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词条 States and union territories of India
释义

  1. Responsibilities and authorities

  2. History

     Pre-independence  1947–1950  States reorganization (1951–1956)  Post-1956  Current proposals 

  3. List

     States  Union territories   Former states  

  4. See also

  5. Notes

  6. References

  7. External links

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|category = Federated states
|territory = Republic of India
|start_date =
|current_number = 29 States
7 Union territories
|number_date =
|population_range = States: 610,577 Sikkim – 199,812,341 Uttar Pradesh
Union Territories: 64,473 Lakshadweep – 16,787,941 National Capital Territory
|area_range = States: {{Convert|3702|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} Goa – {{Convert|342269|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} Rajasthan
Union territories: {{Convert|32|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} Lakshadweep – {{Convert|8249|km2|sqmi||abbr=on}} Andaman and Nicobar Islands
|government = State governments, Union Government (Union territories)
|subdivision = Districts, Divisions
}}

India is a federal union comprising 29 states and 7 union territories, for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into districts and smaller administrative divisions.

{{India divisions by|Wildlife=Indian States by wildlife}}

Responsibilities and authorities

The Constitution of India distributes the sovereign executive and legislative powers exercisable with respect to the territory of any State between the Union and that State.[1]

History

Pre-independence

The Indian subcontinent has been ruled by many different ethnic groups throughout its history, each instituting their own policies of administrative division in the region.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]{{overcite|date=July 2018}} During the British Raj, the original administrative structure was mostly kept, and India was divided into provinces (also called Presidencies) that were directly governed by the British and princely states which were nominally controlled by a local prince or raja loyal to the British Empire, which held de facto sovereignty (suzerainty) over the princely states.

1947–1950

Between 1947 and 1950 the territories of the princely states were politically integrated into the Indian Union. Most were merged into existing provinces; others were organised into new provinces, such as Rajputana, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Bharat, and Vindhya Pradesh, made up of multiple princely states; a few, including Mysore, Hyderabad, Bhopal, and Bilaspur, became separate provinces. The new Constitution of India, which came into force on 26 January 1950, made India a sovereign democratic republic. The new republic was also declared to be a "Union of States".[12] The constitution of 1950 distinguished between three main types of states:{{cn|date=March 2018}}

  • Part A states, which were the former governors' provinces of British India, were ruled by an elected governor and state legislature. The nine Part A states were Assam, Bihar, Bombay, Madhya Pradesh (formerly Central Provinces and Berar), Madras, Orissa, Punjab (formerly East Punjab), Uttar Pradesh (formerly the United Provinces), and West Bengal (formerly part of Bengal Province).
  • The eight Part B states were former princely states or groups of princely states, governed by a rajpramukh, who was usually the ruler of a constituent state, and an elected legislature. The rajpramukh was appointed by the President of India. The Part B states were Hyderabad, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Bharat, Mysore, Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU), Rajasthan, Saurashtra, and Travancore-Cochin.
  • The ten Part C states included both the former chief commissioners' provinces and some princely states, and each was governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the President of India. The Part C states were Ajmer, Bhopal, Bilaspur, Coorg, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Cutch, Manipur, Tripura, and Vindhya Pradesh.
  • The only Part D state was the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which were administered by a lieutenant governor appointed by the central government.

States reorganization (1951–1956)

The Union Territory of Puducherry was created in 1954 comprising the previous French enclaves of Pondichéry, Karaikal, Yanam and Mahé.[13] Andhra State was created on 1 October 1953 from the Telugu-speaking northern districts of Madras State.[14]

The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 reorganised the states based on linguistic lines resulting in the creation of the new states.[15] As a result of this act, Madras State retained its name with Kanyakumari district added to form Travancore-Cochin. Andhra Pradesh was created with the merger of Andhra State with the Telugu-speaking districts of Hyderabad State in 1956. Kerala was created with the merger of Malabar district and the Kasaragod taluk of South Canara districts of Madras State with Travancore-Cochin. Mysore State was re-organized with the addition of districts of Bellary and South Canara (excluding Kasaragod taluk) and the Kollegal taluk of Coimbatore district from the Madras State, the districts of Belgaum, Bijapur, North Canara and Dharwad from Bombay State, the Kannada-majority districts of Bidar, Raichur and Gulbarga from Hyderabad State and the province of Coorg. The Laccadive Islands which were divided between South Canara and Malabar districts of Madras State were united and organised into the union territory of Lakshadweep.

