| 释义 |
- Geography
- Faunal composition Reptiles Snakes Mosasaurs Plesiosaurs Crocodylomorphs Turtles Pterosaurs Mammals Basal paeungulates Probosicidea Creodonta Birds Dinosaurs
- See also
- References
- External links
{{coord|32|54|N|6|57|W|region:MA|display=title}}The Oulad Abdoun Basin (also known as the Ouled Abdoun Basin or Khouribga Basin) is a phosphate sedimentary basin located in Morocco, near the city of Khouribga. It is the largest in Morocco, comprising 44% of Morocco's phosphate reserves, and at least 26.8 billion tons of phosphate.[1][2] It is also known as an important site for vertebrate fossils, with deposits ranging from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) to the Eocene epoch (Ypresian), a period of about 25 million years.[3] Geography The Oulad Abdoun is located west of the Atlas Mountains, near the city of Khouribga. The Oulad Abdoun phosphate deposits encompass some 100 km by 45 km, an area of 4,500 square km.[2] The Oulad Abdoun is the largest and northernomst of Morocco's major phosphate basins, which from northeast to southwest, include the Ganntour, Meskala, and Oued Eddahab (Laayoune-Baa) basins.[1][2] Faunal compositionThe Oulad Abdoun Basin stretches from late Cretaceous to the Eocene, and contains abundant marine vertebrate fossils, including sharks, bony fish, turtles, crocodilians, and other reptiles, as well as sea birds and a small number of terrestrial mammals.[3][8] {{expand list|date=March 2014}}ReptilesSnakes- Palaeophis maghrebianus - Ypresian[3]
Mosasaurs- Halisaurus arambourgi- Maastrichtian
Plesiosaurs- Zarafasaura- Maastrichtian[10]
Crocodylomorphs- Arambourgisuchus- Thanetian[11]
- Ocepesuchus- Maastrichtian[12]
Turtles- Argillochelys africana [13]
- Bothremys kellyi [4]
- Ocepechelon- Maastrichtian[15]
- Alienochelys- Maastrichtian
name=BardetEtAl2013/> Pterosaurs- Alcione elainus- Maastrichtian[5]
- Barbaridactylus grandis- Maastrichtian
- Simurghia robusta- Maastrichtian
- Tethydraco regalis- Maastrichtian
- Phosphatodraco mauritanicus- Maastrichtian
- Indeterminate Azhdarchid-Maastrichtian
- Arambourgiania?-Maastrichtian
MammalsMammals are relatively rare in the basin but include early Afrotherians and primitive Proboscideans.[3] Basal paeungulates- Abdounodus-Thanetian-Ypresian[18]
- Ocepeia- Selandian-Thanetian[18]
Probosicidea- Daouitherium -Ypresian [20]
- Eritherium – Thanetian[21]
- Phosphatherium- Selandian
Creodonta- Lahimia (Hyaenodontidae)- (Thanetian)
- Boualitomus (Hyaenodontidae)- Ypresian
BirdsBird fossils are common in the Basin, which includes the oldest birds in Africa.[8] At least three orders and several families of sea birds are represented, including Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels, fossils assignable to Diomedeidae and Procellariidae), Pelecaniformes (pelicans and allies, fossils assignable to Phaethontidae, Prophaethontidae, Fregatidae and Pelagornithidae), and Anseriformes (waterfowl, including fossil Presbyornithidae).[8] Dinosaurs- Chenanisaurus barbaricus- Maastrichtian[6]
See also{{portal||Paleontology|Earth sciences|Morocco|Mining}}- Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
- Fauna of Africa
References[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]External links- Fossil Vertebrates from the Phosphate Basins of Morocco, paleontological research from the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.
{{Major African geological formations}} 7 : Sedimentary basins of Africa|Cenozoic paleontological sites of Africa|Geology of Morocco|Cretaceous paleontological sites of Africa|Eocene paleontological sites|Phosphate mines|Cretaceous System of Africa
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