| 词条 | Pemberton-Billing P.B.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Pemberton-Billing P.B.1,{{#tag:ref|Pemberton Billing aircraft underwent a retrospective redesignation in 1916, with the original P.B.1 design, as displayed at Olympia, redesignated P.B.7, and the modified aircraft as tested during May–June 1914 redesignated P.B.9.[1] The P.B.9 landplane scout, which was built in August 1914 using the engine of the P.B.1 became the P.B.13 as part of the same redesignation.[1]|group=nb}} sometimes known as the "Supermarine", was a 1910s British single-seat flying-boat built by Pemberton-Billing Limited, which later became the Supermarine Aviation Works. Only one P.B.1 was built, and it never flew any distance further than a hop. Design and developmentThe P.B.1 was a single-seat open cockpit biplane powered by a 50 hp (36 kW) Gnome rotary engine driving a three-bladed pusher propeller,[3] which was mounted in a tractor configuration nacelle between the upper wings and the fuselage. It had a single-step hull designed by the naval architect Linton Hope, with a spruce skin over a mahogany structure, and covered with waterproof fabric. It had two-bay wings constructed of spruce and Ash, with ailerons on the upper wing and floats under the lower wingtips. The pilot sat in a cockpit aft of the wing trailing edge.[2][3] Described as "a boat that will fly, [instead of] an aeroplane that will float",[3] only one P.B.1 was built;[3] the prototype was displayed at the Olympia Aero Show in March 1914.[3] It was rebuilt during April 1914, with the pilot's cockpit moved forward to the nose of the aircraft, and the Gnome engine mounted on top of the fuselage, driving two 3-bladed pusher propellers via chain drives. Following the modifications, the P.B.1 entered testing, but failed to achieve flight during testing on Southampton Water on 30 May 1914.[4] Noel Pemberton Billing, the head of Pemberton-Billing Limited and designer of the PB.1, claimed that the aircraft made a short hop during June,[4] but other sources state that the PB.1 never flew.[5][6] Following the conclusion of the attempted flight testing, the P.B.1 was dismantled on 28 July 1914, with its engine being used in the Pemberton-Billing P.B.9 single seat scout aircraft.[7] Specifications (P.B.1){{Aircraft specs|ref=British Flying Boats[8] |prime units?=imp
See also{{aircontent|related= |similar aircraft= |lists=
|see also= }} ReferencesNotes1. ^Bruce 1969, p. 60. 2. ^London 2003, p. 8. 3. ^1 Jarrett Air Enthusiast Forty-eight, pp. 7–8. 4. ^1 Jarrett Air Enthusiast Forty-eight, p. 9. 5. ^London 2003, pp. 8–9. 6. ^Andrews and Morgan 1987, p. 15. 7. ^1 Jarrett Air Enthusiast Forty-eight, p. 10. 8. ^London 2003, pp. 262–263. 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite magazine|title=The Olympia Exhibition: The Supermarine P.B.1 (Pemberton Billing). (49.) |magazine=Flight | url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1914/1914%20-%200301.html|date=21 March 1914 |page=301}} Citations{{reflist|refs=[9]}} Bibliography{{refbegin}}
6 : Supermarine aircraft|British civil utility aircraft 1910–1919|Flying boats|Biplanes|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1914 |
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