Bombay State was enlarged by the addition of Saurashtra State and Kutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division of Madhya Pradesh and Marathwada region of Hyderabad State. Rajasthan and Punjab gained territories from Ajmer and Patiala and East Punjab States Union respectively and certain territories of Bihar was transferred to West Bengal.

Post-1956

Bombay State was split into the linguistic states of Gujarat and Maharashtra on 1 May 1960 by the Bombay Reorganisation Act.[16] Nagaland was formed on 1 December 1963.[17] The Punjab Reorganisation Act of 1966 resulted in the creation of Haryana on 1 November and the transfer of the northern districts of Punjab to Himachal Pradesh.[18] The act also designated Chandigarh as a union territory and the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana.[19][20]

Madras state was renamed Tamil Nadu in 1968. North-eastern states of Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura were formed on 21 January 1972.[21] Mysore State was renamed as Karnataka in 1973. On 16 May 1975, Sikkim became the 22nd state of the Indian Union and the state's monarchy was abolished.[22] In 1987, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram became states on 20 February, followed by Goa on 30 May, while Goa's northern exclaves of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli became separate union territories.[23]

In November 2000, three new states were created; namely, Chhattisgarh from eastern Madhya Pradesh, Uttaranchal from northwest Uttar Pradesh (renamed Uttarakhand in 2007) and Jharkhand from southern districts of Bihar.[24][25][26][27] Orissa was renamed as Odisha in 2011. Telangana was created on 2 June 2014 as ten former districts of north-western Andhra Pradesh.[28][29]

Current proposals

{{Main article|List of proposed states and territories of India}}

List

{{See also|List of state and union territory capitals in India}}

States

StateINVehicle
code		ZoneCapitalLargest cityStatehoodPopulation[30]Area
(km2)		Official
languages[31]		Additional official
languages[31]
Andhra PradeshIN-APAPSouthern(de jure)
Amaravati (de facto) {{ref>1|Note 1}}[32][33]		Visakhapatnam1 October 195349,506,799160,205Telugu—
Arunachal PradeshIN-ARARNorth-EasternItanagar20 February 19871,383,72783,743English—
AssamIN-ASASNorth-EasternDispurGuwahati26 January 195031,205,57678,550AssameseBengali
BiharIN-BRBREasternPatna26 January 1950104,099,45294,163HindiUrdu
ChhattisgarhIN-CTCGCentralRaipur1 November 200025,545,198135,194Hindi—
GoaIN-GAGAWesternPanajiVasco da Gama30 May 19871,458,5453,702KonkaniMarathi
GujaratIN-GJGJWesternGandhinagarAhmedabad1 May 196060,439,692196,024Gujarati—
HaryanaIN-HRHRNorthernChandigarhFaridabad1 November 196625,351,46244,212HindiPunjabi[34][35]
Himachal PradeshIN-HPHPNorthernShimla (Summer)
Dharamshala (Winter)		Shimla25 January 19716,864,60255,673HindiEnglish
Jammu and KashmirIN-JKJKNorthernSrinagar (Summer)
Jammu (Winter)		Srinagar26 January 195012,541,302222,236
101,387{{ref|2|Note 2}}		Urdu—
JharkhandIN-JHJHEasternRanchiJamshedpur15 November 200032,988,13474,677HindiUrdu[36]
KarnatakaIN-KAKASouthernBengaluru1 November 195661,095,297191,791KannadaEnglish
KeralaIN-KLKLSouthernThiruvananthapuramKochi1 November 195633,406,06138,863MalayalamEnglish
Madhya PradeshIN-MPMPCentralBhopalIndore1 November 195672,626,809308,252Hindi—
MaharashtraIN-MHMHWesternMumbai (Summer)
Nagpur (Winter)[37]		Mumbai1 May 1960112,374,333307,713Marathi—
ManipurIN-MNMNNorth-EasternImphal21 January 19722,855,79422,347MeiteiEnglish
MeghalayaIN-MLMLNorth-EasternShillong21 January 19722,966,88922,720EnglishKhasi language has been declared as the Additional Official Language for all purposes in the District, Sub-Division and Block level offices of the State Government located in the Districts of Khasi-Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya.
}}
MizoramIN-MZMZNorth-EasternAizawl20 February 19871,097,20621,081English, Hindi, Mizo—
NagalandIN-NLNLNorth-EasternKohimaDimapur1 December 19631,978,50216,579English—
OdishaIN-ORODEasternBhubaneswar26 January 195041,974,218155,820Odia—
PunjabIN-PBPBNorthernChandigarhLudhiana1 November 196627,743,33850,362Punjabi—
RajasthanIN-RJRJNorthernJaipur1 November 195668,548,437342,269HindiEnglish
SikkimIN-SKSKNorth-EasternGangtok16 May 1975610,5777,096EnglishBhutia, Gurung, Lepcha, Limbu, Manggar, Mukhia, Newari, Rai, Sherpa, Tamang
Tamil NaduIN-TNTNSouthernChennai26 January 195072,147,030130,058TamilEnglish
TelanganaIN-TGTSSouthernHyderabad{{ref|1|Note 1}}2 June 201435,193,978[38]114,840[38]Telugu, Urdu[39]—
TripuraIN-TRTRNorth-EasternAgartala21 January 19723,673,91710,492Bengali, Kokborok, English—
Uttar PradeshIN-UPUPCentralLucknowKanpur26 January 1950199,812,341243,286HindiUrdu
UttarakhandIN-UTUKCentralDehradun{{ref|3|Note 3}}9 November 200010,086,29253,483HindiSanskrit[40]
West BengalIN-WBWBEasternKolkata26 January 195091,276,11588,752Bengali and Nepali are the Official Languages in Darjeeling and Kurseong sub-divisions of Darjeeling district.}}Hindi, Urdu, Santali, Odia and Punjabi
  • {{note|1|Note 1}} Andhra Pradesh was divided into two states, Telangana and a residual Andhra Pradesh on 2 June 2014.[41][42][43] Hyderabad, located entirely within the borders of Telangana, is to serve as the capital for both states for a period of time not exceeding ten years.[44] The Government of Andhra Pradesh and the Andhra Pradesh Legislature completed the process of relocating to temporary facilities in the envisaged new capital city Amaravati in early 2017.[32]
  • {{note|2|Note 2}} The area of Jammu and Kashmir is 222,236 km2 according to Indian claims; thereof 101,387 km2 are under Indian administration
  • {{note|3|Note 3}} Dehradun is the interim capital of Uttarakhand. The town of Gairsain is envisaged as the state's new capital.

