| 词条 | Parvipelvia |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = Late Triassic–Late Cretaceous, {{fossil_range|210|93.5}} | image = Ichthyosaurus breviceps 2.jpg | image_caption = Ichthyosaurus breviceps fossil | taxon = Parvipelvia | authority = Motani, 1999 | subdivision_ranks = Subgroups | subdivision = See text }}Parvipelvia (Latin for "little pelvis" - parvus meaning "little" and pelvis meaning "pelvis") is an extinct clade of euichthyosaur ichthyosaurs from the Late Triassic to the early Late Cretaceous (middle Norian - Cenomanian) of Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. Named by Ryosuke Motani, in 1999, it contains the basal taxa like Macgowania and Hudsonelpidia.[1] Maisch and Matzke (2000) found in their analysis seven synapomorphies that support Parvipelvia. They also found 10 synapomorphies that support the existence of post-Triassic clade of ichthyosaurs (all parvipelvians excluding Macgowania and Hudsonelpidia), for which the name Neoichthyosauria was found to be available.[2] PhylogenyParvipelvia is a node-based taxon defined in 1999 as "the last common ancestor of Hudsonelpidia, Macgowania, Ichthyosaurus and all of its descendants".[1] Maisch and Matzke (2000) also defined Neoichthyosauria which is a node-based taxon originally named by P. Martin Sander in 2000, as "the last common ancestor of Temnodontosaurus trigonodon and Ophthalmosaurus icenicus and all of its descendants".[2] The cladograms below follows Motani (1999) and Maisch and Matzke (2000).[1][2] {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:85%|label1=Parvipelvia |1={{Clade |1=Macgowania |2={{Clade |1=Hudsonelpidia |2={{Clade |1=Suevoleviathan |label2=Neoichthyosauria (by definition) |2={{Clade |1=Eurhinosauria |2=Temnodontosaurus |3=Thunnosauria }} }} }} }} }}{{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:85% |label1=Parvipelvia |1={{Clade |1=Macgowania |2=Hudsonelpidia |label3=Neoichthyosauria |3={{Clade |1=Temnodontosaurus |2={{Clade |1=Leptopterygiidae |2={{Clade |1=Suevoleviathan |2=Thunnosauria }} }} }} }} }} References1. ^1 2 {{cite journal |first=Ryosuke |last=Motani |year=1999 |title=Phylogeny of the Ichthyopterygia |url=http://mygeologypage.ucdavis.edu/motani/pdf/Motani1999c.pdf |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=472–495 | doi = 10.1080/02724634.1999.10011160 }} {{Portal|Mesozoic|Paleontology}}{{Ichthyosauria|Parvipelvia}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q4797678}}{{ichthyosaur-stub}}2. ^1 2 {{cite journal |first1=Michael W. |last1=Maisch |author2=Andreas T. Matzke |last-author-amp=yes |year=2000 |title=The Ichthyosauria |url=http://www.naturkundemuseum-bw.de/sites/default/files/publikationen/serie-b/B298.pdf |journal=Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde |series=Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) |volume=298 |pages=1–159 }} 26 : Ichthyosaurs|Late Triassic ichthyosaurs|Early Jurassic ichthyosaurs|Middle Jurassic ichthyosaurs|Late Jurassic ichthyosaurs|Early Cretaceous ichthyosaurs|Late Cretaceous ichthyosaurs|Cretaceous reptiles of Asia|Cretaceous reptiles of Australia|Cretaceous reptiles of Europe|Early Cretaceous reptiles of North America|Late Cretaceous reptiles of North America|Cretaceous reptiles of South America|Jurassic reptiles of Asia|Jurassic reptiles of Europe|Early Jurassic reptiles of North America|Middle Jurassic reptiles of North America|Late Jurassic reptiles of North America|Jurassic reptiles of South America|Late Triassic reptiles of Asia|Late Triassic reptiles of Europe|Late Triassic ichthyosaurs of North America|Late Triassic reptiles of South America|Ichthyosaurs of Europe|Norian first appearances|Turonian extinctions |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。