| 词条 | Penicuik House |
| 释义 |
Penicuik House (alternative spellings: Penycuik, Pennycuik) survives as the shell of a formerly grand estate house in Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. The 18th-century palladian mansion (at {{gbmappingsmall|NT2172659208}}) was built on the site of an earlier house by Sir James Clerk, 3rd Baronet. It was destroyed by fire in 1899 and a major restoration was completed in 2014 by G Brown Stonemasons. Old Penicuik House and New Penicuik House (the former stables block in which the Clerk family were living even before the fire) are both designated Category A listed buildings by Historic Environment Scotland.[1][2]HistoryIt was John Clerk of Pennycuik who, returning to Scotland from France in 1646, purchased the estate and barony of Penicuik, the Penicuik Policies. The estate became the residence and title of his descendants.[3][4] Penicuik House was built in 1761 by Sir James Clerk, the 4th Laird of Penicuik and 3rd Baronet. Clerk had travelled widely, especially in Italy, and had studied Italian architecture. Now a roofless shell, it is constructed of ashlar, it has a central hexastyle portico with two-way stair, piano nobile, basement and Palladian windows. The interior was gutted by fire in 1899, but formerly had many fine rooms. The house was a great meeting point for figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, who came to view its collection of paintings, including a noted ceiling painting of Ossian's Hall, by Alexander Runciman. Replica of Arthur's O'onThe deliberate destruction of Arthur's O'on so appalled Sir James Clerk, that in 1760 he decided to have a dovecote built, as an exact replica of the temple, on his stable block at Penicuik House.[2] See also
References1. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB14634 |desc=OLD PENICUIK HOUSE |cat=A |access-date=2019-01-01}} 2. ^1 {{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB14635 |desc=NEW PENICUIK HOUSE (FORMERLY STABLES) |cat=A |access-date=2019-01-01|fewer-links=yes}} 3. ^{{cite book |author=Burke, John |year=1832 |title=A General and heraldic dictionary of the peerage and baronetage of the British Empire |volume=I |publisher=H. Colburn and R. Bentley |page=257 |url=https://books.google.com/books?pg=PA257&dq=John+Clerk+of+Pennycuick+parliamentarian&lr=&cd=3&id=Cq8KAAAAYAAJ#v=onepage&q=&f=false |authorlink=John Burke (genealogist) }} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.penicuikhouse.co.uk/history.aspx |title=The Clerk Family |work=Penicuik House Project |publisher=Penicuik House Preservation Trust |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831074652/http://www.penicuikhouse.co.uk/history.aspx |archivedate=2009-08-31 |df= }} External links
13 : Houses completed in 1761|Category A listed buildings in Midlothian|Listed houses in Scotland|1761 establishments in Scotland|Palladian architecture|1899 disasters|Fires in Scotland|Ruins in Midlothian|Scottish Enlightenment|Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes|Ruined houses|Listed ruins in Scotland|18th-century architecture in the United Kingdom |
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