Union territories

Union territoryINVehicle codeCapitalLargest cityPopulation[30]Area
(km2)		Official
languages[31]		Additional official
languages[31]
Andaman and Nicobar IslandsIN-ANANPort Blair380,5818,249 Hindi, English—
ChandigarhIN-CHCHChandigarhChandigarh is both a city and a union territory.}}1,055,450114English—
Dadra and Nagar HaveliIN-DNDNSilvassa343,709491Gujarati, HindiMarathi
Daman and DiuIN-DDDDDaman243,247112It has also been informed that the

communication with States/Centre has to be made in Hindi/English.}}

—
DelhiIN-DLDLNew DelhiDelhi is both a city and a union territory.}}16,787,9411,490HindiPunjabi, Urdu[45]
LakshadweepIN-LDLDKavaratti64,47332EnglishMalayalam
PuducherryIN-PYPYPondicherry1,247,953492English,[46] TamilMalayalam, Telugu

Former states

MapStateCapitalYearsSuccessor state(s)
Madhya BharatGwalior (winter)
Indore (summer)		1947–1956Madhya Pradesh
Eastern States UnionRaipur1947–1948Bihar, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh
Madras StateMadras1950–1969Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka
Mysore StateMysore1947–1973Karnataka
Patiala and East Punjab States UnionPatiala1948–1956Punjab
Bombay StateBombay1947–1960Maharashtra, Gujarat
Bhopal StateBhopal1949–1956Madhya Pradesh
SaurashtraRajkot1948–1956Bombay State
Coorg StateMadikeri1950–1956Mysore State
Travancore-CochinTrivandrum1949–1956Kerala, Madras State
Hyderabad StateHyderabad1948–1956Andhra Pradesh, Telangana (since 2014) and partially Maharashtra, North Karnataka
Vindhya PradeshRewa1948–1956Madhya Pradesh
Kutch StateBhuj1947–1956Bombay State
Bilaspur StateBilaspur1948–1954Himachal Pradesh
Cooch Behar StateCooch Behar1949West Bengal
Ajmer StateAjmer1947–1956Rajasthan

