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词条 Patyegarang
释义

  1. Contact with the colonists

     Documenting language  Relationship with William Dawes 

  2. In popular culture

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. Further reading

  6. External links

{{Use Australian English|date=November 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}

Patyegarang (c 1780s) was an Australian Aboriginal woman from the Cadigal people of the Eora nation. Patyegarang (pronounced Pa-te-ga-rang) taught William Dawes the language of her people and is thought to be one of the first people to have taught an Aboriginal language to the early colonists in New South Wales.

Contact with the colonists

Patyegarang was aged around 15 when she became a guide and language teacher to William Dawes.[1][2] Dawes, an astronomer, mathematician and linguist, was a lieutenant in the Royal Marines on board the HMS Sirius, of the First Fleet, to the Colony of New South Wales.[3] William Dawes met Patye (as he would call her) when he struck up friendships with the local Cadigal people.

Documenting language

William Dawes was the first person to write down an Australian language.[4][5] Patyegarang tutored Dawes in his understanding and assisted in the documentation[6] of the Dharug or Eora language spoken by the Cadigal people and other tribes, sometimes referred to as the Sydney language.[2][7] Patyegarang was one of the first people to have taught an Aboriginal language to a non-Aboriginal person.[8] Together they made the first detailed study of Australian Indigenous languages, compiling vocabularies, grammatical forms, and many expressions in the language during his three-year stay in the colony.[9][10]

Three notebooks compiled by William Dawes survive.[11] The language notebooks were discovered by Phyllis Mander Jones, an Australian librarian, while she was working at the University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS).[5][12]

The notebooks include specific terms for the sun, the moon and the clouds leading Indigenous Curator James Wilson Miller to note that Patyegarang had detailed knowledge of the land and sky.[13][14]

Relationship with William Dawes

Patyegarang may have lived with William Dawes in his hut at Observatory Point.[15][16] Some of the expressions she shared with Dawes, such as Putuwá which means "to warm one's hand by the fire and then to squeeze gently the fingers of another person"[17] indicate a close relationship.[15] Australian writer Thomas Keneally describes Patyegarang as the “chief language teacher, servant, and perhaps lover” of William Dawes.[18]

Patyegarang learned to speak and read English from Dawes. It is not clear how long she was associated with him or what eventually happened to her.[15]

In popular culture

In 2014, the Bangarra Dance Theatre created a work choreographed by Stephen Page called Patyegarang depicting her life and relationship with Dawes.[19][20][21][22]

{{Quote box
|quote = I believe Patyegarang was a young woman of fierce and endearing audacity, and a ‘chosen one’,

so to speak, within her clan and community. Her tremendous display of trust in Dawes resulted in a

gift of cultural knowledge back to her people almost 200 years later and I feel her presence around

us, with us, as we create this new work.


|source = Stephen Page, 2014
|width = 50%
|align = center
}}

Writer Kate Grenville based the characters in her novel The Lieutenant on the historical friendship of Patyegarang, the young Gadigal woman, and Lieutenant William Dawes.[23][24]

