词条 | Steyr AUG |
释义 |
|name=Steyr AUG | image= AUG A1 508mm 04.jpg |caption=Steyr AUG A1 with {{convert|508|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} barrel |type=Bullpup assault rifle Carbine Light machine gun Squad automatic weapon Submachine gun |service=1978–present[1] |wars=See Conflicts |designer=Horst Wesp Karl Wagner Karl Möser |number= |length=
|width= |height= |diameter= |action=Gas-operated, rotating bolt | image_size = 300 |origin=Austria |is_ranged=Yes |used_by=See Users |design_date=1977 |manufacturer=Steyr Mannlicher Thales Australia, Lithgow Facility SME Ordnance |unit_cost= |production_date=
|variants=See Variants |weight=
|part_length=
|cartridge=
|rate=680–750 RPM[2] |velocity=Standard rifle: {{convert|970|m/s|0|abbr=on}} |range={{convert|300|m}} |max_range={{convert|2700|m}} |feed=
|sights=Swarovski 1.5× telescopic sight, emergency battle sights, and Picatinny rail for various optics }} The Steyr AUG (Armee-Universal-Gewehr—"universal army rifle") is an Austrian 5.56×45mm NATO bullpup assault rifle, designed in the 1960s by Steyr-Daimler-Puch and now manufactured by Steyr Mannlicher GmbH & Co KG. It was adopted by the Austrian Army as the StG 77 (Sturmgewehr 77) in 1978,[3] where it replaced the 7.62×51mm NATO StG 58 automatic rifle (a licence-built FN FAL).[4] In production since 1978, it is the standard small arm of the Austrian Bundesheer and various national police units. Its variants have also been adopted by the armed forces of dozens of countries. Design detailsThe Steyr AUG is a selective-fire, bullpup weapon with a conventional gas-piston-operated action that fires from a closed bolt.[17] It is designed as a Modular Weapon System that could be quickly configured as a rifle, a carbine, a sniper rifle, a sub-machine gun and even an open-bolt squad automatic weapon. The AUG employs a very high level of advanced firearms technology and is made with the extensive use of polymers and aluminum components. It is chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge and has the standard 1:9 rifling twist that will stabilize both SS109/M855 and M193 rounds. Some nations including Australia, Ireland and New Zealand use a version with a 1:7 twist optimized for the SS109 NATO round. The SMG versions are chambered for 9mm Parabellum. The AUG consists of six interchangeable assemblies: the barrel, receiver with integrated telescopic sight or Picatinny rail, bolt carrier assembly, trigger mechanism, stock and magazine.[17] Operating mechanismThe AUG has a rotating bolt that features 7 radial locking lugs and is unlocked by means of a pin on the bolt body and a recessed camming guide machined into the bolt carrier. The bolt carrier itself is guided by two guide rods brazed to it and these rods run inside steel bearings in the receiver. The guide rods are hollow and contain the return springs. The bolt also contains a claw extractor that forms the eighth locking lug and a spring-loaded "bump"-type casing ejector. The gas cylinder is offset to the right side of the barrel and works with one of the two guide rods. The AUG uses a short-stroke piston system where the right guide rod serves as the action rod, transmitting the rearward motion of the gas-driven piston to the bolt carrier. The left-hand rod provides retracting handle pressure when connected by the forward assist and can also be utilized as a reamer to remove fouling in the gas cylinder. The firearm uses a 3-position gas valve. The first setting, marked with a small dot, is used for normal operation. The second setting, illustrated with a large dot, indicates fouled conditions. The third, "GR" closed position is used to launch rifle grenades (of the non-bullet trap type). The AUG is hammer-fired and the firing mechanism is contained in the rear of the stock, near the butt, covered by a synthetic rubber shoulder plate. The hammer group is made entirely of plastics except for the springs and pins and is contained in an open-topped plastic box which lies between the magazine and the buttplate. During firing the recoiling bolt group travels over the top of it, resetting the hammer. Since the trigger is located some distance away, it transmits its energy through a sear lever which passes by the side of the magazine. The firing pin is operated by a plastic hammer under pressure from a coil spring. FeaturesThe AUG comes standard with four magazines, a muzzle cap, spare bolt for left-handed shooters, blank-firing adaptor, cleaning kit, sling and either an American M7 or German KCB-77 M1 bayonet. Muzzle devices and barrel lengthsA three-pronged, open-type flash suppressors were used on the {{convert|350|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}, {{convert|407|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} and {{convert|508|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} length barrels, whereas the {{convert|621|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} light machine gun barrel received a closed-type ported muzzle device (combination flash suppressor and compensator) and an integral, lightweight folding bipod. The flash suppressors are screwed to the muzzle and internally threaded to take a blank-firing attachment. TriggerThe AUG features an Spz-kr type progressive trigger (pulling the trigger halfway produces semi-automatic fire, pulling the trigger all the way to the rear produces fully automatic fire) and a safety mechanism (cross-bolt, button type), located immediately above the hand grip.