See also

  • Autonomous regions of India
  • Emblems of Indian States
  • IN
  • List of adjectives and demonyms for states and territories of India
  • List of states and union territories of India by population
  • List of states in India by past population
  • List of states of India by wildlife population
  • List of Indian state and union territory name etymologies
  • Subdivisions of India
  • List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^"Article 73 broadly stated, provides that the executive power of the Union shall extend to the matters with respect to which Parliament has power to make laws. Article 162 similarly provides that the executive power of a State shall extend to the matters with respect to which the Legislature of a State has power to make laws. The Supreme Court has reiterated this position when it ruled in the Ramanaiah case that the executive power of the Union or of the State broadly speaking, is coextensive and coterminous with its respective legislative power." Territoriality of executive powers of states in India, Balwant Singh Malik, Constitutional Law, 1998
2. ^{{cite book | author= Krishna Reddy | title = Indian History | year = 2003 | publisher = Tata McGraw Hill | location = New Delhi | isbn = 978-0-07-048369-9}}
3. ^{{cite book | title=Ancient India | publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers | author=Ramesh Chandra Majumdar | year=1977 | isbn=978-81-208-0436-4}}
4. ^{{cite book | title=A History of India: Part 1 | author=Romila Thapar}}
5. ^{{cite book | title=A History of India: Volume 1 | author=G. Bongard-Levin}}
6. ^{{cite encyclopedia|title=Gupta Dynasty – MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571624/gupta_dynasty.html |work= |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwqOxl5F?url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571624/gupta_dynasty.html |archivedate= 1 November 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://historymedren.about.com/library/text/bltxtindia7.htm |title=India – Historical Setting – The Classical Age – Gupta and Harsha |publisher=Historymedren.about.com |date=2 November 2009 |accessdate=16 May 2010}}
8. ^{{cite book |last= Nilakanta Sastri|first= K.A.|title= A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|origyear=1955|year=2002|publisher= Indian Branch, Oxford University Press|location= New Delhi|page=239|isbn= 978-0-19-560686-7}}
9. ^{{cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|title=Medieval India: From Sultanate To The Mughals| page=202}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/285248/India/46984/Political-and-economic-decentralization-during-the-Mughal-decline#toc46986 |title=Regional states, c. 1700–1850 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}}
11. ^{{cite book|last=Grewal|first=J. S.|title=The Sikh empire (1799–1849) |publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1990|series=The New Cambridge History of India|volume=The Sikhs of the Punjab|chapter=Chapter 6: The Sikh empire (1799–1849)|chapter-url=http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521268844_CHOL9780521268844A008}}
12. ^{{cite book|title=Constitution of India|chapter=Article 1|chapter-url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402064301/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|archivedate=2 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/1955_7/42/reorganisation_of_statesthe_approach_and_arrangements.pdf|title=Reorganisation of states |publisher=Economic Weekly|access-date=31 December 2015}}
14. ^{{cite web|url= http://hyderabad-india-online.com/2011/03/madras-presidence/|title= Map of Madras Presidency in 1909|access-date=15 October 2013|date= 2011-03-28}}
15. ^{{cite book|title=Constitution of India|chapter=Article 1|chapter-url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|publisher=Law Ministry, GOI|access-date=31 December 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402064301/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|archivedate=2 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}
16. ^{{Cite book|author=J.C. Aggarwal, S.P. Agrawal|title=Uttarakhand: Past, Present, and Future|publisher=Concept Publishing|place=New DElhi|year=1995|pages=89–90}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://india.gov.in/knowindia/st_nagaland.php|title=Nagaland History & Geography-Source|publisher=india.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://hpplanning.nic.in/mid%20term%20review%2010th%20five%20year%20plan.pdf |title=Himachal Pradesh Tenth Five Year Plan |format=PDF |date= |access-date=17 June 2013}}
19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://india.gov.in/allimpfrms/allacts/474.pdf|title=The Punjab Reorganisation Act 1966|publisher=india.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.travelindia-guide.com/maps/state_map.php |title=State map of India |publisher=Travel India guide |access-date=17 June 2013}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thaibicindia.org.in/study/north_east/Snapshot.pdf|title=Snapshot of North Eastern States|publisher=thaibicindia.in|access-date=17 February 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222052303/http://www.thaibicindia.org.in/study/north_east/Snapshot.pdf|archivedate=22 December 2009|df=dmy-all}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://sikkim.gov.in/ASP/Miscc/aboutsikkim.htm|title=About Sikkim|publisher=Official website of the Government of Sikkim|access-date=15 June 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525171423/http://www.sikkim.gov.in/asp/Miscc/aboutsikkim.htm|archivedate=25 May 2009|df=dmy-all}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.goaonline.in/Profile/History/milestone.asp|title=Goa Chronology|publisher=goaonline.in|access-date=17 February 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721155540/http://www.goaonline.in/Profile/History/milestone.asp|archivedate=21 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/AboutState_fr.html |title=Official Website of Government of Jharkhand |publisher=Jharkhand.gov.in |accessdate=17 June 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621084121/http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/AboutState_fr.html |archivedate=21 June 2013 |df=dmy-all }}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://cg.gov.in/profile/corigin.htm |title=Chhattisgarh state – History |publisher=Cg.