词条 | Oxford Nanopore Technologies |
释义 |
| name = Oxford Nanopore Technologies | type = | traded_as = | ISIN = | industry = Nanopore sequencing | foundation = {{start date|2005}} | founder = {{Plainlist|
| key_people = {{Plainlist|
| location_city = Oxford Science Park, Oxford | location_country = United Kingdom | website = {{URL|nanoporetech.com}} }}Oxford Nanopore Technologies Limited is a U.K.-based company which is developing and selling nanopore sequencing products (including the portable DNA sequencer, MinION) for the direct, electronic analysis of single molecules.[2][3][3] HistoryThe company was founded in 2005 as a spin-out from the University of Oxford by Hagan Bayley, Gordon Sanghera, and Spike Willcocks, with seed funding from the IP Group.[4][5] {{As of|2014}} the company had raised over £250 million in investment.[4] ProductsThe main products of Oxford Nanopore are:
These products are intended to be used for the analysis of DNA, RNA, proteins and small molecules with a range of applications in personalized medicine, crop science, and scientific research.[6][33] As of October 2016, over 3,000 MinIONs have been shipped.[34] PromethION has started to ship in early access.[23] In a paper published in November 2014, one of the MAP participants wrote, "The MinION is an exciting step in a new direction for single-molecule sequencing, though it will require dramatic decreases in error rates before it lives up to its promise.".[6] By August 2016, bioinformatician Jared Simpson noted that 99.96% consensus accuracy was generated using the nanopolish tool after raw accuracy had been improved with the new R9 nanopore.[35] In July 2015, a group published on nanopore sequencing of an influenza genome, noting “A complete influenza virus genome was obtained that shared greater than 99% identity with sequence data obtained from the Illumina Miseq and traditional Sanger-sequencing. The laboratory infrastructure and computing resources used to perform this experiment on the MinION nanopore sequencer would be available in most molecular laboratories around the world. Using this system, the concept of portability, and thus sequencing influenza viruses in the clinic or field is now tenable.“ In a paper and accompanying editorial [36] published in October 2015,[37] a group of MinION users wrote, “At the time of this writing, around a dozen reports have emerged recounting utility of the MinION for de novo sequencing of viral, bacterial, and eukaryotic genomes.”. In March 2016 the Company announced a chemistry upgrade to ‘R9’, using the protein nanopore CsgG in collaboration with the lab of Han Remaut (VIB/Vrije Universiteit Brussel).[38] The Company stated in a webcast that R9 is designed to improve error rates and yield.[39] In late May 2016, the R9 nanopore was launched and users have reported high performance levels with the upgraded flow cells.[40] Early reports on social media report high levels of '1D' accuracy (sequencing one strand of the duplex DNA),[41] '2D' accuracy (sequencing both the template and complement strand)[42] and assembled accuracy.[43] Internet of Living ThingsOxford Nanopore has worked to establish the concept of an 'Internet of Living Things', originally conceived as an 'Internet of DNA' by David Haussler, a bioinformatician based at UC Santa Cruz.[44] In an article in Wired in 2015, Clive Brown, CTO of Oxford Nanopore noted that "future nanopore sensing devices linked to cloud based analyses could run anywhere on anything.".[30] The concept of an Internet of Living Things was referenced in a 2015 paper by Yaniv Erlich[45] describing a future of ubiquitous genomics. Erlich noted that "multiple appliances could benefit from integration with sequencing sensors, including air conditioning or the main water supply to monitor harmful pathogens. However, of all possible options, toilets may offer the best integration point.”.[46] For health-related applications he noted that "rapid sequencing at airport checkpoints might be useful to control pathogen outbreaks and offer medical assistance to affected passengers. Similarly, a portable sequencer will enable physicians to provide more accurate diagnoses in the field during humanitarian crises or in the clinic without the need to waste time by sending samples to a lab.” International Space Station MissionIn July 2016, a MiniON nanopore sequencer was included on the ninth NASA/SpaceX commercial cargo resupply services mission to the International Space Station.