“St. Lawrence County, New York”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The county is named for the Saint Lawrence River, which in turn was named for the Christian saint Lawrence of Rome, on whose Feast day the river was discovered by French explorer Jacques Cartier.

St. Lawrence County comprises the Ogdensburg-Massena, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History

When counties were established in New York State in 1683, the present St. Lawrence County was part of Albany County. This was an enormous territory, including the northern part of New York State as well as all of the present State of Vermont and, in theory, extending westward to the Pacific Ocean. The county was reduced in size on July 3, 1766 by the creation of Cumberland County, and further on March 16, 1770 by the creation of Gloucester County, both containing territory now in Vermont.

On March 12, 1772, what was left of Albany County was split into three parts, one remaining under the name Albany County. The other two were called Tryon County (later renamed Montgomery County) and Charlotte County (later renamed Washington County). Tryon County contained the western portion (and, since no western boundary was specified, theoretically extended west to the Pacific). The eastern boundary of Tryon County was approximately five miles west of the present city of Schenectady, and the county included the western part of the Adirondack Mountains and the area west of the West Branch of the Delaware River. The area then designated as Tryon County includes what are now 37 counties of New York State. The county was named for William Tryon, colonial governor of New York. Charlotte County contained the eastern portion of Albany County.

In 1784, following the peace treaty that ended the American Revolutionary War, the name "Charlotte County" was changed to Washington County to honor George Washington, the American Revolutionary War general and later President of the United States of America. Tryon County was changed to Montgomery County to honor the general, Richard Montgomery, who had captured several places in Canada and died trying to capture the city of Quebec; it replaced the name of the hated British governor.

In 1788, Clinton County was split off from Washington County. This was a much larger area than the present Clinton County, including part of what would later become St. Lawrence County, as well as several other counties or county parts of the present New York State.

In 1789, the size of Montgomery County was reduced by the splitting off of Ontario County from Montgomery. The actual area split off from Montgomery County was much larger than the present county, also including the present Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Erie, Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Niagara, Orleans, Steuben, Wyoming, Yates, and part of Schuyler and Wayne Counties.

In 1791, Herkimer County was one of three counties split off from Montgomery (the other two being Otsego, and Tioga County). This was much larger than the present county, however, and was reduced by a number of subsequent splits. The first was the splitting off in 1794 of Onondaga County. This county was larger than the current Onondaga County, including the present Cayuga, Cortland, and part of Oswego Counties. This was followed by the splitting off in 1798 from Herkimer County of two portions: one, Oneida County, was larger than the current Oneida County, including the present Jefferson, Lewis, and part of Oswego Counties; another portion, together with a portion of Tioga County, was taken to form Chenango County.

In 1799, Clinton County was reduced in size by the splitting off of Essex County from Clinton County.

In 1802, parts of Clinton, Herkimer, and Montgomery Counties were taken to form the new St. Lawrence County. At that time Ogdensburg was the county seat. In 1828 the county seat was moved to Canton. The selection of Canton as the county was a compromise by the state legislature to end competition between factions supporting Ogdensburg and Potsdam for the county seat.^[3]

Earthquake

On September 5, 1944, a 5.8 magnitude earthquake centered in Massena struck the county. The earthquake was felt from Canada south to Maryland, and from Maine west to Indiana. The earthquake was the strongest earthquake in New York State history.^[4]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|2821|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|2680|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|141|sqmi}} (5.0%) is water.^[5] It is the largest county by area in New York. It is larger than the entire state of Rhode Island (1544.9 square miles) and the state of Delaware (2488.72 square miles).

Part of the County is in the Adirondack Park and includes much of the Oswegatchie River, Cranberry Lake and Lake Ozonia.

Adjacent counties

Demographics

As of the census^[11] of 2000, there were 113,931 people, 40,506 households, and 26,936 families residing in the county. The population density was 42 people per square mile (16/km²). There were 49,721 housing units at an average density of 18 per square mile (7/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 94.51% White, 2.38% African American, 0.87% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.69% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.79% of the population. 16.9% were of French, 16.1% Irish, 13.9% American, 11.6% English, 8.1% French Canadian, 7.9% German and 7.6% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 95.6% spoke English, 1.2% Spanish and 3.2% French as their first language.

There were 40,506 households out of which 31.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.50% were married couples living together, 10.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.50% were non-families. 26.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.40% under the age of 18, 13.80% from 18 to 24, 27.40% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 13.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 103.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,356, and the median income for a family was $34,510. Males had a median income of $30,135 versus $24,253 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,728. About 12.30% of families and 19.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.30% of those under age 18 and 10.30% of those age 65 or over.

Education

School districts

There are 17 school districts centered in St. Lawrence County, all under the jurisdiction of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20101129111320/http://sllboces.org/sllboces/site/default.asp St. Lawrence-Lewis BOCES Supervisory District] along with Harrisville Central School District in Lewis County, New York.

All public high schools in St. Lawrence County compete in the New York State Public High School Athletic Association Section X Northern Athletic Conference.

Universities and colleges

Saint Lawrence County is home to St. Lawrence University, State University of New York at Potsdam, Clarkson University, the SUNY-ESF Ranger School, and the State University of New York at Canton.

Politics

Prior to the 1992 Presidential Election, St. Lawrence County was a traditionally Republican county, supporting the Democrats only in their sweep of New York State counties in 1964. From 1992 through the 2012 election, St. Lawrence County swung Democratic, posting double-digit victories for Democratic candidates, most notably in 1996 when Bill Clinton won the county by 28-point margin over Bob Dole. The first Republican victory in the county came in 2016 when Donald Trump carried the county by an eight-point margin.

Media

Radio

Transportation

Airports

Communities

City

Towns

Villages

Census-designated places

Hamlets

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite web |title = State & County QuickFacts |publisher = United States Census Bureau |url = http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36089.html |accessdate = October 13, 2013 |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/60JV0JJmp?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36089.html |archivedate = July 20, 2011 |df = }}
2. ^{{cite web |title = Find a County |publisher = National Association of Counties |url = http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdate = 2011-06-07 |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate = 2011-05-31 |df = }}
3. ^Linda Casserly, County Courthouse Has 'Fiery' History {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611131549/http://www.courts.state.ny.us/courts/4jd/stlawrence/history.shtml |date=2011-06-11 }}, St. Lawrence Plaindealer, May 23, 2000. Archived copy on website of New York 4th Judicial District, St. Lawrence County.
4. ^[https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1944_09_05.php Historic Earthquakes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161110091527/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1944_09_05.php |date=2016-11-10 }}, US Geological Survey, (2012-11-01). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 7, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519062322/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt|archivedate=May 19, 2014|df=}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170529192346/https://census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|archivedate=May 29, 2017|df=}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 7, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=January 7, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69xTph0V8?url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|archivedate=August 16, 2012|df=}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ny190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 7, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219161259/http://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ny190090.txt|archivedate=February 19, 2015|df=}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 7, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218203824/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|archivedate=December 18, 2014|df=}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/|archivedate=2013-09-11|df=}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|date=|website=uselectionatlas.org|accessdate=1 May 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323225526/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|archivedate=23 March 2018|df=}}
13. ^St. Lawrence County Public and Private Airports, New York {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019145816/http://www.tollfreeairline.com/newyork/stlawrence.htm |date=2011-10-19 }}. Retrieved June 13, 2013.