| 词条 | Pancasila economics |
| 释义 |
In essence, a Pancasila economy is a system that tries to avoid pendulum-like swings from one extreme (a free market economy) to the other (socialism). In simple terms, a "Pancasila economy" can be described as a market economic system with government control or a controlled market economy. A Pancasila economy can be considered an example of a mixed economy system or a third way of managing an economic system.[2] A Pancasila economy is seen as a counterbalance to a neoclassical approach promoting individualism and free markets{{sfn|Mubyarto|2002|68}} that is adapted the values of Indonesian society, including religious values, culture, customs and norms.[4] CharacteristicsThe Pancasila economic system is based on Article 33 of the Indonesian constitution. The article calls for "collective enterprises under the principle of 'familyism' ({{lang-id|kekeluargaan}})", which is meant to be implemented through cooperatives, the state control of the commanding heights of the economy and of land and resources. The five basic characteristics of the economic concept of Pancasila are:[3]
The Pancasila economic system has significant differences from liberal economic systems.[3] It is oriented to the common people.[3][8] Pancasila is also different from socialism which does not recognize individual ownership.[3][4] IndonesiaThere has been much discussion about the need for a Pancasila economic system in economic development policy in Indonesia since Indonesian independence in 1945.[5] The principles of a Pancasila economy were mandated by the Indonesian Constitution in 1945. These include humanity, economic nationalism, economic democracy and justice.[5] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ekonoomi.com/2013/10/macam-dan-pengertian-sistem-ekonomi.html|title=Macam dan Pengertian Sistem Ekonomi|accessdate=15 May 2014|publisher=www.ekonoomi.com}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ekonomikerakyatan.ugm.ac.id/My%20Web/sembul12_2.htm|author=Prof. Dr. Dawam Rahardjo|title=Analisis Pancasila sebagai Filosofi Perekonomian|accessdate=15 May 2014|publisher=www.ekonomikerakyatan.ugm.ac.id}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://poskotanews.com/2013/09/02/prof-mubyarto-dan-ekonomi-pancasila/|title=Prof Mubyarto dan Ekonomi Pancasila|accessdate=15 May 2014|publisher=poskotanews.com}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/82614/pancasila-needs-to-be-implemented-to-economic-system|title=Pancasila needs to be implemented a system to economic|accessdate=15 May 2014|publisher=www.antaranews.com}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://pelitaonline.com/opinions/membumikan-sistem-ekonomi-pancasila|title=Membumikan Sistem Ekonomi Pancasila|accessdate=15 May 2014|publisher=pelitaonline.com}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
3 : Economic systems|Economy of Indonesia|New Order (Indonesia) |
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