[17] In its "safe" position (white dot) the trigger is mechanically disabled; pressing the safety button to the left exposes a red dot and indicates the weapon is ready to fire. Some versions have an ALO or "automatic lockout", a small projection at the base of the trigger. This was first included on the Irish Defence Forces variant of the rifle, and soon after, the Australian Defence Forces variant. In the exposed position the ALO stops the trigger being squeezed past the semi-automatic position. If needed, the ALO can be pushed up to permit automatic fire.[5] Ammunition feedingThe AUG is fed from a translucent, double-column box magazines (molded from a high-strength polymer) with a 30-round capacity and an empty weight of {{convert|130|g|abbr=on}}. The light machine gun version of the AUG uses an extended 42-round magazine. An Argentine variant of the FN FAL chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge and known as the FALMP III Type 2 also uses the same magazine. SightsThe AUG has a 1.5× telescopic sight that is integrated with the receiver casting and is made by Swarovski Optik.[17] It contains a simple black ring reticle with a basic rangefinder that is designed so that at {{convert|300|m|ft|1|abbr=on}} a 180 cm (5ft 11in) tall man-size target will completely fill it, giving the shooter an accurate method of estimating range. The sight cannot be set to a specific range but can be adjusted for windage and elevation for an initial zero and is designed to be calibrated for 300 m. So when it is set, aiming at the center of a target will produce a hit at all ranges out to 300 m. It also has a backup iron sight with a rear notch and front blade, cast into the top of the aluminium optical sight housing, used in case of failure or damage to the primary optical sight. The sight is also equipped with a set of three illuminated dots (one on the front blade and two at the rear) for use in low-level lighting conditions. In order to mount a wide range of optics and accessories, a receiver with a NATO-standard Picatinny rail and detachable carrying handle was also developed and introduced in December 1997. EngineeringThe quick-change barrel used in the AUG is cold hammer-forged by GFM-GmbH of Steyr Austria for increased precision and durability, its bore, chamber and certain components of the gas system are chrome-plated. The standard rifle-length barrel features 6 right-hand grooves and a rifling twist rate of 228 mm (1:9 in). An external sleeve is shrunk on to the barrel and carries the gas port and cylinder, gas valve and forward grip hinge jaw. There is a short cylinder which contains a piston and its associated return spring. The barrel locks into a steel insert inside the receiver through a system of eight lugs arranged around the chamber end and is equipped with a folding, vertical grip that helps to pivot and withdraw the barrel during barrel changes. The most compact of the barrels has a fixed vertical grip. The receiver housing is a steel-reinforced aluminium extrusion finished with a baked enamel coating.[17] It holds the steel bearings for the barrel lugs and the guide rods. The non-reciprocating plastic cocking handle works in a slot on the left side of the receiver and is connected to the bolt carrier's left guide rod. The cocking handle has a forward assist feature—alternatively called a "silent cocking device"—used for pushing the bolt shut without recocking the rifle.[17][24] A bolt hold-open device locks the bolt carrier assembly back after the last round has been fired.[24] The newer AUG A3s possess a bolt release button, prior to this development all AUGs and the USR required the cocking handle being retracted to release the bolt group after a new magazine has been inserted. Older versions of the AUG can be upgraded to use the newer A3 stock and in turn the button release; however, it requires they also upgrade other key parts as well including the hammer pack. The rifle's stock is made from fibreglass-reinforced polyamide 66. At the forward end is the pistol grip with an enlarged forward trigger guard completely enclosing the firing hand that allows the rifle to be operated with winter gloves.[17] The trigger is hung permanently on the pistol grip, together with its two operating rods which run in guides past the magazine housing. Behind that is the locking catch for the stock group. Pressing this to the right will separate the receiver and stock. The magazine catch is behind the housing, on the underside of the stock. Above the housing are the two ejector openings, one of which is always covered by a removable strip of plastic. The rear of the stock forms the actual shoulder rest which contains the hammer unit and the end of the bolt path. The butt is closed by an endplate which is held in place by the rear sling swivel. This swivel is attached to a pin which pushes in across the butt and secures the plate. There is a cavity under the buttplate that holds a cleaning kit. ModularityAustrian versionsStockWhile the AUG is not fully ambidextrous, it can still be configured to be use for left- or right-handed operators by changing the bolt with one that has the extractor and ejector on the appropriate side, and moving the blanking plate to cover the ejection port not in use. However, there exists also a right-hand-only stock that allows for the use of M16 type STANAG magazines.