| 词条 | Pah Wongso Tersangka |
| 释义 |
| name = Pah Wongso Tersangka | image = Pah Wongso Tersangka advertisement.jpg | image_size = 300px | border = y | alt = Black-and-white advertisement | caption = Newspaper advertisement, Surabaya | director = Wu Tsun | producer = Jo Eng Sek | screenplay = Saeroen | starring ={{plain list|
}} | music = | cinematography = | editing = | studio = Star Film | distributor = | released ={{Film date|df=yes|1941|||Dutch East Indies}} | runtime = | country = Dutch East Indies | language = Indonesian | budget = | gross = }} Pah Wongso Tersangka (Indonesian for Pah Wongso Becomes a Suspect), also known under the Dutch title Pah Wongso Keert Terug (Pah Wongso Returns), is a 1941 film from the Dutch East Indies directed by Wu Tsun for Star Film. Saeroen's first work for the company, it is a sequel to the 1940 detective film Pah Wongso Pendekar Boediman, and stars the social worker L. V. Wijnhamer, Jr (better known as Pah Wongso) as a man who comes under suspicion and must clear his name. This possibly-lost film was styled as a comedy. PremisePah Wongso has come under suspicion and must clear his name.{{sfn|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} ProductionPah Wongso Tersangka was directed by Wu Tsun for the Batavia- (now Jakarta-) based Star Film, owned by Jo Eng Sek. The film was a sequel to Pah Wongso Pendekar Boediman, a detective film which was directed and produced by Jo Eng Sek, one of the owners of the Batavia (now Jakarta) based Star Film.{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Pah Wongso Pendekar}} The earlier film, a popular success, had been written to cash in on the popularity of the Hollywood characters Charlie Chan and Mr. Moto. It served as a vehicle for the Indo social worker L. V. Wijnhamer Jr., who was popular within the ethnic Chinese community for his social work, raising funds for the Red Cross to aid people in China and helping abandoned children.{{sfn|Biran|2009|p=246}} This black-and-white film was shot by Chok Chin Hsien, who had also handled the cinematography for Pah Wongso Pendekar Boediman.[1] The story was written by Saeroen, who was signed from Union Film for this production.[2] Saeroen had risen to fame after writing the box office hit Terang Boelan (1939), and his works for Tan's Film and Union had likewise been successes.{{sfn|Biran|1979|p=454}} Production had begun by September 1941.{{sfn|Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film 1941, Warta dari Studio|p=27}} Wijnhamer returned from the Pah Wongso Pendekar Boediman, and took up four different characters.{{sfn|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} Three further actors returned from the original film: M Arief, Primo Oesman, and R Sukran.[3] Further main cast members included Sylvia Hatjirah, S Waldy, and M Sarip.{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Pah Wongso Tersangka}} Of these, only Waldy, who had made his debut in 1940's Zoebaida for Oriental Film, had previous film experience.[4] Other cast members included Ma' Njai and Oemar.[5] Pah Wongso Tersangka emphasised comedy, rather than the detective story of the original. In an editorial in Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film, "S." wrote that such ventures into comedy – a genre which had not developed in the Indies – was important for the film industry as it would provide appropriate viewing material for children.{{sfn|S.|1941|p=14}} He deemed that the success of the comedic works of Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, and Laurel and Hardy provided ample evidence that the Indonesian market would support comedies, and expressed hope that the film – which also featured singing – would "leave audiences rolling with laughter".{{efn|Original: "membikin orang tertawa terpingkal-pingkal"}}{{sfn|S.|1941|p=15}} ReleasePah Wongso Tersangka was screened by December 1941, and was reported to be well received.{{sfn|Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film 1941, Tirai Terbentang}} Also advertised under the Dutch title Pah Wongso Keert Terug (Pah Wongso Returns), it was rated for all ages.{{sfn|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} An advertisement in the Soerabaijasch Handelsblad promoted the film as "exciting",{{efn|Original: "spannende"}} and emphasised the multiple roles taken by Wijnhamer.