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202817/http://cg.gov.in/profile/corigin.htm |archivedate= 4 July 2010 |df= }}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-01-02/india/27880083_1_bjp-cries-uttaranchal-assembly-polls |title=Uttaranchal is Uttarakhand, BJP cries foul |last=Chopra |first=Jasi Kiran|publisher=Times of India |date=2 January 2007|access-date=22 January 2013}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://uk.gov.in/pages/display/115-about-us |title=About Us: Uttarakhand Government Portal, India |publisher=Uk.gov.in |date=9 November 2000 |access-date=17 June 2013}}
28. ^{{cite web|title=The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014|url=http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014_0.pdf|publisher=Ministry of law and justice, Government of India|access-date=3 March 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108223043/http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014_0.pdf|archivedate=8 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}
29. ^{{cite web|title=Telangana bill passed by upper house|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/telangana-bill-in-rajya-sabha/liveblog/30712218.cms|publisher=The Times of India|access-date=20 February 2014}}
30. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/states.php|title=List of states with Population, Sex Ratio and Literacy Census 2011|publisher=}}
31. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |format=pdf |access-date=14 January 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archivedate= 8 July 2016 |df= }}
32. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.gulte.com/news/56377/After-2200-Years-Amaravati-Gets-Back-Power|title=After 2200 Years, Amaravati Gets Back Power!|publisher=}}
33. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ap.gov.in/ |title=Data |website=ap.gov.in |access-date=27 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803065156/http://www.ap.gov.in/ |archive-date=3 August 2017 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
34. ^{{cite news|title=Haryana grants second language status to Punjabi|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/haryana-grants-second-language-status-to-punjabi/article1-502720.aspx|work=Hindustan Times|date=28 January 2010}}
35. ^{{cite news|title=Punjabi gets second language status in Haryana|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/haryana/punjabi-gets-second-language-status-in-haryana_599789.html|work=Zee news|date=28 January 2010}}
36. ^{{cite web |url= http://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/viewFile/386/364|title=Research data |website=ierj.in}}
37. ^[https://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/monsoon-session--to-start-in-mahas-winter-capital-nagpur-from-july-4.html Monsoon session to start in Maha’s winter Capital Nagpur from July 4]
38. ^1 {{cite web|title=Telangana State Profile|url=http://www.telangana.gov.in/About/State-Profile|publisher=Telangana government portal|access-date=11 June 2014|page=34|format=PDF}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2015/may/20/Urdu-Gets-First-Language-Status-762981.html|title=Urdu Gets First Language Status|publisher=}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/RF9fH5Q1wNOBdI0R46SlkL/Sanskrit-reviving-the-language-in-today8217s-India.html|title=Sanskrit: Reviving the language in today's India – Livemint|publisher=}}
41. ^{{cite news| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/T-party-today-Indias-29th-state-Telangana-is-born/articleshow/35912105.cms|work=The Times of India |title=Bifurcated into Telangana State and residual Andhra Pradesh State |date=2 June 2014}}
42. ^{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014.pdf | title=The Gazette of India : The Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014 | publisher=Government of India | work=Ministry of Law and Justice | date=1 March 2014 | access-date=23 April 2014 }}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=Tribe of Tiger |fix-attempted=yes }}
43. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2014/158365.pdf | title=The Gazette of India : The Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014 Sub-section | date=4 March 2014 | access-date=23 April 2014}}
44. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/cheat-sheet/andhra-pradesh-minus-telangana-10-facts-534339|title=Andhra Pradesh Minus Telangana: 10 Facts|author= Sanchari Bhattacharya |date= 1 June 2014 |work=NDTV}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/d09fd2004bd07ad9a305ab56803943f0/Delhi+Official+Languages+Act+2000.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&lmod=-344844204|title=Official Language Act 2000|date=2 July 2003|publisher=Government of Delhi|accessdate=17 July 2015}}
46. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/puducherry/1965/1965Pondicherry3.pdf|title=Regional data |website=lawsofindia.org}}

External links

  • [https://www.india.gov.in/india-glance/states-india Official Government of India website: States and Union Territories]
{{States and Union Territories of India}}{{Geography of India}}{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}}{{DEFAULTSORT:States And Territories Of India}}

5 : Lists of subdivisions of India|Country subdivisions in Asia|First-level administrative country subdivisions|India-related lists|States and union territories of India
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