[6][7] ReceiversThe AUG's receiver may also be changed from the standard model with a carrying handle and built-in 1.5× optical sight,[29] to the "T" model receiver which has a universal scope mount to allow for the use of a variety of scopes and sights.[29] The rifle also has several different types of receivers with Picatinny rails.[8] It has proven to be an effective sniper or designated marksman rifle when configured with the {{convert|621|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} light machine gun barrel, the universal scope mount fitted with a Kahles ZF69 6×42 optical sight and the semi-auto-only trigger group. Firing mechanismThe AUG's firing mechanism may also be changed at will, into a variety of configurations, including semi-auto and full-auto, semi-auto and three-round-burst, semi-auto-only, or any other combination that the user may desire.[9] It may also be converted into an open-bolt full-auto-only mode of fire, which allows for improved cooling and eliminates cook off problems when the AUG is used as a light machine gun or squad automatic weapon.[9] BarrelsAll AUGs are equipped with quick detachable barrels; including compact {{convert|350|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} barrels, {{convert|407|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} carbine barrels, {{convert|508|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} standard rifle-length barrels and {{convert|621|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} light machine gun barrels.[10] Rifles equipped with {{convert|508|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} pattern barrels produced for military purposes are also equipped with bayonet lugs. The {{convert|407|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} and {{convert|508|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} barrels are capable of launching NATO STANAG type 22 mm rifle grenades from their integral flash hiders without the use of an adapter. AUG barrels can also mount 40 mm M203 or AG36 grenade launchers. Steyr also offers {{convert|508|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} barrel configurations fitted with a fixed, post front-sight used on the standard rifle version with aperture iron sights. Irish Army upgradesIn 2014 the Irish Army began issuing upgraded Steyr AUG bullpup assault rifles to its operational units. The modularity of the AUG allowed the Irish AUG A1 model rifles to be modernized without any gunsmithing, by replacing the original A1 housing/receiver group (with 1.5× optical sight) with an A3 housing/receiver group (with MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rail on top and right side) allowing a modern optical sight to be fitted. The Trijicon ACOG 4× sight was selected as the new optical sight. The upgraded rifles are called the Steyr AUG Mod 14. Australian versionsThe Australian's F88 version of the AUG was tested with a new grenade launcher specifically designed for it called the ML40AUS GLA (Grenade Launcher Assembly), one of the lightest underbarrel grenade launchers at less than {{convert|1|kg|lb|abbr=on}} due to steel, aluminium, and synthetic parts. The GLA is mounted on the rifle's bottom accessory rail with the trigger moving through a removable plug in the trigger guard that allows for operation of the launcher inside of it, moving it further back than other launchers to maintain center of balance and improve handling. The ML40AUS differs from the M203 by having a side-opening breech to allow for longer grenade rounds, a cross-bolt safety, and a new quadrant sight that mounts to the top rail alongside the rifle's optics.[11] On 21 January 2014 however, Thales announced they had instead selected the Steyr SL40 grenade launcher due to "significant" engineering concerns with the ML40AUS. The SL40 is a derivative of the Steyr GL40 launcher designed specifically for the EF88. It weighs {{convert|1.025|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and has a {{convert|180|mm|in|abbr=on}} long barrel. Though marginally heavier than the ML40AUS, it has the same attachment, firing mechanism, and control layout.[12] New Zealand Army adoptionThe New Zealand Army adopted the F88 Austeyr and made some modifications. It differs from the Australian version in several ways. One of the more notable is that it has three fire settings (off, single, auto), whereas the Australian version has two (off, and a single-auto setting depending on how far the trigger is pressed).[13]{{dead|date=November 2018}} VariantsAustrian versionsThe Austrian Army adopted the Steyr AUG and designated it as the Sturmgewehr 77 (StG 77).