{{sfn|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} A novelisation of the film was published by the Yogyakarta based Kolff-Buning.{{sfn|WorldCat, Pah Wongso Tersangka}} LegacyAs Pah Wongso Tersangka was screening in cinemas, Star was working on its next film, Ajah Berdosa, which was released in January 1942.[6] This proved to be the company's last production; with the Japanese Empire's invasion of the Indies in March 1942, all studios – including Star – were closed.{{sfn|Biran|2009|pp=319, 332}} When the domestic industry was revived in 1948, Waldy was the only cast member to return to cinema; beginning with Air Mata Mengalir di Tjitarum (1949), he acted in over forty films before his death in 1968.{{efn|Pah Wongso Tersangka is the only film which Kristanto records in Sarip {{harv|Filmindonesia.or.id, M Sarip}} and Hatjirah's filmographies {{harv|Filmindonesia.or.id, Sylvia Hatjirah}}. The film was likewise Wijnhamer's last {{harv|Filmindonesia.or.id, LV Wijnhamer}}.}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Waldemar}} Pah Wongso Tersangka was screened as late as October 1947,{{sfn|Het Dagblad 1947, (untitled)}} but may now be lost. Movies in the Indies were recorded on highly flammable nitrate film, and after a fire destroyed much of Produksi Film Negara's warehouse in 1952, old films shot on nitrate were deliberately destroyed.{{sfn|Biran|2012|p=291}} As such, American visual anthropologist Karl G. Heider suggests that all Indonesian films from before 1950 are lost.{{sfn|Heider|1991|p=14}} However, Kristanto records several as having survived at Sinematek Indonesia's archives, and the film historian Misbach Yusa Biran writes that several Japanese propaganda films have survived at the Netherlands Government Information Service.{{sfn|Biran|2009|p=351}} Explanatory notes{{notelist}}References1. ^{{harvnb|Filmindonesia.or.id, Pah Wongso Pendekar}}; {{harvnb|Filmindonesia.or.id, Pah Wongso Tersangka}} 2. ^{{harvnb|WorldCat, Pah Wongso Tersangka}}; {{harvnb|Biran|2009|p=234}} 3. ^{{harvnb|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1941, Sampoerna}}; {{harvnb|S.|1941|pp=14–15}}; {{harvnb|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Biran|1979|p=489}}; {{harvnb|Filmindonesia.or.id, Sylvia Hatjirah}}; {{harvnb|Filmindonesia.or.id, M Sarip}} 5. ^{{harvnb|S.|1941|pp=14–15}}; {{harvnb|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} 6. ^{{harvnb|Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film 1941, Tirai Terbentang}}; {{harvnb|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, Sampoerna-theatre}} Works cited{{refbegin|40em}}
|title=Apa Siapa Orang Film Indonesia 1926–1978 |trans-title=What and Who: Film Figures in Indonesia, 1926–1978 |year=1979 |oclc=6655859 |ref=harv |publisher=Sinematek Indonesia |editor-last=Biran |editor-first=Misbach Yusa }}
|title=Bikin Film di Jawa |trans-title=History of Film 1900–1950: Making Films in Java |language=Indonesian |last=Biran |first=Misbach Yusa |author-link=Misbach Yusa Biran |location=Jakarta |publisher=Komunitas Bamboo working with the Jakarta Art Council |year=2009 |isbn=978-979-3731-58-2 |ref=harv }}
|title=Indonesia dalam Arus Sejarah: Masa Pergerakan Kebangsaan |trans-title=Indonesia in the Flow of Time: The Nationalist Movement |language=Indonesian |last=Biran |first=Misbach Yusa |chapter=Film di Masa Kolonial |trans-chapter=Film in the Colonial Period |publisher=Ministry of Education and Culture |year=2012 |volume=V |pages=268–93 |isbn=978-979-9226-97-6 |ref=harv }}
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m4DVrBo91lEC |title=Indonesian Cinema: National Culture on Screen |isbn=978-0-8248-1367-3 |author1=Heider |first1=Karl G |year=1991 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |location=Honolulu |ref=harv }}
|title=LV Wijnhamer |language=Indonesian |url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4bc426d8a0e2c_lv-wijnhamer/filmography |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6SMOlqhTw |archivedate=5 September 2014 |accessdate=5 September 2014 |publisher=Konfiden Foundation |work=filmindonesia.or.id |ref={{SfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, LV Wijnhamer}} }}
|title=M Sarip |language=Indonesian |url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4bc42ce62eb1f_m-sarip/filmography |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6SMOKespi |archivedate=5 September 2014 |accessdate=5 September 2014 |publisher=Konfiden Foundation |work=filmindonesia.or.id |ref={{SfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, M Sarip}} }}