See also

  • William Dawes (British Marines officer)
  • Dharug language

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Patyegarang|url=http://www.williamdawes.org/patyegarang.html|website=The notebooks of William Dawes on the Aboriginal Language of Sydney|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
2. ^1 {{Citation | title=First Australians. Episode 1, They have come to stay | date=2008 | publisher=Blackfella Films | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/191077288 | accessdate=30 March 2015 }}
3. ^{{cite web|last1=Nathan|first1=David|last2=Rayner|first2=Susannah|last3=Brown|first3=Stuart|title=DRH 2007 Proposal abstract Opening Dawes: Organising Knowledge around a Linguistic Manuscript|url=http://projects.oucs.ox.ac.uk/DRHA/2007/DRHA-07/subs/36.doc}}
4. ^{{cite web|last1=Stuchbery|first1=Mike|title=Embracing those golden moments of understanding|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-01-26/stuchbery-understanding-and-appreciating-our-differences/3793048|website=ABC The Drum|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
5. ^1 {{Citation | author1=Mander-Jones, Phyllis, 1896-1984 | author2=Australian National University | author3=National Library of Australia | title=Manuscripts in the British Isles relating to Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific | date=1972 | publisher=Australian National University Press | isbn=978-0-7081-0450-7 }}
6. ^{{cite web|title=The notebooks of William Dawes on the Aboriginal language of Sydney|url=http://www.williamdawes.org/ms/contents.php|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
7. ^{{Citation | author1=Troy, Jakelin | author2=Troy, Shirley, 1928- | title=The Sydney language | date=1994 | publisher=J.Troy | isbn=978-0-646-11015-8 }}
8. ^{{cite journal|title=Who was Patyegarang?|journal=Deadly Vibe|date=June 2014|volume=208|url=http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=360352847768195;res=IELIND|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
9. ^{{cite journal|last1=Gibson|first1=Ross|title=Event-grammar: The Language Notebooks of William Dawes|journal=Meanjin|date=Winter 2009|volume=68|issue=2|pages=91–99|url=http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=346728996976740;res=IELLCC|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
10. ^{{Citation | author1=Walsh, Michael, 1948- | author2=Yallop, Colin L | author3=Walsh, Michael (ed) | author4=Yallop, Colin (ed) | title=Language and culture in Aboriginal Australia | date=1993 | publisher=Aboriginal Studies Press | isbn=978-0-85575-241-5 | pages=45–46 }}
11. ^{{cite journal|last1=Gibson|first1=Ross|title=Cast Against Type|journal=Interventions|date=30 January 2015|volume=17|issue=2|pages=196–210|doi=10.1080/1369801X.2014.993327}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Patyegarang Teachers' Resource|url=http://bangarra.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Teachers-Resource-Patyegarang-FINAL-10.06.14-sml.pdf|website=Bangarra Dance Theatre|accessdate=30 March 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150322044853/http://bangarra.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Teachers-Resource-Patyegarang-FINAL-10.06.14-sml.pdf|archivedate=22 March 2015|df=}}
13. ^{{Citation | author1=Powerhouse Museum | title=yinalung yenu=women's journey : teachers exhibition notes | date=2008 | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/191896639 | accessdate=30 March 2015 }}
14. ^{{cite journal|last1=Stevenson|first1=T. M.|title=Observing the Less Visible: Alice takes on Astronomy.|journal=Museological|date=2012|issue=16|page=29|issn=1354-5825}}
15. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Pybus|first1=Cassandra|title=Not fit for your protection or an honest man's company': A transnational perspective on the saintly William Dawes.|journal=History Australia|date=2011|volume=12|issue=1|url=http://journals.publishing.monash.edu/ojs/index.php/ha/article/view/178|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
16. ^{{cite journal|last1=Thomas|first1=Sue|title=A transnational perspective on William Dawes' treatment of women.|journal=History Australia|date=2012|volume=10|issue=1}}
17. ^{{cite web|last1=Dawes|first1=William|title=The notebooks of William Dawes on the Aboriginal language of Sydney : Book B, Page 21|url=http://www.williamdawes.org/ms/msview.php?image-id=book-b-page-21|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
18. ^{{Citation | author1=Keneally, Thomas | title=Australians. Volume 1, Origins to Eureka | date=2009 | publisher=Allen & Unwin | isbn=978-1-74175-069-0 | page=166 }}
19. ^{{cite journal|title=Patyegarang's gift|journal=Deadly Vibe|date=June 2014|volume=208|url=http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;res=IELIND;dn=360408746681970 | accessdate=30 March 2015}}
20. ^{{cite web|title=Patyegarang|url=http://bangarra.com.au/performance/patyegarang|website=Bangarra Dance Theatre|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
21. ^{{cite web|last1=Bangarra Dance Theatre|title=Patyegarang theatre program 2014|url=http://issuu.com/bangarra/docs/bdt624_patyegarangprogram_issuu_sin|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
22. ^{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Margaret|title=Patyegarang: first contact's Romeo and Juliet|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/australia-culture-blog/2014/jun/17/patyegaran-first-contacts-romeo-and-juliet|website=The Guardian|accessdate=30 March 2015}}
23. ^{{Citation | author1=Grenville, Kate | title=The lieutenant | date=2008 | publisher=Text Publishing | isbn=978-1-921351-78-5 }}
24. ^{{cite journal|last1=McKinnon|first1=C.|title=Writing white, writing black, and events at Canoe Rivulet.|journal=TEXT: Journal of Writing and Writing Programs|volume=16|issue=2|pages=1–17|url=http://ro.uow.edu.au/creartspapers/405/|accessdate=30 March 2015}}

Further reading

  • Gibson, Ross. "Patyegarang and William Dawes: The space of imagination." page 245 in {{Citation | author1=Banivanua-Mar, Tracey, 1974- | author2=Edmonds, Penelope | title=Making settler colonial space : perspectives on race, place and identity | date=2010 | publisher=Palgrave Macmillan | isbn=978-0-230-22179-6 }}
  • Lake, Meredith. "Salvation and conciliation: First missionary encounters at Sydney Cove." page 93-97 in {{Citation | author1=Barry, Amanda | author2=University of Melbourne. School of Historical Studies | title=Evangelists of empire? : missionaries in colonial history | date=2008 | publisher=eScholarship Research Centre in collaboration with the School of Historical Studies | isbn=978-0-7340-3968-2 }}

External links

  • The notebooks of William Dawes on the Aboriginal Language of Sydney

2 : Indigenous Australian people|History of Australia (1788–1850)
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