| 词条 | Paul Niehans |
| 释义 |
Paul Niehans (21 November 1882{{spaced ndash}}1 September 1971) was a Swiss doctor who was one of the developers of cellular therapy called the Niehans method.[1] His renown grew through his treatment of celebrities such as Pope Pius XII, King Ibn Saud, Konrad Adenauer and Charlie Chaplin. Paul Niehans, the son of a doctor, was born and raised in Switzerland. He first studied theology, but quickly grew dissatisfied with religious life and took up medicine. He first studied at Bern, then completed an internship in Zürich. Niehans joined the Swiss Army in 1912. When war broke out in the Balkans, Niehans set up a hospital in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Intrigued with Alexis Carrel's experiments, Niehans specialized in glandular transplants and by 1925 was one of the leading glandular surgeons in Europe. In 1931, Niehans treated a patient suffering from tetany whose parathyroid had been erroneously removed by another physician. Too weak for a glandular transplant, the patient was given injections of the parathyroid glands of steer, and she soon recovered.[1] Live cell therapy (or fresh cell therapy), developed in the ’30s by Niehans, involves harvesting fresh cells from sheep{New Zealand Black Sheep, is the breed he used]embryo and injecting them directly (intramuscular) into the person’s buttocks.[2][3] There is no evidence it is useful for any health problem.[4] There have been several instances of severe adverse effects including death.[5] In 1937, influenced by the work of the neurosurgeon Harvey Williams Cushing, Niehans first used cerebral cells, from the hypothalamus and the hypophysis. Beginning in 1948, he also used liver, pancreas, kidney, heart, duodenum, thymus, and spleen cells. In 1949, he began to use lyophilized (freeze-dried) cells, not only fresh ones. In 1953, Paul Niehans treated Pope Pius XII, who in gratitude appointed him member of the Papal Academy of Sciences. In the United States, it is not legally available because of safety concerns and lack of proof of its effectiveness.[6] References1. ^{{citation | editor=Laurie J. Fundukian | author1=Paula Anne Ford-Martin | author2=Tish Davidson | contribution=Cell therapy | title=The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine | volume=2 | edition=4th | publisher=Gale | year=2011 | pages=885–887 | isbn=978-1-4144-8646-8}} 2. ^Live cell therapy today 3. ^Fresh cell therapy: The medicine of the future? 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Robyn|first1=MP|last2=Newman|first2=AP|last3=Amato|first3=M|last4=Walawander|first4=M|last5=Kothe|first5=C|last6=Nerone|first6=JD|last7=Pomerantz|first7=C|last8=Behravesh|first8=CB|last9=Biggs|first9=HM|last10=Dahlgren|first10=FS|last11=Pieracci|first11=EG|last12=Whitfield|first12=Y|last13=Sider|first13=D|last14=Ozaldin|first14=O|last15=Berger|first15=L|last16=Buck|first16=PA|last17=Downing|first17=M|last18=Blog|first18=D|title=Q Fever Outbreak Among Travelers to Germany Who Received Live Cell Therapy - United States and Canada, 2014.|journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|date=2 October 2015|volume=64|issue=38|pages=1071–3|pmid=26421460|doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm6438a3}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|author=Jean-Marie Abgrall|title=Healing Or Stealing?: Medical Charlatans in the New Age|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kel6_1aN5JwC&pg=PA128|date=1 January 2000|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-1-892941-28-2|page=128}} 6. ^American Cancer Society cell therapy page Sources
External links
3 : 1882 births|1971 deaths|Swiss physicians |
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