| title = Pah Wongso Pendekar Boediman | language = Indonesian | url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-p025-40-061590_pah-wongso-pendekar-boediman | work = filmindonesia.or.id | publisher = Konfiden Foundation | location = Jakarta | accessdate = 23 July 2012 | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/69QIjZKki | archivedate = 23 July 2012 | ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Pah Wongso Pendekar}}
| title = Pah Wongso Tersangka | language = Indonesian | url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-p018-41-447112_pah-wongso-tersangka/credit | work = filmindonesia.or.id | publisher = Konfiden Foundation | location = Jakarta | accessdate = 23 July 2012 | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/6SMCr9KMX | archivedate = 23 July 2012 | ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Pah Wongso Tersangka}}
| title = Pah Wongso Tersangka | url = http://www.worldcat.org/title/pah-wongso-tersangka/oclc/65071608&referer=brief_results | publisher = WorldCat | accessdate = 12 April 2014 | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/6OmCABISR | archivedate = 12 April 2012 | ref = {{sfnRef|WorldCat, Pah Wongso Tersangka}}
|last=S. |title=Tidakkah Indonesia Dapat Mengadakan Film Loetjoe? |trans-title=Can't Indonesians Make Comedies? |language=Indonesian |work=Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film |pages=14–15 |date=October 1941 |location=Batavia |ref=harv }}
|title=Sampoerna: Pah Wongso Pendekar Boediman |language=Dutch |url=http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011122320:mpeg21:a0131 |work=Soerabaijasch Handelsblad |page=7 |location=Surabaya |date=19 June 1941 |ref={{sfnRef|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1941, Sampoerna}} }}
|title=Sampoerna-theatre: 'Ajah Berdosa' |language=Dutch |work=Soerabaijasch Handelsblad |location=Surabaya |page=6 |date=9 January 1942 |url=http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A011122023%3Ampeg21%3Ap006%3Aa0097 |ref={{sfnRef|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, Sampoerna-theatre}} }}
|title=Sylvia Hatjirah |language=Indonesian |url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4bc42c8079bac_sylvia-hatjirah/filmography |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6SMNx74WP |archivedate=5 September 2014 |accessdate=5 September 2014 |publisher=Konfiden Foundation |work=filmindonesia.or.id |ref={{SfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Sylvia Hatjirah}} }}
|title=Tirai Terbentang |trans-title=Open Curtains |language=Indonesian |work=Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film |date=December 1941 |pages=28–29 |volume=1 |issue=7 |location=Batavia |ref={{sfnRef|Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film 1941, Tirai Terbentang}} }}
|title=(Untitled) |language=Dutch |url=http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011121961:mpeg21:a0115 |work=Soerabaijasch Handelsblad |page=7 |location=Surabaya |date=2 February 1942 |ref={{sfnRef|Soerabaijasch Handelsblad 1942, (untitled)}} }}
|title=(Untitled) |language=Dutch |url=http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010895950:mpeg21:a0087 |work=Het Dagblad |location=Jakarta |page=4 |date=23 October 1947 |ref={{sfnRef|Het Dagblad 1947, (untitled)}} }}
|title=Waldemar Caerel Hunter |language=Indonesian |url=http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4b9bad55b4c8e_s-waldy/filmography |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6NzBOHzvb |archivedate=11 March 2014 |accessdate=11 March 2014 |publisher=Konfiden Foundation |work=filmindonesia.or.id |ref={{SfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Waldemar}} }}
|title=Warta dari Studio |trans-title=Reports from Studios |language=Indonesian |work=Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film |date=September 1941 |pages=26–28 |volume=1 |issue=4 |location=Batavia |ref={{sfnRef|Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film 1941, Warta dari Studio}} }}{{refend}} 5 : Films of the Dutch East Indies|Indonesian black-and-white films|Indonesian films|Lost Indonesian films|Malay-language films |
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