| 词条 | Papirovka |
| 释义 |
| name = Papirovka | image = Malus Klarapfel.jpg | image_width = 250px | hybrid = Chance seedling | cultivar = | origin = Eastern Europe, before 1949[1] }}Papirovka ({{lang-pl|Papierówka}}) is a cold-resistant early-ripening apple (Malus domestica) cultivar grown across Central and Eastern Europe and the Baltics. Along with Antonovka and others, it is one of five cultivars that comprise half of the apple production in the former USSR,[2][3] and is one of the most popular early-summer varieties in Poland. It is prone to bruising, so it needs careful handling and storage.[4][5][6] Papirovka apples have also been called early Paper apples or Polish paper apples.[7] Some sources consider the papirovka to be identical to the White Transparent, but in Russia the two cultivars are considered distinct.[8] Compared to the White Transparent, Papirovka apples are larger, more sour, and without any blush in their yellow-white color.[9] See also
References1. ^National Fruit Collection page {{Apples|state=collapsed}}Papierówka (jabłoń){{fruit-stub}}2. ^{{citation|title=Biology of apples and pears|first=John Ellwood|last=Jackson|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0-521-38018-8|page=29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fP_u3nk_ixcC&pg=PA29}}. 3. ^{{citation|series=ISHS Acta Horticulturae|volume=290|title=Genetic Resources of Temperate Fruit and Nut Crops|contribution=Apples (Malus)|first1=R. D.|last1=Way|first2=H. S.|last2=Aldwinckle|first3=R. C.|last3=Lamb|first4=A.|last4=Rejman|first5=S.|last5=Sansavini|first6=T.|last6=Shen|first7=R.|last7=Watkins|first8=M. N.|last8=Westwood|first9=Y.|last9=Yoshida|url=http://www.actahort.org/books/290/290_1.htm|pages=3–46}}. 4. ^Jabłoń OLIWKA ŻÓŁTA (PAPIERÓWKA), www.dzialka-ogrod.pl, 2010 5. ^Papierówka (Oliwka Inflacka), 2010 rolnicy.com 6. ^Piotr Gach, Jabłoń domowa (Malus domestica), drzewa.nk4.netmark.pl 7. ^{{citation|title=The newest Russian importation|first=Javalav|last=Niemetz|journal=The Canadian Horticulturist|volume=15|page=126|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fs1FAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA126|publisher=Fruit Growers Association of Ontario|year=1892}}. 8. ^{{citation|title=The New Book of Apples: The Definitive Guide to Apples, Including Over 2,000 Varieties|first1=Joan|last1=Morgan|first2=Alison|last2=Richards|publisher=Ebury|year=2002|page=250}}. 9. ^{{citation|url=http://sadisibiri.hop.ru/mal-papir-belNaliv.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331060002/http://sadisibiri.hop.ru/mal-papir-belNaliv.html|title=Сорта яблони Белый налив и Папировка|trans-title=Apple varieties White Transparent and Papirovka|first=Г.|last=Казанин|language=Russian|archivedate=2012-03-31|accessdate=2011-08-24}}. 1 : Apple cultivars |
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