| 词条 | Paralia (Seleucid eparchy) |
| 释义 |
|native_name = Paralia |common_name = Paralia |era = Hellenistic era |subdivision = Eparchy |nation = Coele-Syria province of the Seleucid Kingdom |p1 = Achaemenid Phoenicia |flag_p1 = Standard of Cyrus the Great (Achaemenid Empire).svg |s1 = Hasmonean kingdom |flag_s1 = Menora Titus.png |capital = |today = {{flag|Israel}} {{flag|Gaza Strip}} |year_start = 197 BCE |year_end = 99 BCE |event_start = Seleucid annexation |event_end = Hasmonean dynasty conquest |event1 = Simon Thassi captured Jaffa |date_event1 = 143 BCE |event2 = John Hyrcanus captured Jamnia and Ashdod |date_event2 = 125 BCE |event3 = Conquests of Alexander Jannaeus |date_event3 = 103-99 BCE }} The Paralia ({{lang-el|Παραλία}} - beach), also known as Medinat HaYam ({{lang-he|מדינת הים}} - country by the sea) was a coastal eparchy in Palestine during Hellenistic and Roman times,[1] ruled by the Seleucid Empire between 197 and 99 BCE, as part of the Coele-Syria province. According to Josephus, the inhabitants of the region were primarily Greek city-dwellers.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=168}} The name appears in the 6th-century Madaba Map, appended to the town of Ashdod-Sea, as Azotos Paralos ({{lang-gr|Αζωτοσπαραλς}}), ca. 3 kilometers south of Modern Ashdod. The region was originally set up by the Seleucids,{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=143}} along with the eparchies of Idumea and Galaaditis and neighbouring the eparchy of Samaria. Josephus wrote that the Paralia was outside Jewish jurisdiction throughout the Second Temple Period, except for a short period under the Hasmoneans and during the reign of Herod the Great and the Agrippas.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=146}} EtymologyThe region was described as the Coastal Country in 1 Maccabees ({{bibleverse-nb|1 Macc|11:59}}; {{bibleverse-nb|1 Macc|15:38}}) and 2 Maccabees ({{bibleverse-nb|2 Macc|13:24}}).[2] In earlier Halakha it was described at "Medinat HaYam" (cities of the sea).[3] HistoryThe region was originally set up by the Seleucids.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=143}} The eparchy bordered Samaria, Idumea and Galaaditis, all part of the Coele-Syria province. Nicanor son of Patroclus was likely one of the governors of Paralia district, and was titled Cypriarch - apparently commanding some Cypriot garrison troops in the region, when Antiochus V Eupator acceded to the throne.[4] Part of the Paralia region was first conquered by Jews under the Hasmoneans.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=146}} Simon Thassi captured Joppa in 143 BCE, John Hyrcanus captured Jamnia and Ashdod in 125 BCE, and between 103-99 BCE Alexander Jannaeus conquered the areas from Dora, northwards to Acra, and from Gaza, southwards to Rinocorura.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=146}} The first penetration of Hasmoneans to Joppa was gradual - first a garrison was set up in the city, with later replacement of the pagan population by incoming Jews.[2] Only Ashkelon was never conquered by the Hasmoneans.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=146}} DemographicsAccording to Josephus, the inhabitants of the region were primarily Greek city-dwellers.{{sfn|Rosenfeld|p=168}} See also{{portal|Ancient Near East}}
External links
Footnotes1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=YrrRaeP5po0C&pg=PA36#v=onepage&q&f=false The Myth of a Gentile Galilee, Mark A. Chancey], p.36 2. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=p9bFB2e0OiwC&pg=PA154 The Apocrypha, edited by Martin Goodman, John Barton, John Muddiman], p.154 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=Uk4JAQAAIAAJ&q=medinat+hayam+paralia&dq=medinat+hayam+paralia&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blwfVKHsAZLd7QbmmYDQCw&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAw Social Life and Social Values of the Jewish People, Haim Hillel Ben-Sasson, Samuel Ettinger], 1968, p.70 4. ^B. Bar-Kochva. Judas Maccabaeus: The Jewish Struggle Against the Seleucids. Cambridge University Press. p239. 5 : History of Palestine (region)|Political entities in the Land of Israel|Seleucid colonies|Ancient Jewish Greek history|2nd-century BC establishments in the Seleucid Empire |
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