[47] The aim of the mission is to provide proof of concept for the MiniON’s functionality in a microgravity environment and then explore further uses on board. It has been suggested that the ability to execute DNA sequencing in space will allow monitoring of changes in microbes in the environment or humans in response to spaceflight, and possibly aid in the detection of DNA-based life elsewhere in the universe.[48] During the mission, ISS crew members successfully sequenced DNA from bacteria, bacteriophage and rodents from samples prepared on Earth.[49] Researchers on Earth performed synchronous ground controls to evaluate how well the MiniON works in the difficult conditions. Additionally, maintaining the MiniON device as a research facility on the space station holds the potential to support a number of additional science investigations, any of which could have Earth based applications.[50] References1. ^{{Who's Who | surname = BAYLEY | othernames = Prof. (John) Hagan (Pryce) | id = U44745 | volume = 2015 | edition = online edition via Oxford University Press}} {{subscription required}} 2. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nbt0412-295|pmid=22491260| title = Oxford Nanopore announcement sets sequencing sector abuzz| journal = Nature Biotechnology| volume = 30| issue = 4| pages = 295–6| year = 2012| last1 = Eisenstein | first1 = M. }} 3. ^{{Cite journal | pmid = 25143291| year = 2014| author1 = Loman| first1 = N. J.| title = Poretools: A toolkit for analyzing nanopore sequence data| journal = Bioinformatics| volume = 30| issue = 23| pages = 3399–401| last2 = Quinlan| first2 = A. R.| doi = 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu555 | pmc=4296151}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/about-us/history |title=Company history |publisher= Oxford Nanopore Technologies}} 5. ^{{cite news |date=2008-10-16 |title=DNA sequencing: The hole story |url=http://www.economist.com/node/12415210 |newspaper=The Economist |location=London |accessdate=2014-10-19}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal | pmid = 25187008| year = 2014| author1 = Mikheyev| first1 = A. S.| title = A first look at the Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencer| journal = Molecular Ecology Resources| volume = 14| issue = 6| pages = 1097–102| last2 = Tin| first2 = M. M. Y.| doi = 10.1111/1755-0998.12324}} 7. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nature.2014.14724| title = Data from pocket-sized genome sequencer unveiled| journal = Nature| year = 2014| last1 = Check Hayden | first1 = E. }} 8. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/521015a| title = Pint-sized DNA sequencer impresses first users| journal = Nature| volume = 521| issue = 7550| pages = 15–6| year = 2015| last1 = Check Hayden | first1 = E.| pmid=25951262}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ipgroupplc.com/media-centre/ip-group-news/2015/2015-07-21.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=November 20, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121024012/http://www.ipgroupplc.com/media-centre/ip-group-news/2015/2015-07-21.aspx |archivedate=November 21, 2015 }} 10. ^{{cite journal|last1=Loman|first1=Nicholas J|last2=Watson|first2=Mick|title=Successful test launch for nanopore sequencing|journal=Nature Methods|volume=12|issue=4|year=2015|pages=303–304|issn=1548-7091|doi=10.1038/nmeth.3327|pmid=25825834}} 11. ^{{cite journal|last1=Greninger|first1=Alexander L.|last2=Naccache|first2=Samia N.|last3=Federman|first3=Scot|last4=Yu|first4=Guixia|last5=Mbala|first5=Placide|last6=Bres|first6=Vanessa|last7=Stryke|first7=Doug|last8=Bouquet|first8=Jerome|last9=Somasekar|first9=Sneha|last10=Linnen|first10=Jeffrey M.|last11=Dodd|first11=Roger|last12=Mulembakani|first12=Prime|last13=Schneider|first13=Bradley S.|last14=Muyembe-Tamfum|first14=Jean-Jacques|last15=Stramer|first15=Susan L.|last16=Chiu|first16=Charles Y.|title=Rapid metagenomic identification of viral pathogens in clinical samples by real-time nanopore sequencing analysis|journal=Genome Medicine|volume=7|issue=1|year=2015|issn=1756-994X|doi=10.1186/s13073-015-0220-9}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://theconversation.com/how-a-small-backpack-for-fast-genomic-sequencing-is-helping-combat-ebola-41863|title=How a small backpack for fast genomic sequencing is helping combat Ebola|author=Nick Loman|date=15 May 2015|work=The Conversation}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-03/tgac-tto031715.php|title=TGAC's take on the first portable DNA sequencing 'laboratory'|date=19 March 2015|work=EurekAlert!}} 14. ^[https://nanopore.nakedtesting.com/community/publications-from-the-map]{{dead link|date=April 2016}} 15. ^{{cite biorxiv|biorxiv=019356|title=Real-time strain typing and analysis of antibiotic resistance potential using Nanopore MinION sequencing}} 16. ^{{cite journal|last1=Norris|first1=Alexis L.