| 词条 | Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat |
| 释义 |
| name = Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat | status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Hipposideros | species = orbiculus | authority = Francis, Kock & Habersetzer, 1999 | range_map = Orbiculus Leaf-nosed Bat area.png | range_map_caption = Range map 2011 }} The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros orbiculus), also known as the orbiculus roundleaf bat and small disc roundleaf bat, is a species of bat from the family Hipposideridae. The species has been found on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia and on peninsular Malaysia.[2] TaxonomyThe orbiculus leaf-nosed bat was described as a new species in 1999.[3] The holotype had been collected in Abai Siat, which is southeast of Kota Bharu on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.[1] It is cryptic species with the Ridley's leaf-nosed bat, though the two can be differentiated based on their echolocation characteristics: the frequencies of the two species' calls differ by 19 kHz.[4] DescriptionIts forearm length is {{cvt|46.15-48.50|mm|in}}. Its tail is {{cvt|26.2-34.2|mm|in}} long and its ears are {{cvt|20.6-23.6|mm|in}} long. It echolocates at around 80 kHz.[5] Range and habitatThe orbiculus leaf-nosed bat has been documented in three areas: West Sumatra of Indonesia, near Rawang, Selangor of Malaysia, and Sungkai Wildlife Forest Reserve, which is also in Malaysia.[6] ConservationAs of 2015, the orbiculus leaf-nosed bat is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List because of its small extent of occurrence and continuing decline of the extent and quality of its habitat, as well as its population. From 2008–2015, it was listed as an endangered species. The reevaluation from endangered to vulnerable occurred because its extent of occurrence was recalculated to {{cvt|20345|km2|mi2}};[1] this is no longer under the threshold of {{cvt|5000|km2|mi2}} required to qualify as endangered under the IUCN's criteria.[7] The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat is a terrestrial species that prefers lowland rainforests, and its habitat is degrading due to logging, agriculture, infrastructure development, plantations, and forest fire.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal|last1=Francis| first1= C| last2= Bates| first2= P.| last3= Kingston| first3= T.| last4= Senawi| first4= J.| year= 2016| title= Hipposideros orbiculus| journal= The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species| volume= 2016| page= e.T136192A22008477| doi= 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136192A22008477.en}} 2. ^{{MSW3 Chiroptera | id = 13800816 | page = 375}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Francis| first1= C. M.| last2= Kock| first2= D.| last3= Habersetzer| first3= J.| year= 1999| title= Sibling species of Hipposideros ridleyi (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Hipposideridae)| journal= Senckenbergiana Biologica| volume= 79| issue=2| pages=255–270}} 4. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00602.x|title=Genetic divergence and echolocation call frequency in cryptic species of Hipposideros larvatus s.l. (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from the Indo-Malayan region|journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=88|pages=119–130|year=2006|last1=Thabah|first1=Adora|last2=Rossiter|first2=Stephen J.|last3=Kingston|first3=Tigga|last4=Zhang|first4=Shuyi|last5=Parsons|first5=Stuart|last6=Mya|first6=Khin MYA|last7=Akbar|first7=Zubaid|last8=Jones|first8=Gareth}} 5. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.3161/1733-5329(2006)8[39:ANSOBO]2.0.CO;2|year=2006|volume=8|pages=39–61|title=A new species of bat of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Central Laos, with evidence of convergent evolution with Sundaic taxa|journal=Acta Chiropterologica|last1=Guillén-Servent|first1=Antonio|last2=Francis|first2=Charles M.}} 6. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0179555|pmid=28742835|pmc=5526618|title=A checklist of the bats of Peninsular Malaysia and progress towards a DNA barcode reference library|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=12|issue=7|pages=e0179555|year=2017|last1=Lim|first1=Voon-Ching|last2=Ramli|first2=Rosli|last3=Bhassu|first3=Subha|last4=Wilson|first4=John-James|bibcode=2017PLoSO..1279555L}} 7. ^{{cite book |author=IUCN| year=2001|title=IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1.|publisher=IUCN|url=https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-2001-001.pdf}} External links
5 : Mammals described in 1999|Bats of Southeast Asia|Hipposideros|Bats of Indonesia|Mammals of Malaysia |
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