| 词条 | Paula T. Hammond |
| 释义 |
| name = Paula Therese Hammond | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Paula Hammond Women In Chemistry from video.png | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = 1963 | birth_place = Detroit, Michigan, United States | death_date = | death_place = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = United States | citizenship = | nationality = United States | fields = Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, Cancer immunology | workplaces = Massachusetts Institute of Technology | patrons = | alma_mater = Massachusetts Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology | thesis_title = The Synthesis, Characterization and Optical Properties of Novel Diacetylene-Containing Aromatic Liquid Crystalline Polymers | thesis_url = | thesis_year = 1993 | doctoral_advisor = Michael F. Rubner | academic_advisors = George M. Whitesides | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = | spouse = | children = }}Paula Hammond is a David H. Koch Professor in Engineering and the Head of the Department of Chemical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).[1] Her laboratory designs polymers and nanoparticles for drug delivery and energy-related applications including batteries and fuel cells.[2] She is an intramural faculty member of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and an Associate Editor of ACS Nano. Early life{{external media | width = 210px | align = right | headerimage= | video1 = [https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/paula-hammond “I learned to not be intimidated by the problem”], Science History Institute }}Hammond was born in 1963 in Detroit, Michigan[2] as Paula Therese Goodwin to parents Jesse Francis and Della Mae Goodwin (née McGraw). Her father has a Ph.D in Biochemistry and her mother has a master's degree in nursing.[3] Goodwin graduated a year prior to her expected date at the Academy of the Sacred Heart in Bloomfield, Michigan in 1980.{{Citation needed|date=August 2018}} After graduation, Goodwin went on to study and earn a Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1984.[3] She went to work for Motorola for two years[6] before returning to academia and obtaining a Master of Science in chemical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1988.[3] She then returned to MIT to receive her Ph.D in Chemical Engineering in 1994.[3] ResearchHammond and her lab design polymers (molecular chains of linked, repeating units) for applications in drug delivery; wound healing; and energy and fuel cells.[4] Much of her work involves layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, which builds films of alternating positively and negatively charged molecules.[5] Medical ApplicationsHammond has developed "stealth polymers" to disguise cancer chemotherapeutics contained in nanoparticles so that they can reach tumors.[6] She also works on ways to transport RNA into cells to either increase[7] or decrease the expression of specific genes.[8] Hammond cofounded MIT's Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology, a partnership between MIT, the Army, and industry partners to develop nanotechnology to improve soldier "protection and survivability."[9][10] As part of this program, Hammond designed a spray that helps blood clot to prevent blood loss.[10] She developed LayerForm™️technology to build drug delivery films with alternating drug and polymer layers and co-founded a biotechnology company, LayerBio Inc. to commercialize it for regenerative medicine applications.[11] Energy and Fuel CellsHammond also works on the development of polymers for use in batteries thin films of carbon microtubules that can be used in batteries, solar cells, and fuel cells.[12] She presented research on virus-based batteries to Barack Obama in 2009.[10] Honors and RecognitionsIn 2013, Hammond was one of three African-American female fellows to be elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In September 2013, Hammond was recognized by the United States Department of Defense and awarded the Ovarian Cancer Research Program Teal Innovator Award.[13]
Selected bibliography{{Library resources box|by=yes|lcheading= Hammond, Paula T. (Paula Therese), 1963-}}
References1. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.mit.edu/2015/paula-hammond-named-head-department-chemical-engineering-0713|title=Paula Hammond named head of Department of Chemical Engineering|work=MIT News|access-date=2017-05-11}} 2. ^{{cite journal| doi = 10.1002/1521-4095(20020116)14:2<95::AID-ADMA95>3.0.CO;2-X| title = In Profile: Paula Hammond, Professor of Chemical Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology| year = 2002| journal = Advanced Materials| volume = 14| issue = 2| pages = 95}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title=Paula Hammond | work=Science History Institute |url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/paula-hammond |accessdate=March 21, 2018 }} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/paula-hammond|title=Paula Hammond|date=2016-06-29|work=Science History Institute|access-date=2018-08-18|language=en}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Bourzac|first=Katherine|date=2015-12-11|title=A Conversation with Paula Hammond|journal=ACS Central Science|language=EN|volume=1|issue=9|pages=466–467|doi=10.1021/acscentsci.5b00375|issn=2374-7943|pmc=4827460|pmid=27163008}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.mit.edu/2014/faculty-highlight-paula-hammond|title=Faculty highlight: Paula Hammond|work=MIT News|access-date=2018-08-18}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.mit.edu/2017/bio-inspired-approach-rna-delivery-0920|title=Bio-inspired approach to RNA delivery|work=MIT News|access-date=2018-08-18}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://phys.org/news/2013-03-medicine-nanoscale-approaches-drug-delivery.html|title=Practicing medicine at the nanoscale: New approaches to drug delivery offer hope for new, more targeted treatments|access-date=2018-08-18}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://isnweb.mit.edu/mission.html|title=Institute For Soldier Nanotechnologies - Mission|website=isnweb.mit.edu|access-date=2018-08-18}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/careers/2014/12/paula-t-hammond-lab|title=The Paula T. Hammond Lab|date=2014-12-02|work=Science {{!}} AAAS|access-date=2018-08-18|language=en}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.layerbio.com/layerform/|title=LayerForm|website=LayerBio|language=en-US|access-date=2018-08-18}} 12. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/425876/harnessing-the-power-of-polymers/|title=Harnessing the Power of Polymers|last=Trafton|first=Anne|work=MIT Technology Review|access-date=2018-08-18|language=en}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=FY12 Teal Innovator: Building Better Medicine|url=http://cdmrp.army.mil/ocrp/research_highlights/13hammond_highlight.shtml|publisher=US Department of Defense|accessdate=March 5, 2014}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.mit.edu/2017/eight-faculty-mit-elected-national-academy-engineering-0210|title=Eight MIT faculty elected to the National Academy of Engineering|work=MIT News|access-date=2017-05-11}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.mit.edu/2016/paula-hammond-elected-national-academy-medicine-1017|title=Paula Hammond elected to the National Academy of Medicine|work=MIT News|access-date=2017-05-11}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://engage.aiche.org/network/community-directory/profile?UserKey=7d04baed-17c7-4732-9c66-6055294e127b&ssopc=1|title=Paula Hammond - Profile {{!}} AIChE Engage|website=engage.aiche.org|language=en|access-date=2017-05-11}} External links
7 : 1963 births|Living people|Scientists from Detroit|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|Georgia Institute of Technology alumni|Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni|Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering |
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