VPN app from the App Store|url=https://9to5mac.com/2018/08/22/facebook-protect-app-store/|last=Miller|first=Chance|website=9to5Mac|date=August 22, 2018}} 27. ^{{cite news|first1=Jack|last1=Morse|date=August 22, 2018|accessdate=September 3, 2018|title=Facebook to pull its creepy VPN Onavo from App Store after Apple pushback|url=https://mashable.com/article/facebook-pulls-onavo-from-app-store/#onnCD7Pojiqf|website=Mashable}} 28. ^{{Cite web|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/02/21/facebook-removes-onavo/|title=Facebook will shut down its spyware VPN app Onavo|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-22}} 29. ^1 2 {{cite web|accessdate=January 30, 2019|title=Facebook pays teens to install VPN that spies on them|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/01/29/facebook-project-atlas/|first=John|last=Constine|website=TechCrunch|date=January 29, 2019}} 30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.recode.net/2019/1/30/18203231/apple-banning-facebook-research-app|title=Apple says it’s banning Facebook’s research app that collects users’ personal information|last=Wagner|first=Kurt|date=January 30, 2019|website=Recode|access-date=January 30, 2019}} 31. ^{{cite web|first1=Casey|last1=Newton|accessdate=January 30, 2019|title=Facebook will shut down its controversial market research app for iOS|url=https://www.theverge.com/facebook/2019/1/30/18203349/facebook-research-app-apple-shutdown|date=January 30, 2019|website=The Verge}} 32. ^1 {{cite web|first1=Kurt|last1=Wagner|accessdate=January 30, 2019|title=Apple says it’s banning Facebook’s research app that collects users’ personal information|url=https://www.recode.net/2019/1/30/18203231/apple-banning-facebook-research-app|date=January 30, 2019|website=Recode}} 33. ^{{cite web|first1=Tom|last1=Warren|accessdate=January 30, 2019|title=Apple blocks Facebook from running its internal iOS apps|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/30/18203551/apple-facebook-blocked-internal-ios-apps|date=January 30, 2019|website=The Verge}} 34. ^{{cite news|first1=Mike|last1=Isaac|accessdate=2019-02-02|title=Apple Shows Facebook Who Has the Power in an App Dispute|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/31/technology/apple-blocks-facebook.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=31 January 2019|issn=0362-4331}} 35. ^1 2 {{cite web|accessdate=2019-01-31|title=Senator Warner calls on Zuckerberg to support market research consent rules|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/01/30/facebook-research-app/|date=30 January 2019|first=Josh|last=Constine|website=TechCrunch}} 36. ^1 {{cite news|first1=Issie|last1=Lapowsky|accessdate=2019-01-31|title=By Defying Apple’s Rules, Facebook Shows It Never Learns|url=https://www.wired.com/story/facebook-research-app-lessons/|newspaper=Wired|date=30 January 2019|issn=1059-1028|via=www.wired.com}} External links
11 : 2010 establishments in Israel|Software companies of Israel|Facebook acquisitions|Companies established in 2010|Android (operating system) software|iOS malware|Companies of Israel|Companies based in Tel Aviv|Software that bundles malware|Spyware|2013 mergers and acquisitions |
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