Assault rifle variantsThe Steyr AUG is a 5.56×45mm NATO bullpup assault rifle.
Military upgrades
Submachine gun variantsBased on the AUG, Steyr developed the 9mm AUG submachine gun variant. It is an automatic, blowback-operated model that fires from a closed bolt, and is chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge. Unlike the rifle variants, it has a unique {{convert|420|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} barrel with six right-hand grooves at a 250 mm (1:9.8 in) rifling twist rate, ended with a recoil compensator, a slightly different charging handle and a magazine well conversion insert enabling the use of standard 25-round box magazines from the Steyr MPi 81 and TMP submachine guns. A conversion kit used to transform any rifle variant into the submachine gun is also available. It consists of a barrel, bolt, adapter insert and magazine.
Light machine gun and sniper variantsThe light machine gun variant can be modified to fire from an open bolt (called the AUG LMG in this configuration). To accomplish this, a modified bolt carrier, striker and trigger mechanism with sear are used.
Semi-automatic only variantsA semi-automatic version of the rifle known as the AUG P is available to the civilian and law enforcement markets. It features a shorter, {{convert|407|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} barrel and a modified bolt, carrier and trigger assembly that will only allow semi-automatic fire. The rifle also has a slightly different optical sight that features a reticule with a fine dot in the centre of the aiming circle, allowing for more precise aiming.
Straight pull only variants
Australian versionsThe Australian Army adopted the Steyr AUG A1 and made some modifications, and designated it as the F88 Austeyr.
1. Length of pull has been shortened by 15 mm. (The distance between the stock backplate and the grip; too long and it becomes difficult to handle on close quarters) 2. Longer top rail and a modular lower forend with side and bottom rails. 3. Floating barrel which increases accuracy. 4. Fluted Barrel which dissipates heat from automatic fire. 5. Folding charging handle. 6. Improved butt design which has increased strength and a recessed ejection port cover to improve reliability. 7. Bolt-together butt for easier disassembly. 8. Cyclic rate of fire of 850 rounds per minute (RPM). 9. Provision for electronic architecture to allow centralized control and power management of ancillary devices. 10. Primarily uses the side-loading grenade launcher (Steyr-Mannlicher SL40) which can fire all currently available 40 mm low velocity grenades. 11. Improved grenade launcher mount which improves the balance of the weapon. 12. Improved grenade launcher safety, the new KORD RIC (Rifle Input Control) electronic control system made by Thales will also be integrated into the rifle.[29][31][32]
AUG clones
ConflictsThe Steyr AUG has been used in the following conflicts:
Users
Non-state actors
See also
References1. ^https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2019/03/04/idex-2019-steyr-aug-300-blk-and-stm556-from-austria/ 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_A1_A2_press_01.pdf|title=STEYR AUG A1 / A2|accessdate=14 November 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430052543/http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_A1_A2_press_01.pdf|archivedate=30 April 2012|df=dmy-all}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.bmlv.gv.at/waffen/waf_stg77.shtml|title=Bundesheer|author=BMLVS – Abteilung Kommunikation – Referat 3|work=bmlv.gv.at}} 4. ^Ezell (1993) p. 223 5. ^Manual of the Steyr rifle, Irish Defence Forces 6. ^1 http://steyr-aug.com/Am161.jpg 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://steyrarms.com/accessories/aug/aug-stock-sa-black.html|title=Steyr AUG NATO Conversion kit – AUG Accessories – Accessories|accessdate=14 November 2014}}{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://steyrarms.com/steyr-aug-a3-m1.html|title=Steyr AUG A3 M1|work=steyrarms.com|accessdate=11 August 2016}} 9. ^1 2 3 Jane's Guns Recognition Guide, Ian Hogg & Terry Gander, HarperCollins Publisher, 2005, pp. 273 and 361 10. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ezell(1993) p. 224 11. ^Testing & Evaluating the EF88 Assault Rifle – SAdefensejournal.com, 4 March 2013 12. ^Thales selects Steyr SL40 grenade launcher for EF88 – Rogueadventurer.com, 21 January 2014 13. ^{{cite book|author=Patrick Sweeney|title=Gun Digest Book of The Tactical Rifle: A User's Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVW9hALa3ysC&pg=PA144|date=25 February 2011|publisher=Gun Digest Books|isbn=1-4402-1898-6|pages=144–}} 14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/index.php?eID=tx_nawsecuredl&u=0&file=uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_A1_A2_press_01.pdf&t=1244185479&hash=0c46aaef884d605a158cc8f071e0d9f9|title=Steyr AUG A1 / A2|work=Steyr Mannlicher|format=PDF|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/index.php?eID=tx_nawsecuredl&u=0&file=uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_A3_press_01.pdf&t=1244186156&hash=03cbd910081364335b9d679102a4ef4e|title=Steyr AUG A3|publisher=Steyr Mannlicher|format=PDF|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/index.php?eID=tx_nawsecuredl&u=0&file=uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_A3SF_press_01.pdf&t=1244186187&hash=8af3affc13f53d7bd8ccdafe807c9f75|title=Steyr AUG A3 SF|work=Steyr Mannlicher|format=PDF|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.doppeladler.com/oebh/infanterie/stg77.htm|title=Steyr AUG A2 Commando|accessdate=14 November 2014}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/index.php?eID=tx_nawsecuredl&u=0&file=uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_9mm_press_01.pdf&t=1244186229&hash=6cfc561eebb60151883a5ec12f877966 |title=Steyr AUG 9mm |work=Steyr Mannlicher|format=PDF|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://remtek.com/arms/steyr/aug/aug9/aug9mm.htm|title=AUG 9mm|publisher=REMTEK|accessdate=4 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714061534/http://remtek.com/arms/steyr/aug/aug9/aug9mm.htm|archive-date=14 July 2009|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}{{Self-published inline|date=February 2015|certain=y}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.steyr-mannlicher.com/index.php?eID=tx_nawsecuredl&u=0&file=uploads/media/STM_Produktblatt_AUG_A3_9mm_XS_press_01.pdf&t=1244186274&hash=7702ca358d8b8e6b19431ab9dc7b0c88 |title=Steyr AUG A3 9mm XS|publisher=Steyr Mannlicher|format=PDF|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 21. ^https://www.taringa.net/posts/info/19285398/Armamento-utilizado-por-el-Ejercito-Nacional-del-Uruguay.html 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.steyrarms.com/products/sporting-rifles/steyr-aug-z/|title=Steyr AUG/A3 SA USA|work=Steyr Mannlicher US|publisher=Steyr Mannlicher|accessdate=4 June 2009}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://emptormaven.com/2009/10/steyr-auga3-usa/|title=Steyr AUG/A3 USA}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.imfdb.org/wiki/Steyr_AUG|title=Steyr AUG – Internet Movie Firearms Database – Guns in Movies, TV and Video Games|website=imfdb.org|access-date=20 June 2017}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hunteroc.com/2014/Steyr_Arms_PR4.html|title=Hunter Outdoor Communications|accessdate=14 November 2014}} 26. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/weapon/f88-austeyr|title=F88 Austeyr|last=Navy|first=corporateName=Royal Australian|website=navy.gov.au|access-date=23 June 2017}} 27. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.army.gov.au/our-work/equipment-and-clothing/small-arms/f88-austeyr-f88a2-with-ring-sight-and-f88a2-with-acog-rmr|title=F88 Austeyr – F88A2 with ring sight and F88A2 with ACOG RMR and GLA|last=ChrisBurritt|date=21 September 2016|website=army.gov.au|access-date=23 June 2017}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.adi-limited.com/site.asp?page=148|title=Steyr.|website=adi-limited.com|accessdate=21 May 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607115127/http://www.adi-limited.com/site.asp?page=148|archivedate=7 June 2008|df=dmy-all}} 29. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2011smallarms/WednesdayInter12397Evenden.pdf|title=Improving In-Service Small Arms Systems: An Australian Experience|publisher=Defence Material Organisation|date=1 June 2011|accessdate=12 August 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020204550/http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2011smallarms/WednesdayInter12397Evenden.pdf|archivedate=20 October 2016|df=dmy-all}} 30. ^{{Cite web|url=http://modernfirearms.net/assault/austr/f90-e.html|title=Modern Firearms – Thales EF88 / F90 assault rifle (Australia)|website=modernfirearms.net|access-date=22 June 2017}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w54.biz/showthread.php?79-EF88-Rail-Configuration|title=EF88 Rail Configuration|accessdate=14 November 2014}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indiandefence.com/forums/military-forum/14952-australia%92s-next-gen-rifle-ef-88-a.html|title=Australia's Next Generation Rifle|work=Indian Defence Forum|accessdate=19 June 2016}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 33. ^{{cite web|title=Thales debuts new assault rifle – the F90|url=http://www.thalesgroup.com/Press_Releases/Markets/Defence/2012/Thales_debuts_new_assault_rifle_%E2%80%93_the_F90/|work=Press release|publisher=Thales|accessdate=11 June 2012|date=11 June 2012|quote=The F90 is identical to the EF88-designated weapon currently being developed by the company for Australia's LAND 125 program, and is based on the F88 platform that has been in service and evolved in Australia since the late 1980s. ... Thales is in cooperation with Austrian company Steyr Mannlicher to pursue specific opportunities, such as the French DGA FAMAS replacement project, utilising Steyr Mannlicher's manufacturing experience and facilities.|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130203161923/http://www.thalesgroup.com/Press_Releases/Markets/Defence/2012/Thales_debuts_new_assault_rifle_%E2%80%93_the_F90/|archivedate=3 February 2013|df=dmy-all}} 34. ^[https://archive.is/20140924200508/http://www.armyrecognition.com/september_2014_global_defense_security_news_uk/thales_australia_f90_assault_rifle_to_enter_low_rate_initial_production_.html Thales Australia F90 assault rifle to enter low rate initial production] – Armyrecognition.com, 24 September 2014 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/?p=3685|title=ADEX 2015|website=Small Arms Defense Journal|accessdate=21 May 2017}} 36. ^http://www.armyrecognition.com/defexpo_2018_india_news_show_daily/thales_and_mku_have_signed_mou_to_produce_f90_assault_rifle_in_india.html 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2018/01/30/shot-2018-lithgow-atrax-production-usa-now/|title=[SHOT 2018] Lithgow Atrax IN PRODUCTION in USA Now |work=The Firearm Blog|accessdate=22 May 2018}} 38. ^1 2 {{Cite journal| last = Choat| first = Chris| title = Microtech's STG-556 An Exclusive First Look| journal = The Small Arms Review| volume = 11| issue = 6| pages = 43–50| date = March 2008| postscript = }} 39. ^{{cite web| title = MSAR – Microtech Small Arms Research Inc.| publisher = Microtech Small Arms Research| url = http://www.msarinc.com/home.html| accessdate = 12 October 2007}} 40. ^TPD-USA – Tactical Products Design Inc. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017065225/http://tpdusa.com/products.php?cat=5 |date=17 October 2007 }} Retrieved on 12 October 2007. 41. ^Modern Firearms' TPD AXR Rifle. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081020050825/http://www.world.guns.ru/civil/civ020-e.htm |date=20 October 2008 }} Retrieved on 27 October 2008. 42. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.asianmilitaryreview.com/upload/200906161450071.pdf |title=A New 5.56mm Generation or a Changing of the Guard? |author=Kemp, Ian |year=2009 |publisher=http://asianmilitaryreview.com – Asian Military Review |accessdate=18 April 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707175054/http://www.asianmilitaryreview.com/upload/200906161450071.pdf |archivedate=7 July 2011 |df=dmy-all }} 43. ^Military Hardware of R.O.C. 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| last = Ezell | first = Edward Clinton | title = Small Arms of the World | edition = 12th rev. | others = Thomas M. Pegg, research assistance | location = New York | publisher = Barnes & Noble | origyear = 1983 | year = 1993 | pages = 75–77 | isbn = 978-0-88029-601-4 }} External links{{commons category|Steyr AUG}}
9 : 5.56 mm assault rifles|Bullpup rifles|Designated marksman rifles|Light machine guns|Machine guns of Austria|Rifles of Austria|Steyr|Submachine guns of Austria|Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1978 |
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