|last2=Workman|first2=Rachael E.|last3=Fan|first3=Yunfan|last4=Eshleman|first4=James R.|last5=Timp|first5=Winston|title=Nanopore sequencing detects structural variants in cancer|journal=Cancer Biology & Therapy|year=2016|pages=1–8|issn=1538-4047|doi=10.1080/15384047.2016.1139236|volume=17|pmc=4848001}} 17. ^{{cite journal|last1=Ammar|first1=Ron|last2=Paton|first2=Tara A.|last3=Torti|first3=Dax|last4=Shlien|first4=Adam|last5=Bader|first5=Gary D.|title=Long read nanopore sequencing for detection of HLA and CYP2D6 variants and haplotypes|journal=F1000Research|year=2015|issn=2046-1402|doi=10.12688/f1000research.6037.2}} 18. ^{{cite journal|last1=Cheng|first1=S. 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D.|title=Noninvasive Prenatal Testing by Nanopore Sequencing of Maternal Plasma DNA: Feasibility Assessment|journal=Clinical Chemistry|volume=61|issue=10|year=2015|pages=1305–1306|issn=0009-9147|doi=10.1373/clinchem.2015.245076|pmid=26286915}} 19. ^{{cite journal|last1=Wei|first1=S.|last2=Williams|first2=Z.|title=Rapid Short-Read Sequencing and Aneuploidy Detection Using MinION Nanopore Technology|journal=Genetics|volume=202|issue=1|year=2015|pages=37–44|issn=0016-6731|doi=10.1534/genetics.115.182311|pmid=26500254|pmc=4701100}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/community/publications-from-the-map |title=Publications and more from the MAP community |work=Publications and more from the MAP community |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626132328/https://nanoporetech.com/community/publications-from-the-map |archivedate=June 26, 2015 }} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://cws.nanoporetech.com/publications/2016/05/26/nanopores-allow-direct-sequencing-of-rna-and-modified-rna-nucleotides |title=Nanopores allow direct sequencing of RNA and modified RNA nucleotides}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://cws.nanoporetech.com/publications/2015/03/26/bacterial-and-viral-identification-and-differentiation-by-amplicon-sequencing-on-the-minion-nanopore-sequencer |title=Bacterial and viral identification and differentiation by amplicon sequencing on the MinION nanopore sequence}} 23. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/about-us/news/highlights-clive-g-browns-technical-update|title=Highlights of Clive G Brown's Technical Update|website=nanoporetech.com|access-date=2016-10-17}} 24. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.genomeweb.com/sequencing/oxford-nanopore-launches-gridion-x5-nanopore-sequencer-details-product-improvements|title=Oxford Nanopore Launches GridIon X5 Nanopore Sequencer, Details Product Improvements|work=GenomeWeb|access-date=2017-07-06|language=en}} 25. ^{{Cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/products/gridion|title=GridION X5|website=nanoporetech.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-06}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/community/promethion-access-programme|title=Community - Oxford Nanopore Technologies|publisher=}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/community/specifications|title=Specifications - Community - Oxford Nanopore Technologies|publisher=}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://nextgenseek.com/2015/05/oxford-nanopore-cto-clive-browns-talk-at-london-calling-minion-asic-voltrax-promethion/|title=Oxford Nanopore CTO Clive Brown’s Talk at London Calling: MinION ASIC, volTRAX, promethION|work=Next Gen Seek}} 29. ^{{Cite web|url=https://nanoporetech.com/products/voltrax|title=VolTRAX|website=nanoporetech.com|access-date=2016-10-17}} 30. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2015-04/24/clive-brown-oxford-nanopore-technologies-wired-health-2015|title=Oxford Nanopore: we want to create the internet of living things|work=Wired UK}} 31. ^{{Cite web|url=https://metrichor.com/s/about.shtml|title=Metrichor|website=metrichor.com|access-date=2016-08-17}} 32. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www2.nanoporetech.com/products-services/smidgion|title=SmidgION - 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R.|last2=Rizzardi|first2=Lindsay|last3=Yu|first3=Angela M.|last4=Rosen|first4=Gail L.|last5=Alexander|first5=Noah|last6=Botkin|first6=Douglas J.|last7=John|first7=Kristen K.|last8=Castro-Wallace|first8=Sarah L.|last9=Burton|first9=Aaron S.|date=2015-12-10|title=Nanopore Sequencing in Microgravity|biorxiv=032342}} External links
3 : Companies established in 2005|Companies based in Oxford|Genomics companies |
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