| 词条 | St Bees railway station |
| 释义 |
| name = St Bees | symbol = rail | code = SBS | image_name = St Bees railway station with sign.jpg | manager = Northern | locale = St Bees | borough = Copeland
St Bees Railway Station, on the Cumbrian Coast Line, serves the village of St Bees in Cumbria, England. St Bees is one of the few mandatory stops on this section of the line (along with Askam, Sellafield, Ravenglass and Millom) and as a result all trains call here. It is the location of the only passing loop on the lengthy single track section between Whitehaven and Sellafield and trains are often scheduled to pass each other here.[1] St Bees is famous for the rocky St. Bees Head, the starting point of the Coast to Coast Walk which runs from the Irish Sea to the North Sea, and many walkers alight at the station to start the walk. The station has the distinction of being the most westerly in Northern England. HistoryThe Whitehaven and Furness Junction Railway, a line which would link the town of Whitehaven with the Furness Railway at {{stnlnk|Broughton-in-Furness}}, was authorised in 1847.[2] It was opened in stages, and the first section, that between Whitehaven and {{stnlnk|Ravenglass}} opened on 1 June 1849;[3] St Bees station opened on 21 July 1849.[4] In 1848 Canon Richard Parkinson, Vicar of St Bees and Principal of the Theological College, wrote in his diary: "November 8th., 1848. The Railway-whistle heard for the first time in this quiet valley. Its peace is gone!" Later, on 12 February 1849, he records, "Ash Wednesday. Good congregation. The first train of coal wagons on this day (dies cinerum) ["Day of Ashes"] went on the railway to Braystones".[5] Despite deploring this shattering of the valley's peace, Parkinson travelled on the official train when the line was opened as far as Ravenglass in 1849. The imposing station buildings, consisting of station master's house, waiting rooms and ticket office, were built in 1860 by Mr J Townley of Whitehaven.[6] DerailmentAt about 6:45 am on 30 August 2012 a two-carriage passenger train en route to Sellafield was derailed a mile south of St Bees following a landslide caused by heavy rain.[7] Extensive civil engineering repair work has now been carried out to prevent a recurrence. In addition the underbridge at Seamill Lane was replaced in 2013. DescriptionThe railway station is a stop on the scenic Cumbrian Coast Line, {{convert|70|km|disp=flip}} south-west of Carlisle. It is operated by Northern who provide all passenger train services. The station master's house and ticket office, on the up (southbound) platform, date from 1860 and was formerly a restaurant with a railway theme, but is now a private house. On the down (northbound) platform, the waiting room is still a period timbered Furness railway structure, slightly modified to become a private dwelling. To the east of the "up" platform is the site of the goods yard which was heavily used for the stone traffic from the sandstone quarries at St Bees in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It also handled the traffic from Walker's scone flour works and pickle factory, and the luggage traffic for St Bees School at the beginning and end of term.[8] The yard is now a public car park which is subsidised for free public use by the Parish Council.[9] The coal yard was off the down line on the north side of the level crossing. Step-free access is available to both platforms via ramps from the road, and the low platforms have "Harrington Humps" for mobility-impaired users. Following the introduction of four-carriage locomotive working, in 2016 both platforms were extended by re-instatement of sections of unused platform. Signal boxThe station has a 24 lever signal box, which was opened in 1891 to meet the heavy traffic demands of that time. In December 2013 this was designated a Grade 2 listed building, being one of the few in the UK built in the "Arts and Crafts" style.