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词条 Orders of magnitude (luminance)
释义

  1. See also

  2. Notes and references

This page lists examples of luminances, measured in candelas per square metre and grouped by order of magnitude.

Factor
(cd/m2)
Multiple Value Item
0 Ideal black body
10−6 µcd/m2 1 µcd/m2 Absolute threshold of vision
10−5
10−4 400 µcd/m2 Darkest sky[3]
10−3mcd/m2 1 mcd/m2 Night sky[4]
1.4 mcd/m2 Typical photographic scene lit by full moon[5]
5 mcd/m2 Approximate scotopic/mesopic threshold[6]
10−2 40 mcd/m2 Phosphorescent markings on a watch dial after 1 h in the dark[7][8]
10−1
100cd/m2 2 cd/m2 Floodlit buildings, monuments, and fountains[9]
5 cd/m2 Approximate mesopic/photopic threshold[6]
101 25 cd/m2 Typical photographic scene at sunrise or sunset[5]
30 cd/m2 Green electroluminescent source[3]
55 cd/m2 Standard SMPTE cinema screen luminance[13]
80 cd/m2 Monitor white in the sRGB reference viewing environment
102 250 cd/m2 Peak luminance of a typical LCD monitor[14][15]
700 cd/m2 Typical photographic scene on overcast day[5][9][15]
103kcd/m2 2 kcd/m2 Average cloudy sky[3]
2.5 kcd/m2 Moon surface[3][4]
5 kcd/m2 Typical photographic scene in full sunlight[5][9]
7 kcd/m2 Average clear sky[3][4][15]
104 10 kcd/m2 White illuminated cloud[4]
12 kcd/m2 Fluorescent lamp[3][4]
75 kcd/m2 Low pressure sodium-vapor lamp[4]
105 130 kcd/m2 Frosted incandescent light bulb[3][4][15]
600 kcd/m2 Solar disk at horizon[3]
106 Mcd/m2 7 Mcd/m2 Filament of a clear incandescent lamp[36]
107
108 100 Mcd/m2 Possible retinal damage
109 Gcd/m2 1.6 Gcd/m2 Solar disk at noon[3][4]

See also

  • Photometry (optics)

Notes and references

1. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.schorsch.com/en/kbase/glossary/luminance.html |title = Lighting Design Glossary – Luminance |last = Mischler |first = Georg |website = schorsch.com |accessdate = 2013-10-10}}
2. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nvc-lighting.com/showuseInfo.Aspx?typeID=42&ID=94 |title = Lighting Application |website = NVC Lighting Technology Corporation |accessdate = 2013-10-10}}
3. ^based on Orders of magnitude (illuminance), assuming a typical photographic scene has the same reflectance as an 18% gray card
4. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.sdr.si/dokumenti/p01.pdf |title = CIE Mesopic photometry – implementation for outdoor lighting |last1 = Halonen |first1 = Liisa |last2 = Bizjak |first2 = Grega |publisher = University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, laboratory of Lighting and Photometry |accessdate = 2013-10-10}}
5. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.kronometric.org/article/lume/ |title = Luminosity in Watches |at = first decay graph of section 3.4 – The Afterglow |date = 2011-09-29 |accessdate = 2013-10-11}}
6. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nemoto.co.jp/en/products/luminova/pdf/Luminova-G.pdf |title = Characteristic and comparison between LumiNova G Series and conventional pigment |at = afterglow graph on p. 1 |date = 2011-11-09 |publisher = Nemoto Lumi-Materials |accessdate = 2013-10-11}}
7. ^based on this table of exposure values, assuming a reflected-light meter calibration constant of 12.5 cd·s/m2
8. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.harkness-screens.com/pdfs/general-info/Screen%20Luminance.pdf |title = Screen Luminance Data Sheet |publisher = Harkness Screens International |accessdate = 2013-10-10}}
9. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.screentekinc.com/resource-center/brightness-and-contrast-ratio.shtml |title = Brightness and Contrast Ratio |publisher = Screen Tek |accessdate = 2013-10-10}}
10. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.lighting.philips.com/pwc_li/au_en/connect/Assets/basicsoflight.pdf |title = Basics of light and lighting |publisher = Philips Lighting Academy |year = 2008 |page = 29 |accessdate = 2013-10-18}}
11. ^when sources quote wide ranges of possible values, a (rounded) geometric mean of those values is reported here

(see http://retina.anatomy.upenn.edu/~rob/lance/articles.html for the references within)

[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
}}{{Orders of magnitude}}

2 : Orders of magnitude|Photometry

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