| 词条 | Paratropis tuxtlensis |
| 释义 |
| name = Paratropis tuxtlensis | image = Paratropis tuxtlensis female.jpg | image_caption = Female with egg sac | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Arachnida | ordo = Araneae | subordo = Mygalomorphae | superfamilia = Theraphosoidea | familia = Paratropididae | genus = Paratropis | species = P. tuxtlensis | binomial = Paratropis tuxtlensis | binomial_authority = Valdez-Mondragón, Mendoza & Francke, 2014[1] }}Paratropis tuxtlensis is a species of spiders in the family Paratropididae (baldlegged spiders). Discovered in 2014 by a group of researchers from the National Autonomous University of Mexico,[2] the species is only known to occur in the Volcán San Martin Biosphere Reserve in Veracruz, Mexico.[3] DescriptionThe holotype male measured 8.20 millimeters in length, and the paratype female measured 12.90 millimeters. When cleansed of soil (see Behavior, below) the body is reddish, with orange coloration on its chelicerae, sternum, endites, and labium. Legs are olive colored, and spinnerets are yellow.[4] P. tuxtlensis is distinguished from Paratropis papilligera, the only other species of Paratropis where the male is known, by its conical as opposed to cylindrical tibia and by the number of teeth in the cheliceral furrows: P. tuxtlensis has a total of 20 while P. papilligera has 24.[4]The species has an orbiculate carapace and legs covered in barbed and clubbed setae.[4] Range and habitatP. tuxtlensis is the first member of the family Paratropididae to be found in North America.[2] It is native to tropical rainforest in Veracruz, Mexico. The first recorded specimens were discovered under rocks at an elevation of {{convert|1039|m}}; two more individuals were collected nearby at a lower elevation.[4]EtymologyThe species name P. tuxtlensis is derived from Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, the only place to date where it has been found.[5] BehaviorP. tuxtlensis excretes a sticky substance from glandular pores in its exoskeleton, which helps particles of soil adhere to its body. This most likely serves as a form of camouflage to conceal it from both predators and prey.[4] When exposed, the spider remains completely motionless in order to avoid detection.[4][6]References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/iz/spiders/catalog/PARATROPIDIDAE.html |title=FAM. PARATROPIDIDAE Simon, 1889 |author=Norman I. Platnick |date=June 16, 2014 |website=The World Spider Catalog |accessdate=26 June 2014}} 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20142406-25726.html |title=A new spider species with a dirt armour has been discovered |date=24 June 2014 |website=ScienceAlert |accessdate=26 June 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sci-news.com/biology/science-new-species-spider-strange-camouflage-mexico-02015.html |title=New Species of Spider with Strange Camouflage Discovered in Mexico |date=Jun 24, 2014 |website=Sci-News.com |accessdate=26 June 2014}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite journal |last=Valdez-Mondragón |first=Alejandro |last2=Mendoza |first2=Jorge I. |last3=Francke |first3=Oscar F. |date=16 June 2014 |title=First record of the mygalomorph spider family Paratropididae (Arachnida, Araneae) in North America with the description of a new species of Paratropis Simon from Mexico, and with new ultramorphological data for the family |url=https://www.pensoft.net/J_FILES/1/articles/7253/7253-G-1-layout.html |journal=ZooKeys |publisher=Pensoft Publishers |volume= |issue=416 |pages=1–21 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.416.7253 |accessdate=26 June 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://phys.org/news/2014-06-spider-species-mexico-soil-particles.html |title=A new spider species from Mexico uses soil particles for camouflage |date=Jun 23, 2014 |website=Phys.org |accessdate=26 June 2014}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sciencespacerobots.com/spider-discovered-in-mexico-uses-encrusted-soil-particles-for-62320141 |title=Spider Discovered in Mexico Uses Encrusted Soil Particles for Camouflage |date=June 23, 2014 |website=Science, Space & Robots |accessdate=26 June 2014}} External links
4 : Paratropididae|Spiders described in 2014|Spiders of Mexico|Endemic fauna of Mexico |
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