[10] This is a Furness Railway type 3 design. The English Heritage listing recommendation report says: "The Type 3 design is one of the most distinctive boxes ever erected, in an arts and crafts style, probably influenced by the stations that Austin & Paley were designing for the Furness Railway. It has a tall battered base in stone and a steeply pitched tiled hipped roof. Tall window frames are individually grouped. Unfortunately the survivors have all had their windows replaced but this has altered their character less than other boxes with larger expanses of window and more complicated patterns of glazing. Examples survive at Park South (1883) and St. Bees (1891), the latter in an attractive rural setting is worth consideration [for listing]."[11] The level crossing is controlled by the signalman, who is also responsible for delivering the key tokens for both single line sections to train crews. PositionThe station is in the centre of the village, and there are three pubs within easy walking distance: one, the Albert, formerly being noted for having warning of the approaching trains rung through from the signal box in the evening. The beach, and the start of the Coast to Coast walk are a 20-minute walk away. St Bees Golf HaltFor a while, the village of St Bees had the distinction of having two railway stations. The St Bees Golf Halt was provided about a mile south of the village to cater for golfers visiting the old course, which was then between St Bees and Coulderton. As from 7 April 1914 golfers could halt a train by operation of a signal provided. It was to be "held at 'Danger' by passengers when required".[12] The halt ceased operation in 1918.[13] The golf course is now on the sea brows adjoining St Bees Bay between Seamill and Seacote beaches. ServicesOn Mondays to Saturdays there is a roughly hourly service northbound to Carlisle and southbound to Barrow-in-Furness, with some extensions to {{stnlnk|Lancaster}} and Preston util .[14] A roughly hourly (each way) Sunday service was introduced at the May 2018 timetable change - the first such regular provision here since 1976. References1. ^Northern Rail timetable, Carlisle to Barrow-in-Furness, 11/12/2011-13/5/2012 2. ^{{cite book |last=Rush |first=Robert W. |title=The Furness Railway 1843-1923 |series=The Oakwood Library of Railway History |year=1973 |publisher=Oakwood Press |location=Lingfield |id=OL35 |pages=33–34 |ref=harv }} 3. ^{{harvnb|Rush|1973|p=34}} 4. ^{{cite book |last=Butt |first=R.V.J. |title=The Directory of Railway Stations |year=1995 |publisher=Patrick Stephens Ltd |location=Yeovil |isbn=1-85260-508-1 |id=R508 |page=202 |ref=harv }} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.stbees.org.uk/publications/college/diary.htm |title=In Defence of Keeping a Diary |author=Canon Richard Parkinson DD |work=St Bees Cumbria web site |accessdate=10 May 2011 }} 6. ^The Furness railway - A history, by Michael Andrews. Pub 2012 by Barria books, Barrow. 7. ^{{cite news |title=Train derails after hitting landslide |url=http://www.itv.com/news/border/2012-08-30/train-derails-after-hitting-landslide/ |work=ITV News Border |publisher=ITV plc |date=30 August 2012 |accessdate=30 August 2012 }} 8. ^"100 Years of St Bees", Douglas Sim. 1995, {{ISBN|0-9526990-0-1}} 9. ^Report of the St Bees PC Chairman 2010-2011, published as an insert in the "St Bees News". 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-25151182|title=Listing for Garsdale 'fatal error' signal box|date=29 November 2013|publisher=|accessdate=9 April 2017|website=Bbc.co.uk}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://services.english-heritage.org.uk/ResearchReportsPdfs/028-2012WEB.pdf |format=PDF |title=RESEARCH REPORT SERIES no. 28-2012 : RAILWAY SIGNAL BOXES : A REVIEW |author=John Minnis |website=Servies.english-heritage.org.uk |accessdate=2017-04-10 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003340/http://services.english-heritage.org.uk/ResearchReportsPdfs/028-2012WEB.pdf |archivedate=4 March 2016 |df=dmy-all }} 12. ^The Furness Railway - a History. Michael Andrews, pub Barrai Books, Barrow in Furness 13. ^"Private and Untimetabled Railway Stations" by G. Croughton and others 14. ^{{NRtimes|May 2018|100}} External links{{commons category}}{{stn art lnk|SBS}}
5 : Railway stations in Cumbria|Former Furness Railway stations|Railway stations opened in 1849|Railway stations served by Northern (train operating company)|1849 establishments in England |
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